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116 articles for “class discussion”
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Crystal Defects and Their Characterization in Modern Materials Science
Abstract: The physical and chemical properties of crystalline solids are fundamentally dictated by deviations from structural perfection, known as crystal defects. From the point-scale vacancies that drive diffusion to the planar boundaries that determine mechanical strength, defects serve as the primary "tuning knobs" in material design. This review provides a comprehensive examination of point, line, and planar defects, exploring their formation energetics and their role in plastic deformation via crystallographic slip. …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 15–19 Read article
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A Comprehensive Review of Biodegradable Polymers in Sustainable Packaging Applications
Abstract: The widespread use of synthetic plastics poses significant environmental challenges due to their durability and dependence on non-renewable resources. Biodegradable plastics, derived from renewable biological sources, offer a sustainable alternative that can mitigate waste disposal issues and environmental pollution. This paper examines the factors influencing the suitability of bioplastics for various packaging applications and discusses emerging techniques to enhance their properties. Regarding packaging applications in particular, biodegradable plastics offer a …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 28–37 Read article
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Steel Structural and Functional Characteristics Focusing on Corrosion Mechanisms
Abstract: This research article examines steel structural and functional characteristics, focusing on corrosion mechanisms and inhibitor protection strategies. Steel corrosion affects numerous industries, causing significant economic losses and safety risks. Fundamental electrochemical processes behind various corrosion forms including uniform, pitting, crevice, galvanic, intergranular, and stress-induced corrosion are explained. The chapter highlights the steel industry's importance while investigating how corrosion impacts performance and longevity. Protection methods discussed include material selection, environmental modification, …
Published in International Journal of Minerals · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 25–34 Read article
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Smart Ways to Manage Waste with AI and IOT: A Review
Abstract: Rapid urban growth and population have led to exponential growth in municipal solid waste over traditional inefficient waste management systems (collection / segregation / disposal). This paper reviews the convergence of Internet-of- Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), seen as two potential smart techniques to launch smarter waste management. The research reports important applications for AI and IoT in waste classification, waste collection optimization, waste-to-energy as well as smart bin …
Published in International Journal of Advanced Control and System Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 26–31 Read article
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Sentiment Analysis of X (Formerly Twitter) Using Machine Learning
Abstract: Sentiment analysis is a methodology to determine the nature and behavior of each and every user for the content posted on the social media platform in the form of post and feed. Consumers of the online platform are encouraged to post reviews of the product that they purchase. Little attempt is created by Amazon to confine or limit the content of these reviews. The number of reviews for various merchandise …
Published in Journal of Software Engineering Tools & Technology Trends · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 28–37 Read article
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Exploring the Applications and Advancements of Copper and Copper Alloys in Modern Manufacturing Processes
Abstract: For industrial uses, copper represents one of the greatest technical materials offered. This review paper discusses on the history of copper and copper alloys, salient features of wrought and cast copper alloys, physical and chemical characteristics of copper alloys, classification of copper alloys, design for manufacturing of copper alloys, mechanical properties of cast copper alloys, role of lead in copper alloys and applications of copper alloys in various engineering industries. …
Published in International Journal of Industrial and Product Design Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Design and Optimization of Domain-Specific Languages for High-Performance Computing Applications
Abstract: The accelerating demand for computational power in scientific, engineering, and data-intensive domains has driven High-Performance Computing (HPC) systems toward unprecedented levels of parallelism and architectural complexity. Contemporary HPC platforms integrate multicore CPUs, many-core GPUs, accelerators, and deep memory hierarchies, creating significant challenges for software development and performance optimization. Traditional general-purpose programming languages and parallel programming frameworks provide low-level control over hardware resources but require extensive manual tuning, resulting in poor …
Published in Recent Trends in Parallel Computing · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Monoclonal antibodies in targeted cancer therapy advances, resistance mechanisms, and next-gen formats (Bispesifics, ADCs)
Abstract: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and death worldwide, which emphasizes the need for more effective and focused treatment strategies. antibody-mediated drug delivery techniques. Specifically, antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a potential approach that combines the specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the potent cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs. By selectively targeting tumor-associated antigens, ADCs enhance drug accumulation within cancer cells while minimizing systemic toxicity associated …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Analysis and Identification of Malicious Mobile Applications Using Machines Learning
Abstract: Over the past few years, malware attacks on the Android platform have surged, posing significant risks to users' financial security, personal information, and device integrity. In the first half of 2019 alone, approximately 25 million smartphones were infected, highlighting the severity of these threats. The model ranks manifest features based on their frequency in normal and malicious apps, identifying key components that distinguish benign from malicious applications. To improve detection …
Published in Journal of Microcontroller Engineering and Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 17–24 Read article
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A Systematic Review on Leukemia Detection and Classification Techniques Using Gene Expression
Abstract: Early diagnosis of genetic diseases is crucial for effective treatment, especially in the case of Leukemia, a type of blood cancer characterized by abnormal proliferation of white blood cells. This paper presents a systematic review of recent computational techniques for the detection and classification of Leukemia using gene expression data obtained from DNA microarray analysis. The study explores diverse methodologies including machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and bio-inspired algorithms …
Published in International Journal of Genetic Modifications and Recombinations · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Ilaj bil-Ma’ (Hydrotherapy) as a Regimenal Modality in Pain Management: Conceptual Foundations in Unani Medicine and Modern Correlation
Abstract: Waja‘ (pain) is one of the most common clinical complaints encountered worldwide and remains a leading cause of disability, impaired functional capacity, and diminished quality of life. In the Unani system of medicine, pain is not considered merely a symptom but a significant manifestation of disturbed physiological balance. Classical Unani scholars describe pain as arising from derangement in Mizāj (temperament), imbalance of Akhlāṭ (humours), Sudad (obstruction within bodily channels), Waram …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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RNA- Based Drug Delivery, Current Advances, Pharmaceutical Applications, and Future Perspectives
Abstract: RNA-based therapeutics have emerged as a transformative approach in modern medicine due to their ability to regulate gene expression with high specificity and precision. Advances in molecular biology, RNA chemistry, and nanotechnology have accelerated the development of diverse RNA modalities, including messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA), antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and RNA aptamers. These therapeutics offer promising strategies for the treatment of cancer, genetic disorders, infectious diseases, …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Bone Fracture: Understanding, Therapies, and Rehabilitation
Abstract: Bone fractures are common injuries that can significantly impact an individual's quality of life. This article presents a comprehensive examination of bone fractures, encompassing their origins, categorization, and potential ramifications. This review of literature explores various therapeutic approaches and rehabilitation strategies employed in the management of bone fractures. Surgical interventions, non-surgical treatments, and rehabilitation techniques are discussed, highlighting their effectiveness in promoting healing, restoring function, and preventing complications. The article …
Published in International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing and Practices · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 24–28 Read article
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Integrating Value Education into Curriculum Development: A Comprehensive Approach
Abstract: In today's educational landscape, the necessity of incorporating value education into curriculum development has garnered heightened attention. This abstract delineates a holistic approach towards achieving this integration, acknowledging the fundamental role of values in shaping both individuals and societies. Through the integration of values within the curriculum, educational institutions strive to nurture students not merely academically, but also ethically and emotionally. The proposed approach commences with a meticulous examination of …
Published in OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 13–19 Read article
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Disease Prediction Using Ensemble Learning Models: A Comprehensive Approach
Abstract: In recent years, ensemble learning techniques have become pivotal in advancing predictive analytics within healthcare, particularly for early disease detection. The inherent variability and complexity of medical data, often characterized by high dimensionality, class imbalance, and noise, make it challenging for standalone classifiers to maintain high predictive accuracy. Ensemble learning, by integrating multiple models through bagging, boosting, or stacking, offers a more robust and generalizable approach. This study explores the …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 26–33 Read article
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Accelerating Unsupervised Feature Learning: Parallelized Training of Denoising Autoencoders
Abstract: Unsupervised representation learning has become a cornerstone of contemporary machine learning, enabling algorithms to extract informative features from un-labelled, high-dimensional data. This work investigates the efficacy of stacked denoising autoencoders (SDAEs) trained via parallelized stochastic gradient descent (SGD) as a scalable approach to feature extraction. By strategically leveraging multi-threaded computation, our study systematically examines the trade-offs between increased parallelism, training efficiency, and the preservation of model accuracy. Experiments on the …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 56–64 Read article
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Advancements in AI-Driven Sound Spectrogram Analysis: From Deep Learning to Quantum and Neuromorphic Processing
Abstract: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly reshaped the field of audio signal processing, with sound spectrogram analysis emerging as a central research focus. Spectrograms provide a rich time–frequency representation of audio signals, making them particularly suitable for data-driven learning approaches. This paper presents an in-depth and original review of modern AI-based techniques applied to spectrogram analysis, highlighting their growing impact across critical application areas such as healthcare …
Published in Journal of Multimedia Technology & Recent Advancements · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 01–06 Read article
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A Comprehensive Review on Piezoelectric Composites for Energy Harvesting and Sensing
Abstract: The capacity of piezoelectric composites to transform mechanical energy into electrical energy and vice versa has drawn a lot of interest recently. This property makes them very appealing for use in energy harvesting and sensing applications. These materials combine the high piezoelectric performance of ceramics with the mechanical flexibility and processability of polymers or other matrices, enabling a wide range of practical uses in flexible electronics, wearable systems, and embedded …
Published in International Journal of Electro-Mechanics and Material Behaviour · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 19–24 Read article
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A Systematic Review on The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Assisted Reproductive Technology
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) over the past five years, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, treatment personalization, and overall success rates. AI-driven algorithms and machine learning models have been integrated into various aspects of ART, including sperm selection, embryo grading, and predicting implantation success. Deep learning techniques have improved image-based embryo assessment, reduced human subjectivity and increased efficiency. Additionally, AI-powered predictive analytics have helped optimize ovarian stimulation …
Published in International Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Understanding of Research Bias in Herbal Medicine: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Background: The communication and generation of knowledge are central to research. In herbal medicine, with its deep historical roots, research must be methodologically rigorous and unbiased to validate traditional knowledge in modern contexts. Bias, defined as any tendency preventing objective evaluation of a research question, compromises validity and reliability. Objective: To highlight types of research bias in herbal medicine and discuss strategies for minimization to ensure credible and applicable findings. …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Herbal Science · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–35 Read article