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117 articles for “carbon”
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Multifunctional Materials for Electro-Mechanical Applications: Synergistic Integration of Strength and Conductivity
Abstract: The integration of mechanical strength and electrical conductivity within a single material system has emerged as a critical requirement in the development of next-generation multifunctional materials. These materials are increasingly sought after in fields such as aerospace, flexible electronics, energy storage, and structural health monitoring, where the traditional separation of structural and functional materials leads to inefficiencies in weight, space, and overall performance. The convergence of these properties enables compact …
Published in International Journal of Electro-Mechanics and Material Behaviour · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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A Literature Survey on Biological Activities of Thiazolidine Derivatives
Abstract: Hetercyclic compounds play a vital role in both chemical and life sciences. Among them ,thiazolidinone represent a significant class, characterized by a five- membered saturated ring containing both sulfur and nitrogen atoms. Structurally, thiazolidinones are derived from thiazole, with sulfur position at the 1-position, nitrogen at the 3-position , and a carbonyl group typically located at the 2-, 4-, or 5- position are possible, though structural and functional diversity is …
Published in International Journal of Cheminformatics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 16–21 Read article
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Chaya Plant Extract Jatropha tanjorensis: The Concepts of Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil Evaluation
Abstract: This research was carried out to study the performance of sun-dried and room dried Chaya plant extract on the remediation of crude oil contaminated soil samples from Obele Community. The parameters under investigation were Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon degraded((TPHD), pH, amount of Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Potassium, Total organic carbon. Twenty-two (22) batch reactors were used for this research with each reactor containing 1kg of soils samples contaminated with 100ml of crude …
Published in International Journal of Advance in Molecular Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 31–48 Read article
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Seasonal Variations of Air Quality Measures In Warri and Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria.
Abstract: Air quality in Urban Cities like Warri and Effurun has been deteriorating over time. The distribution levels of air pollutants in the Warri and Effurun environments may be related to both natural and man-made factors. In addition to evaluating the quality of rainwater with regard to pH, heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Cd, As, Hg, CU, Zn), and some anions (Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, CO32-), this project study aims to investigate, using …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 23–48 Read article
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Biochar: Harnessing Nature’s Charcoal for Sustainability
Abstract: As we all know, CO2 is a greenhouse gas that traps the largest amount of heat from the air, thus causing our planet Earth to get warmer and warmer. Humans raised CO2 levels over the last two centuries years, leading to climate change. India, ranked fourth globally in emitting greenhouse gases (GHGs), sees a significant portion of emissions from the agriculture sector. Burning crop stubble in states like Punjab and …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Noise and Pollution Control · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 34–38 Read article
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Effect of Cell Carrier Loading on Phenol Degradation in Association with Production of Exopolymeric Substances and Biofilm Characteristics during Start up and Steady State in a Pulsed Plate Bioreactor
Abstract: Biodegradation of phenol in a continuous pulsed plate bioreactor (PPBR) using immobilized bacterial cells has been shown to be a highly efficient process. The present paper reports the studies on the effect physical characteristics of biofilm (biofilm thickness, attached dry biomass and biofilm dry density) and chemical characteristics in terms of exopolymers viz. protein, carbohydrate and humic substance produced by Pseudomonas desmolyticum (NCIM 2112) bacterial cells immobilized on granular activated …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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Hybrid Material Systems for Flexible Electronics Electro-Mechanical Performance and Future Prospects
Abstract: Flexible electronics are transforming the landscape of modern electronic systems, enabling devices that are lightweight, stretchable, and adaptable to complex surfaces. These technologies are particularly impactful in applications such as wearable health monitors, soft robotics, energy harvesting systems, and implantable biomedical devices. At the heart of this evolution are hybrid material systems—engineered composites that combine organic polymers and inorganic nanomaterials to achieve synergistic electro-mechanical properties. These materials address the limitations …
Published in International Journal of Electro-Mechanics and Material Behaviour · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Advances in Membrane Technology: A Comprehensive Review of Materials, Processes, and Applications
Abstract: Membrane technology has become a critical platform for sustainable separation processes across water treatment, energy generation, chemical processing, and healthcare. Over recent decades, advances in materials, fabrication methods, and process design have dramatically expanded the performance, efficiency, and applications of membrane-based systems. Polymeric membranes dominate the industry due to cost-effectiveness and scalability, while ceramic, metallic, and composite membranes offer enhanced thermal and chemical resistance for specialized environments. Nanostructured and bio-inspired …
Published in International Journal of Membranes · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Azepines, Chemistry, Synthesis and Reactions
Abstract: Azepines, which consist of a seven-membered cyclic compound featuring six carbon atoms, an additional nitrogen atom, and no double bonds between carbons, form a diverse group within organic chemistry. The fully hydrated form of this compound is called azepam (C6H13N). Compounds and their variants play crucial roles in pharmaceutical research due to their biologic attributes like cancer-fighting, bacteria-killing, fungus-busting, virus-suppressing, and inflammation-reducing capabilities. Various organic molecules found within nature draw …
Published in International Journal of Minerals · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 35–45 Read article
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Persistent Atmospheric and Ecosystem Impacts of Enteric Methane Emissions from Intensive Livestock Production Systems
Abstract: Enteric methane emissions from intensive livestock production systems exert a significant long-lasting influence on atmospheric stability and ecosystem integrity. Recent observations confirm that global methane emissions continued to rise through the early 2020s, with total emissions exceeding 620 teragrams per year by 2024, driven by expanding ruminant production and associated feed systems. Anthropogenic sources accounted for more than 330 teragrams per year, reflecting sustained growth in agricultural and fossil fuel …
Published in International Journal of Atmosphere · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 18–38 Read article
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Injection Pressure Optimization for Non-edible Biodiesel Blends in CRDI Engines: A Comparative Study
Abstract: The growing demand for clean and sustainable energy has increased interest in biodiesel produced from non-edible oil sources. These fuels are renewable, biodegradable, and do not compete with food resources. However, the effective use of biodiesel blends in modern diesel engines requires proper control of fuel injection parameters, particularly injection pressure. In common rail direct injection (CRDI) engines, injection pressure strongly influences spray formation, air–fuel mixing, combustion behaviour, and exhaust …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Production Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 24–34 Read article
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Recent Advancements and Current Status of Hydrogen Fuel Cells: Materials, Systems, Applications, and Commercialization Prospects
Abstract: In the transportation, stationary electricity, and industrial sectors, hydrogen fuel cells have become a crucial clean-energy technology that can help achieve worldwide decarbonization. Significant progress has been made in catalyst design, membrane engineering, stack architecture, system optimization, and hydrogen generation pathways throughout the last ten years (2018–2025). Platinum group metal (PGM) loading has been significantly reduced, single-atom and transition-metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts for oxygen reduction have been developed (Wu et al., …
Published in International Journal of Electro-Mechanics and Material Behaviour · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 6–24 Read article
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Integrating Livestock for Enhancing Sustainability of Soil, Water and Agroecosystem: Implications from a One Health Perspective
Abstract: Livestock systems play a pivotal role in sustaining environmental health, enhancing ecosystem services, and supporting agricultural productivity. Well-managed integration of livestock into agroecosystems contributes to soil fertility through organic matter deposition, microbial stimulation, and nutrient cycling, while improving soil structure and long-term productivity. Grazing and pasture management regulate water infiltration, retention, and hydrological balance, mitigating soil erosion and enhancing water-use efficiency. Livestock also promote biodiversity by maintaining habitat heterogeneity, facilitating …
Published in International Journal of Sustainability · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Experimental Validation and Implementation Framework for Optimized Methane Yield Prediction in Anaerobic Digestion
Abstract: The correct validation and realistic application of optimized anaerobic digestion (AD) models are essential steps in transferring biogas production systems to real-life. This paper outlines an experimental validation and deployment pipeline of an AI-optimized model of the methane yield prediction model based on the application of more advanced machine learning and Bayesian optimization methods. Others The validated surrogate-assisted optimization model was tested with controlled laboratory-scale AD experiments at optimized operating …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Noise and Pollution Control · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–32 Read article
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Synthesis of A Supercapacitor Based on Nanomaterials
Abstract: Demand for various energy storage technologies in electronic and electrical devices continuously goes on increasing. In that context, objective of this research work is to develop and test an electrode of a energy storage module (supercapacitor) using nickel hydroxide and carbon-based nanocomposite materials. Electrochemical performance of electrode is enhanced by optimizing synthesis parameters and designing the electrochemical cell. Conventional and all solid-state supercapacitors are developed with notable electrochemical performance. Pure …
Published in International Journal of Electro-Mechanics and Material Behaviour · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 24–39 Read article
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Fungi in the Global Bioeconomy: Harnessing the R Potential Across Agriculture, Medicine, Industry, and Environmental Sustainability
Abstract: One of the most diverse and functionally versatile groups of living organisms, fungi has played a significant role in maintaining ecological balance, human well-being, agricultural production, and industrial processes. Despite their vast potential, the use of fungi systems in solving some of the most serious challenges facing the world today, such as climate change, food security, and AMR, is still in its infancy. New developments in genomics, biotechnology, and systems …
Published in International Journal of Fungi · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 20–27 Read article
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Bioethanol and Beyond: A Comprehensive Review on Sustainable Biofuels for Global Energy Demands and Environmental Conservation
Abstract: This comprehensive review explores the concept of "biofuels," specifically focusing on energy-enriched chemicals generated through biological processes or derived from the biomass of living organisms, including microalgae, plants, and bacteria. As the global population continues to increase, there is a growing demand for more energy supplies to enhance the quality of life. Biofuels, harnessed from various sources such as sugar, starch, and organic waste, have emerged as potential solutions to …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Modeling of the Mechanism of Generating Processes of Water Electrolysis and Photosynthesis with Solar Energy Used for Productions of Gas Oxygen and Hydrogen, of Concentrate of the High-calorie Microalgae Chlorella, and for Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Abstract: The use of solar energy for generation of the process of water electrolysis, permitting the oxygen and hydrogen gases production, concentration of the high-calorie fast productive Chlorella microalgae, and industrial wastewater treatment is the most promising direction today. This is explained by the complete absence of electrical energy consumption for the implementation of these industrial technological projects. No less interesting is the process of photosynthesis of phytoplankton cells, which also …
Published in International Journal of Advance in Molecular Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 7–21 Read article
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A Review of IoT-enabled Smart Street Light Power Management Systems: Challenges and Opportunities
Abstract: In the contemporary world, people expect all their demands to be satisfied. To address this human desire, scientific and technological developments are accelerating. One important factor in the quick development of technology is the Internet of Things (IoT). The goal of smart led street lighting systems is to create and implement cutting-edge IOT developments for energy-saving street lighting. Automation of street lighting is the best way to reduce electrical power …
Published in International Journal of Solid State Innovations & Research · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Optimizing Power Generation from Building Ventilation Systems: A Study on Exhaust Fan Efficiency
Abstract: Due to population growth, the world's energy consumption has increased dramatically in both wealthy and developing nations in recent years, and by 2042, it is predicted to have doubled or more. Since a few years ago, the use of innovative sustainable power sources to meet energy demands has been gradually increasing. We've chipped away at a different idea because of this. As an alternative energy source, renewable energy (RE) resources …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power and Machine Systems · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 22–27 Read article