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559 articles for “and Toxicity.”
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Chemical Composition and Toxicity Profile of the Essential Oils of Bosqueia angolensis Ficalho and Berlinia grandiflora (Vahl) Hutch & Dalziel
Abstract: The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the leaves and stem bark of Bosqueia angolensis (Moraceae) and Berlinia grandiflora (Fabaceae) using hydrodistillation were analysed using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. The percentage yields of the essential oils are: B. angolensis leaves (0.53%), B. angolensis stem bark (0.49%), B. grandiflora leaves (0.45%) and B. grandiflora stem bark (0.51%). A total of 10 and four compounds representing 84.3% and 96.1% …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 15–20 Read article
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Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Fluoride and Aluminum on Plant and Animal Models
Abstract: Ecotoxicological studies revealed aluminum (Al2SO4. 24 H2O) to be more toxic than fluoride (NaF) on a battery of test organisms (EC/LC50 of Al = 0.308 1.46 ppm; F = 116.6 232.8 ppm). During chronic exposure (Al = 3 ppm, F = 10 ppm for 60 90 days), there was reduction in growth parameters of organisms at different trophic levels in a food chain such as producers {dry weights (6.7 29.0) …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 1–19 Read article
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Toxic Potential of Carbaryl on Reproductive and Fertility Parameter in Male Wister Albino Rats
Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the adverse effect of carbaryl on reproductive system of male Wister albino rats. Adult male Wister albino rats were orally administered with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight of carbaryl for 90 days. Animals from each group were sacrificed after the study period. Sperm count, sperm motility, antioxidant assay (SOD, CAT, LPO, and protein carbonyl), Hormones assay histological analysis and fertility parameters were performed …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Toxicological Effect of Khat (Catha edulis) in Male Reproductive System
Abstract: In this project paper, databases such as Pubmed, Medline, Hinary and Google search, were systematically searched for literature on the different aspects of Catha edulis (Khat) to synthesize, review, and present various research publications on the toxicology to document the effect of khat consumption on the histology and function of male reproductive system. The euphoric effects have been demonstrated to arise from the main constituent, (-)-S cathinone. Detailed studies on …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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In Vivo and In Vitro Antioxidative Efficacy of Naringenin on Cadmium -Induced Toxicity in Rats
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the in vivo circulating antioxidants level such as vitamin C, vitamin E and GSH in Cadmium (Cd) induced toxic rats and the protective efficacy of naringenin via in vitro free radical scavenging assays. In this investigation cadmium chloride (5 mg/kg body weight (b.w) was administered orally (p.o) for 28 days to induce toxicity. Naringenin was pre-administered orally (50 mg/kg body weight) for …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2013 · pp. 9–16 Read article
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Assessment of Diuretic Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Matricaria Chamomilla (Linn.) and Its Phytochemical Analysis with Emphasis on Toxicology
Abstract: While the traditional medicines are derived from medicinal plants, minerals and organic matter, the herbal drugs are prepared from medicinal plants only. This current research work will be very beneficial in figuring out the Matricaria chamomilla leaves extract diuretic effect by determining the ions and electrolyte excreted by the animals using ion selective channel inhibition. The phytochemical screening results revealed that the after which it was observed whether the alkaloids …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Chemical Profile and Toxicity of Fresh and Dry leaves of the Essential Oils of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash. From Southwest Nigeria
Abstract: The fresh and dry leaves of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash (Gramineae) plant was collected, air dried and authenticated at the University of Ibadan Herbarium with voucher number: UIH-23237. The plant's dried, fresh leaves were hydro distilled in a Clevenger device to extract the essential oils. The oils were characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC – MS) while the toxicity of the essential oils was tested using brine shrimps’ lethality assay. …
Published in Recent Trends in Cosmetics · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 44–49 Read article
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Toxicokinetics of Herbicide Residues in Green Forages: Implications for Fertility, Health, and Welfare of Dairy Cows
Abstract: Herbicide residues in green roughages have emerged as a significant concern in dairy production due to their potential toxicokinetic interactions and detrimental effects on reproductive health. While herbicides are widely used to control weeds and enhance fodder yield, their persistence in forage poses a latent risk to dairy cattle fertility. This review explores the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of herbicide residues in dairy cows, emphasizing their bioaccumulation and systemic …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 48–64 Read article
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Prospective Evaluation of the Optimal Concentration and Effect of Epinephrine as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthetics for Prolonging Block Duration and Reducing Systemic Toxicity in Outpatient Surgery
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the optimal concentration and effect of epinephrine as an adjuvant to local anesthetics for prolonging block duration and reducing systemic toxicity in outpatient surgery. Methods: The study involved a randomized double-blind clinical trial on 80 adult patients awaiting day-care extremity surgery. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups of equal size. One group, Group E, was given the local anesthetic agent along with epinephrine as an …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 64–69 Read article
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Review on the Effects of Chemical Compounds Toxicity on Workers in Chemical Laboratories.
Abstract: Chemical laboratories are considered high-risk work environments due to the wide range of chemicals that workers handle, which may be toxic, corrosive, or flammable. Improper handling of these substances can lead to serious health problems, ranging from mild irritation to death in cases of exposure to chemical compounds such as phenols and amines, which cause various types of lung and laryngeal cancers and respiratory diseases in laboratory workers who are …
Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 17–26 Read article
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Removal of Toxic Metals from Industrial Wastewater by using Natural Adsorbent
Abstract: Heavy metal pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problem nowadays. Numerous investigation have been conducted for removing heavy metals by utilizing agricultural waste which have caught more attraction for its advantages and removal efficiency. Treatment process for removal of toxic metals include Bioadsorption, Precipitation, Ion Exchange, Reverse osmosis, Electrochemical treatment, Membrane Filtration, Evaporation, Flotation, Oxidation. Instead of using commercial materials, we have worked on inexpensive materials such …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 35–40 Read article
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Toxicological and Pharmacological Effect of Khadirarista in Animal Model
Abstract: AbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate the toxicological and pharmacological aspects of the popular Ayurvedic preparation Khadirarista (KDR). Khadirarista was administered orally to male albino rat. After 46 days of treatment period, animals were fasted for 18 h after the last administration. Biochemical studies including; total protein, serum albumin, blood urea nitrogen, bilirubin, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were conducted. Triglyceride and creatinine levels were …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 61–67 Read article
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Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Induced by Diclofenac Sodium in a Dental Patient: A Case Report
Abstract: Diclofenac sodium is a widely prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in dental practice. Propionic acid derivatives and oxicams have been reported to be associated with erythema multiforme and Steven-Johnson syndrome. Here the authors present a rare case report of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) induced by diclofenac sodium. The patient presented in dental clinic with toothache for which planned tooth extraction was done under antibiotic cover. Post extraction, patient was prescribed diclofenac …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2013 · pp. 27–29 Read article
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Effects of multiglutine during cancer chemotherapy on gastrointestinal toxicity and liver dysfunction
Abstract: Introduction: Cancer chemotherapy causes severe side effects in almost patients by inhibiting various systems including the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal and nervous systems. Recently, glutamine has been considered to improve the side effects of cancer chemotherapy. Calcium and magnesium also have positive effects in cancer patients. In this study, we evaluated effects of multiglutine, which consists of glutamic acid and metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, on gastrointestinal toxicity and liver dysfunction …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Protective Role of Sulforaphane against Multiorgan Toxicity in Rats: An In-vivo and In-vitro Review Study
Abstract: Sulforaphane [1-isothiocyanate-(4R) -(methylsulfinyl) butane] is a natural dietary isothiocyanate produced by the enzymatic accomplishment of the myrosinase on glucopharanin, a 4-methylsulfinylbutyl glucosinolate contained in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, brussel sprouts, and cabbage. Exploring of this compound against various oxidative degenerative diseases such as hepatic, nephro and cardiac diseases is growing because of its anticarcinogenic and cytoprotective properties. In several invivo and invitro experimental paradigms proved SFN and its compounds …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Waste Water Farming of Bottle Gourd and Lady’s Finger Induces Dietary Toxicity
Abstract: Objective: A large number of farmers are growing different vegetables and supplying them to the Solapur market. The majority of these farms are located on the banks of “nullah”, whose water is used for irrigation. From, a farm field in Degaon, a village on the Solapur-Mangalvedha road and on the bank of “nullah”, two fruit vegetables viz. bottle gourd (Dhoodhi bhopala) and lady’s finger (Bhendi) are evaluated in this study. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 21–30 Read article
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Cyto-toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles on A Bacterial Population Isolated From Lakewater
Abstract: Due to the increased industrial and consumer applications, there is growing concern regarding the possible risk associated with their environmental exposure. Silver nanoparticles are considered to be toxic both to environment and human beings after a permissible limit. The aim of the present study was to explore the difference in toxicity mechanism of Silver nanoparticles (NPs) at low concentrations (≤1 μg/mL), in a lake-water bacterial consortia containing Bacillus marisflavi and …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 22–25 Read article
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Treatment of Korean Panax Ginseng against Cisplatin-Induced Toxicity in Rats Haematological and Histological Examination of Liver, Spleen and Kidney
Abstract: Vital goal of all anti-cancer therapies are to prevent the incidence of side effects either through more selective therapeutic methodology that target only neoplastic cells or through the use of complementary or alternative medicine. Present study investigated the effects of Panax ginseng (PG) on cisplatin-induced haematological and histopathological (liver, kidney and spleen) changes in rats. Rats were administered with PG (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) before or after an intraperitoneal injection …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 35–39 Read article
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Toxicity Assessment of Pendimethalin with Reference to Biochemical Alteration (Carbohydrate, Lipid) of Fresh Water Fish Channa punctatus (Bloch)
Abstract: Pendimethalin, a weedicide is a potential toxic pollutant, adversely affecting the fauna of aquatic ecosystem. The Channa punctatus were exposed to pendimethalin to determine LC50 values for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and to study the behavioral changes. The aim of present study was to assess the 96 hours acute toxicity level of pendimethalin. The LC50 was determined by Finnyl’s Probit analysis. According to graphical plots, the 50% mortality …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 21–25 Read article
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Environmental and Toxicological Implications of Dyes: A Mini Review
Abstract: Synthetic dyes are extensively used in industries – such as textiles, leather, paper, and food processing – due to their vibrant colors and high chemical stability. However, the large-scale release of dye-containing wastewater has become a significant environmental and health concern. Owing to their complex chemical structures, most synthetic dyes are highly resistant to biodegradation, resulting in their long-term persistence in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Their accumulation in water bodies …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 70–77 Read article