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1358 articles for “w/c ratio”
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Compaction Characteristics of Sawdust, Cotton Stalks, Maize Straw and Rice Straw Briquettes
Abstract: Most of the developing countries are generating large amounts of agricultural waste but they are used ineffectively causing to pollute the environment. The main agro-wastes are rice straw, cotton stalks, and maize straw in addition to this biomass milling residue is also available in huge quantity. Apart from the problems of storage, handling, transportation, direct burning of loose biomass in conventional grates is associated with very low thermal efficiency and …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 25–33 Read article
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PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION ANALYSIS OF RAPESEED METHYL ESTER BLENDS AS ALTERNATE FUEL FOR DIESEL ENGINE APPLICATIONS
Abstract: Air pollution at sea is due to exhaust emissions from the marine diesel engines of cargo ships, tugs, passenger and patrolling vessels, and motorboats. The emissions from marine engines cause human health hazards like cancer in the lungs, cardio problems, effects the healthy environment, ozone layer depletion and global warming. Rapeseed methyl ester (RME) blends with diesel fuel is one of the best alternate fuels to reduce the exhaust emissions …
Published in Journal of Offshore Structure and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 14–22 Read article
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Evaluation of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal as an Alternative Protein Source in Broiler Chicken Diets: Effect on Carcass and Eating Quality of Broiler Chicken
Abstract: An experiment was conducted using broiler finishers to determine the effects of black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) in broiler rations on the sensory and carcass characteristics of the birds. A total of eight broiler chickens were randomly selected from 40 birds fed diets containing 0% (control) and 33% replacement of fish meal with BSFLM. At 56 days of age, eight birds were slaughtered after 8-hour feed withdrawal, dressed, eviscerated …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 18–21 Read article
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Cellular Mechanisms of Autophagy in Carcinogenesis: A Narrative Review
Abstract: Autophagy is a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway essential for cellular homeostasis, metabolic adaptation, and survival under stress. In the context of carcinogenesis, autophagy exhibits a paradoxical and stage-dependent role. During early tumor development, autophagy acts as a tumor-suppressive mechanism by limiting genomic instability, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. Conversely, in established malignancies, cancer cells exploit autophagy to sustain growth, survive hostile tumor microenvironments, and resist anticancer therapies. Increasing evidence …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 23–28 Read article
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Application of Ultrasound for Synthesis of Biodiesel
Abstract: The aim of study is to synthesize a biodiesel from soybean oil using ultrasonic process. At present, biodiesel is produced in batch reactors in which the required energy is provided by heating by mechanical mixing. Alternatively, ultrasonic processing is an effective way to attain required mixing providing the necessary activation energy. Ultrasonic is a very desirable tool for producing biodiesel from vegetable oil and animal fats, because it lowers the …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Optimized Companding Technique using Firefly Algorithm for PAPR Reduction in OFDM System
Abstract: AbstractThe current trends in wireless industry are based on multi-carrier transmission technique such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) which provides high data rates and is highly immune to frequency selective fading. However, OFDM is handicapped with a major problem of high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), which gives rise to non-linear distortion, inter-symbol interference and out-of-band radiation. Several PAPR reduction techniques have been devised over the last few decades in …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 8–14 Read article
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Nursing Training and Research in India: Challenges and Opportunities
Abstract: Nursing is one of the strongest pillars of healthcare delivery system. However, there is an acute shortage of nursing staff along with their unsatisfactory quality of education and training that leads to poor quality of nursing services in India. Moreover, the figures are dismal in terms of number of training institutions, trained nurses, nurse-population ratio and nurse-physician ratio. Inadequate management and leadership at national and state levels, lack of infrastructure, …
Published in Journal of Nursing Science & Practice · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 130–140 Read article
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COMBUSTION OPTIMIZATION OF 75 HP AGRICULTURAL TRACTOR DIESEL ENGINE TO MEET THE BHARAT STAGE (TREM) III A EMISSION NORMS
Abstract: Major challenged faced by most of the engine manufacturers with improving performance of heavy duty diesel vehicles is to meet the stringent exhaust emission norms, with least modification in design. Heavy duty diesel engines have been recently equipped with various electronically controlled components, such as turbocharger, fuel injection pump (FIP), exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), etc. Simplicity of design is to be maintained by optimizing the available emission control technique in …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 10–25 Read article
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VACUUM ASSISTED ABSORPTION CHILLER. PART I: MODELING AND SIMULATION
Abstract: A new absorption chiller assisted by a vacuum device has been simulated and characterized through a simulation process. Simulation has been developed for a range of 0.75-10 bars for the evaporation process with a constant ratio between the condensation and evaporation pressure of 10. Simulation has predicted a great improvement of the COP of the absorption chiller when operating at evaporation pressures under atmospheric level, with values of 6.844 for …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Evaluation of Image Reconstruction Techniques in Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) Imaging
Abstract: AbstractThis work is aimed at evaluating the image reconstruction techniques used in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging. The reconstruction techniques considered in this work are: the ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) and the Filtered Back Projection (FBP). An anthropomorphic torso phantom with lung and liver inserts was injected with 99mTc. The liver and the background were given 0.2 MBq/ml and 0.07 MBq/ml respectively. The lungs inserts were filled …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 13–22 Read article
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Evolutionary Dynamics of the East African Rift System: Implications for Hydrocarbon Exploration
Abstract: Rifts formation is a complex mechanism that has always generated debate with different models beingfronted, from thermal bulges to cratonic pull, all in an attempt to explain how the rifts form. East Africarift system (EARS), and its associated sedimentary basins within the general regional tectonicframework is one of the most active rifts in the world. The EARS has, over the years, experienced someoil and gas exploration though characteristically low. However, …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 47–58 Read article
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Optimization of Machining Parameters in Electric Discharge Machining of Al 65032
Abstract: Electric discharge machining has the potential to maintain surface topography and produce less stresses and destruction to the components. In this machining there is no contact between the tool and the work piece. The spark generated due to the electrostatic field generation between tool and the work piece. The objective of this experimentation was to create guidelines for electric discharge machining of Al 65032. Aluminum alloy 65032 is one of …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 15–22 Read article
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Behavior of Concrete under Multiaxial State of Stresses When Exposed to Fire: A Review
Abstract: A review article is presented on multiaxial state of stress in concrete when exposed to fire. This paper is a compilation of the recent work undertook by many researchers aiming to highlight the effect of fire on multiaxial state of concrete. It starts primarily from the biaxial compression and then compression-tension behavior of concrete and concluded at the behavior under triaxial compression of concrete. The behavior includes the stress-strain profile …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 49–57 Read article
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Enhancement of Electrical Conductivity of Laterite Derived Ferric Oxide to Facilitate As Anode Materials
Abstract: Laterite is a mineral abundant in ferric oxide and various impurities, including aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide. The extraction of ferric oxide from laterite is accomplished through a cost-effective leaching process employing HCl, NaOH, and Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Characterization using Xray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the synthesized particles to be α-Hematite nano particles, with an average particle size of 94.21 nm, predominantly falling within the range of 90 nm to …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Machining-Induced Surface Integrity Optimization of High-Carbon Alloy Steel for Enhanced Polymer–Metal Composite Interface Performance
Abstract: The functional performance and structural reliability of polymer–metal hybrid composites are strongly influenced by the surface integrity of metallic substrates used for interfacial bonding and load transfer. In this context, machining-induced surface characteristics play a critical role in determining adhesion behavior, dimensional stability, and mechanical compatibility within composite architectures. The present study investigates the hard turning performance of a newly developed high-carbon alloy steel intended for composite-integrated structural applications, with …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1531–1546 Read article
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Development of River Flood Management plan “Case of Patna City”
Abstract: This Research Paper develops an Integrated River Flood Management plan for Patna city, which includes Policy Framework and Implementation Strategy by increasing resilience and reducing river flood through various Interventions like Land use planning, Low Impact Development, Embankments, leaves, Dykes and ecosystem-based adaptation, resilient infrastructure, and community engagement identified from various Literature studies. It ensures Development of framework for River Flood in the region. It also talks about the Parameters …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 38–79 Read article
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A Study on Stabilization of Expansive Soil with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Sodium Silicate
Abstract: Utilization of industrial waste materials in the improvement of soils is a cost efficient and environmental friendly method. Stabilization of the expansive soil is studied by using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and sodium silicate. This paper includes the evaluation of soil properties like compaction, unconfined compressive strength test and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test. Detailed experimental study has been undertaken to investigate the characteristics and behavior of expansive …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 9–16 Read article
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Small-Scale Model Study on the Load-Deflection Characteristics of Single Piles under Static Lateral Load
Abstract: The capacity of a certain mathematical model to mimic a behavior occurring on a larger scale often concerns engineers. To evaluate a particular structure's safety factor, model uncertainty is an important consideration. Piles have been widely used to support axial and lateral loads for a wide range of structures, including high-rise buildings, transmission towers, power plants, offshore structures, highway and railway structures. Many transmission towers, high-rise buildings, highway and railway …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 47–55 Read article
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Polarization Reconfigurable Antenna: Design and Analysis
Abstract: This paper presents an analysis and design of a polarization reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna fed with single and dual feeds operating at WLAN frequency. For a single feed structure a square patch is designed first and is perturbed for obtaining circular polarization. Using PIN diodes this design can be made to generate different polarizations. In case of a dual feed structure the radiating square patch has dual feeding provision and …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Life Expectancy Rate and Health Facilities in Kachchh District
Abstract: After earthquake due to industrialization, population is growing; so many private hospitals have opened for treatment of different diseases. But the rural areas are deprived of health facilities. In rural areas, 55.50% samples of families agreed that they had suffered from one or the other type of addiction. About 75% samples of rural families do not get pure drinking water. About 72% samples of families agree that they live in …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 66–78 Read article