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114 articles for “bottom-up”
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Failed Component Image Acquisition Quality Optimization for Machine Vision System
Abstract: AbstractWith the rapid development of the global semiconductor industry, electronic products are required to have new ideas, diversified functions, and thinness and shortness. The ball grid array (BGA) packaging technique arranges solder balls in a matrix mode on the bottom of the component substrate, so as to increase the functional density. The dye stain test is extensively used for array component failure analysis; however, the operation takes time and extends …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 17–25 Read article
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MODELING AND SIMULATION OF ESTERIFICATION PROCESS IN REACTIVE DISTILLATION COLUMN USING ASPEN PLUS
Abstract: Abstract: Reactive distillation is a process that combined a chemical reaction and physical separation in a single unit operation. A results is carrying out simulation by using Aspen plus, it is shown in reactive distillation column. In this case, reaction takes place in liquid phase. While solving this type of problem, we have to use thermodynamics property. The boiling point of water is low and iso-amyl acetate having high boiling …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 5–9 Read article
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Design and Control of Acrolein Production Process
Abstract: In this study, the design and control of acrolein production plant has been investigated. The proposed design consists of a reactor and two distillation columns. Propylene reacts with oxygen and produces acrolein, acrylic acid, carbon dioxide and water. Plant wide operability and control of the entire acrolein production plant with decentralized controllers are explained. Tray temperature control loop and composition control loop are designed to infer final product purity. From …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 27–34 Read article
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Chemical Processing of SU-8 Photoresist to Record the Surface-Driven Microfluidic Flow of Dyed Working Liquid in the Regime of Fluid Mechanics
Abstract: Chemical processing of negative photoresist SU-8 is performed to fabricate a set of three individualSU-8 based glass microfluidic devices inside the cleanroom laboratory. The major steps of SU-8processing are spin coating using a spin coater, soft baking, ultra-violet (UV) exposure, post exposurebaking, development by SU-8 developer, and hard baking. The indirect bonding for leakage-freesealing is used during hard baking to fabricate the microfluidic devices. Author has prepared thedyed water to …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 53–57 Read article
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Purification of industrial wastewater using a photoelectroflotation process powered by solar energy
Abstract: The main problem of all existing electroflotation methods of wastewater treatment is salinization of the near-anode space during electroflotation, which leads to the formation of salt deposits on the anode, which strongly cover the anode surface, which can lead to a complete stop of the electroflotation process. The anode, used by electroflotation devices has a dense grid of small cells, which, on the one hand, increases the current density, but, …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 36–53 Read article
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Hydrogen and oxygen generation by Photoelectrolysis and Special Constructed Photoelectrolyzer Powered by Light Energy for Hydrogen Electric Vehicle Charging
Abstract: Today, pure hydrogen is produced by various industrial methods, including: steam reforming of methane and natural gas; coal gasification; biotechnology; electrolysis of water, etc. The most effective method for obtaining pure hydrogen is the use of photoelectrolysis of an aqueous solution of an electrolyte, flowing in a photoelectrochemical cell. In this method, the hydrogen in the photoelectrochemical cell is produced directly from solar energy. In a photoelectrochemical cell, a silicon …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 38–46 Read article
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Different Types of Control Grid in Solar System
Abstract: This paper gives a concise prologue to photovoltaic (PV) systems, with an emphasis on those that interface with the current electrical grid. The solar modules, intersection box, on-grid inverter, principal board, AC separate, net meter, and electrical grid are only a portion of the parts examined. It represents the qualities of the numerous assortments of solar cells utilized in PV transformation, including monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and undefined silicon cells, and their …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Effect of Construction Load on RC Floor Slab
Abstract: In reinforced concrete building structures, floors are added from bottom to top sequentially.The load due to construction of new floor is transferred to the lower floor slab through shoring. Different construction practices are adopted at work sites for the transfer of this load. The effect of construction practices was reviewed. The threshold value for bending moment under construction load is marked to provide the caution against the possible failure of …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 41–49 Read article
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Study and Design of PID Controller and State Observer Technique for Inverted Pendulum
Abstract: The inverted pendulum is a classic problem in dynamics and control theory and is widely used as a benchmark for testing control algorithms, it is unstable without control. The process is nonlinear and unstable with one input signal and several output signals. It is hence obvious that feedback of the state of the pendulum is needed to stabilize the pendulum. The aim of the study is to stabilize the pendulum …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Thermo-mechanical Analysis of Orthotropic plate under Sinusoidally Distributed Thermal load by using Trigonometric shear Deformation Theory (TSDT)
Abstract: For the thermal analysis of simply supported square and rectangular plates applied to sinusoidaldistributed linear thermal load throughout the plate thickness and in combination with sinusoidaldistributed transverse mechanical loading, a trigonometric shear deformation theory is proposed. Inthis work, a sinusoidal function in terms of thickness coordinates is being used in the displacement fieldin conjunction with the transverse shear deformation effect. The normal and shear stress can bedetermined by using the …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 10–33 Read article
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Laboratory permeability and single ring infiltration tests for the testing of waterproofing barriers of landfill tanks.
Abstract: Hydraulic conductivity is a fundamental hydrogeological parameter for the testing of waterproofing barriers of landfill tanks. These barriers are aimed at guaranteeing the isolation of the waste and preventing the infiltration of the percolate in the subsoil.Geotechnical features of mineral barriers must be preliminarily established through geotechnical laboratory tests in order to verify their suitability for their application.The main mineral barriers correspond to the bottom waterproofing of the landfill tanks …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 29–37 Read article
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A study to investigate the shear strength resistance of Ennore sand from conventional direct shear test.
Abstract: In this article analysis of shear strength parameters of Ennore Sand is given using the direct shear test. The shear strength parameters of cohesion and angle of shearing resistance are employed in the construction of geotechnical constructions to describe the soil's ability to sustain shear stress when subjected to a certain load. These might be measured using laboratory or field testing. When shearing a sample in a direct shear apparatus, …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 19–26 Read article
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Relationship of 5S, TPM and SMS to Enhance Safety Performance of Manufacturing Industry
Abstract: AbstractIn the present scenario, worker safety of a manufacturing industry is an important issue. There are also many manufacturing organizations that do not care for the health and safety of the employees. Only focus on their profits they do not follow the rules of occupational health and Safety (OHS) management systems and cannot control high safety standard and industrial hazards. The success of an OSH management system cannot be ascertained …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Design and Analysis of Dual Band Triangular Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for GPS and WLAN Application
Abstract: AbstractIn this paper, design of a dual operated microstrip patch antenna is presents. The dual-operation frequencies are chosen for UMTS/GPS and WLAN bands. A microstrip square patch antenna is designed which is excited by a microstrip line feed from the bottom of the antenna. An epoxy glass FR4 material is used as a substrate in the designing of antenna. The antenna is first modified in inverted U-shaped design to operate …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Capacitance–Resistance Model Application to Reservoirs Primarily Under Aquifer Influx
Abstract: Previous Capacitance – Resistance Models that have been developed to characterise black oil reservoirs undergoing waterflooding do not apply to waterflooding of reservoirs primarily under aquifer influxresulting in significant error. This paper has attempted to overcome this limitation by presenting the aquifer influx as a pseudo injector whose injection rate is represented by an existing aquifer model.The influencing parameters of the model have been modified to include an aquifer influx …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 16–29 Read article
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An IOT Based Smart S.O.S. Wristband for Women Safety
Abstract: Violence against women in India is actually more present than it may appear at first glance, as many expressions of violence are not considered crimes, or may otherwise go unreported or undocumented due to certain Indian cultural values and beliefs. These reasons all contribute to India's Gender Inequality Index rating of 0.524 in 2017, putting it in the bottom 20% of ranked countries for that year. This paper introduces an …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 26–30 Read article
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Engineering Properties of Alkali Activated Materials Produced from Thu Duc Water Plant Waste Sludge, Fly Ash, and Alkaline Activator by Semi-dry Pressing Method
Abstract: Alkali activated material is a product manufactured to serve the needs of construction. Theproduction of alkali activated material has many advantages compared to other traditional bakedmaterials. The product is not heated at high temperature, so it saves energy and reduces the amountof waste impacting negatively to ecology system and human life. The raw materials for production ofalkali activated materials are re-used from other industrial solid wastes such as fly ash, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 39–48 Read article
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Application of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems in the Extraction of Bovine Serum Albumin
Abstract: Protein partitioning in an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) has been found to be a powerful method for extracting and separating mixtures of biomolecules. In ATPS, many factors influence the partition coefficient K (which is the ratio of protein concentration in the top phase to that in the bottom phase) and the recovery percent (Rec%). Two systems of ATPS were used: first, polyethylene glycol (PEG4000)/sodium phosphate, and second, PEG4000/dextran. The behavior …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 41–50 Read article
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Underbalanced Drilling and Its Advancements: An Overview
Abstract: Ever increasing global energy demand associated with depletion of conventional hydrocarbon resources drives exploration and production (E&P) industry to invent advanced new technologies in frontier areas of drilling, production and reservoir engineering to enhance hydrocarbon production from unconventional resources or depleted reservoirs. Demand to produce from a low pressure marginal reservoir and the discoveries of naturally fractured reservoirs lead to the development of new drilling techniques like underbalanced drilling along …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 37–51 Read article
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Mathematical Modeling of Managed Pressure Drilling
Abstract: Managed pressure drilling (MPD) is an adaptive pressure drilling technique, which is preferably used in matured oil fields. This brings in the various issues of matured fields which can be easily managed by the MPD. Paper presents the mind map which can be used for further development of this technique. Further, it also presents the parametric mathematical modeling of MPD which can be used for adaptive control and demonstration. Four …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 9–17 Read article