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86 articles for “Direct bonding”
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Passive Capillary Flow of Aqueous Working Liquids in the PMMA Sudden Expansion Microchannels
Abstract: In this report, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as polymer is used to fabricate the sudden expansion microchannels. Maskless lithography and hot embossing lithography are used for pattern transfer resulting into the fabrication of PMMA microchannel structures. Direct bonding is used as the sealing method. Aqueous ethanol and aqueous isopropyl alcohol (IPA) are prepared as aqueous working liquids. The capillary flow characteristics are studied in total 4 individual sudden expansion microchannels, using the …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 17–20 Read article
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Short Report on the Microfluidic Flow in Gradual Expansion Microchannel Fabricated by Nano-imprint Lithography towards the Probable Applications in Nanofluidics
Abstract: In this experimental work, a single gradual expansion microchannel is fabricated by polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using the maskless lithography, nano-imprint lithography and direct bonding technique. In this research paper, examples of contact lithography and non-contact lithography are mentioned. Dyed ethanol is prepared as working liquid. Surface-driven capillary flow of dyed ethanol is recorded by a CMOS camera. This work is a real-life demonstration of microfluidic flow after the fabrication of microchannel …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 12–15 Read article
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Experimental Demonstration on Polymer based Microfluidics at the First Quantisation in Physics
Abstract: Difference between classical mechanics and quantum mechanics is the first quantisation in physics as the quantum theory is first quantisation in physics. Quantum field theory is the second quantisation in physics. Principles of fluid mechanics belong to the classical mechanics (non-quantum). Hence, fluid mechanics is present at the first quantisation in physics. Bulk-fluidics, microfluidics and nanofluidics are the levels of fluid mechanics from the aspects of miniaturisation. In this experimental …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Interference of Components in Metallic Diffusion
Abstract: Eight different pairs of metals which diffuse in each other in a solid state composition and make a homogenous or heterogeneous mixture are considered for deeper understanding of diffusion phenomenon, w.r.t. direction of diffusion, etc. Further the authors interpret which factors are responsible for the metal and/or more specifically which metal atom will be active in the diffusion process. The analysis evidenced number of breakage of bonds in the substrate …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 23–30 Read article
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Critical Review on Basalt Fibre as Reinforcement in Different Applications
Abstract: Basalt fiber (BF), derived from volcanic rocks, has emerged as an attractive reinforcement material due to its remarkable properties, including high strength, stiffness, thermal stability, and eco-friendliness. This review critically examines the applications of BF as reinforcement in various fields, such as civil engineering, aerospace, automotive, and biomedical sectors. The performance of BF-reinforced composites in terms of mechanical, thermal, electrical, and biological properties is evaluated. The challenges and opportunities associated …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 · pp. 670–685 Read article
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The Effect of the Cyclic Steam Stimulation on the Thermal Cement Bond: Cased Hole Wire Logging Evaluation (Segmented versus Original) Tools
Abstract: When focusing on the oil thermal well life integrity, One of the current trends is to optimize the use of the innovative solutions in order to improve the quality of the cement bonding (i.e. cement to pipe bond and formation). This trend is in a trail application in Fula North East thermal wells in Sudanese oilfields. The objective of this paper is to discuss how the Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS) …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 50–60 Read article
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Comprehensive In silico Analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in Human BDNF Gene
Abstract: Since a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with the BDNF gene mutations involved in different diseases. Hence, it is important to find out the probable functional SNPs before planning a larger population study. So, to look out for the functional nsSNPs (non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms) in BDNF gene, existing data present in the dbSNP database and different bioinformatics tools like SIFT, PolyPhen, nsSNPAnalyzer, F-SNP, I-mutant, Pymol were …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 128–139 Read article
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Radiopharmaceuticals use as a nuclear medicine for a Treatment of Disease
Abstract: Radiopharmaceuticals are radioactive substances that contain a bonded radionuclide with the intention of directing the radionuclide to a specific place for treatment or imaging. Radiopharmaceuticals are employed in nuclear medicine for cancer therapy as well as other therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Therefore, the primary goal of this study is to identify the key metal complexes and radioactive elements utilized in radiopharmaceutical applications. The sodium and methylenediphosphonate (MDP-99mTc) complexes, along with …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 17–21 Read article
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Mechanical Characterization of Untreated Banana Fiber Reinforced PLA Bio-Composites Manufactured by 3D Printing
Abstract: This study investigates the development and mechanical characterization of fused deposition modeling (FDM) filaments utilizing polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with untreated banana fibers (BF). To address the brittleness of pure PLA and valorize agricultural waste, composite filaments with fiber loadings of 0, 1, 3, and 5 wt.% were fabricated using a single-screw extruder. A Taguchi L16 orthogonal array was employed to optimize printing parameters, including fiber percentage, raster angle, infill …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 Read article
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Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Three Different Generations of Adhesive to Dentin: An In Vitro Study
Abstract: The clinical use of resin composites has expanded considerably over the past few years due to increased esthetic demands by patients, new improved formulations, and simplification of bonding procedures. Novel resin composites benefits from improved filler technology and modifications of the organic matrix for a greater degree of polymerization .Improved marginal sealing around composites has reduced the frequency of unfavorable postoperative responses. The sealing ability of a composite restoration is …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 9–17 Read article
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Study of Influence of Corrosion and Cracking on Bond Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Member
Abstract: Reinforced concrete, as composite material has occupied special place in the modern construction of different type of structure. Reinforced concrete is inherently durable and near maintenance free construction material. Service life of reinforced concrete structure can be significantly reduced when the corrosion of reinforcing steel is initiated; the product of corrosion expands and occupies greater volume than original volume of steel, eventually causes cracking of concrete. The composite action of …
Published in Journal of Structural Engineering and Management · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 58–67 Read article
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Anisotropic Debye-Waller Factors and Debye Temperatures in Hexagonal Close-Packed Elements: A Comprehensive Compilation and Analysis
Abstract: In this study, we have investigated the anisotropic behavior of Debye-Waller factors (DWFs) and Debye temperatures (DTs) in three distinct materials: hexagonal rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), and thallium (Tl). We conducted a comparative analysis, aligning our experimental data on directional Debye temperatures with theoretical calculations. This exercise provided valuable insights into the concurrence between practical and theoretical approaches, thereby offering a critical evaluation of the accuracy and reliability of theoretical …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 12, 2023 · pp. 32–39 Read article
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Advanced Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: Processing, Nano-Modified Adhesive Technologies, Interfacial Engineering, Durability, and Structural Applications—A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are considered to be one of the most universal categories of advanced engineering materials owing to their unique properties such as outstanding strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, fatigue durability, and wide opportunities for design. Innovations in the fields of fiber reinforcement, polymer matrix system, composite manufacturing technologies, and nano-modified adhesives technology have greatly extended the range of applications of this type of materials in aerospace, automotive, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 980–990 Read article
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Direct Synthetic Routes of MXenes and Their Application in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRPs) As Supplementary Sizing Layer†
Abstract: Sized carbon fibers with a supplementary sizing layer of MXenes (synthesized via traditional MAX phases), bonded to carbon fibers (CFs) as well as the resin matrix via different kinds of physicochemical (van der Waals force, hydrogen bonding, covalent bonding) interactions enhanced the performance of the resulting carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) materials. This is because of the strong interface generated due to the appearance of MXene at the interface of …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 07–13 Read article
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Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) as a Sustainable Cementitious Composite for Retrofitting Concrete Structures: A Systematic Review
Abstract: This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) as a sustainable material for repairing and retrofitting damaged concrete structures. LC3 is highlighted as a low-carbon alternative to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), offering improved strength, bonding, and long-term durability. The review compiles and analyzes data from peer-reviewed experimental studies focusing on LC3’s mechanical performance, interface bonding, and durability parameters. Results consistently show higher bond strength, reduced shrinkage, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 163–174 Read article
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An In-Depth Analysis of Nanocomposites and Their Uses
Abstract: A nanocomposite material is composed of several phases with at least one, two, or three dimensions at the nanoscale. When material dimensions are shrunk to the nanoscale level, phase interfaces are created, and they are essential for enhancing the material's qualities. The surface area to volume ratio of the reinforced material used in the production of nanocomposites has a direct impact on our understanding of the relationship between structure and …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 24, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 15–33 Read article
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Temperature Rise within the Pulp Chamber During Curing Resin based Composite By LED and QTH Light Curing Units: An In vitro Study
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the change in temperature within the pulp space during curing of composite resins using light emitting diode (LED) and quartz tungsten halogen curing units (QTH) under varying remaining dentin thickness. 60 human mandibular molars were taken and distal root of each sample was resected and the thermocouple probe was placed in the roof of the pulp space. The root was immersed in a …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2012 · pp. 14–22 Read article
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Investigation of the independent and combined roles of Gr and ZrO₂ on strengthening behaviour of Al-7075 Composites
Abstract: This study investigates the effect of individual and hybrid reinforcements on the mechanical and microstructural behaviour of Al7075 composite fabricated using the 2-step stir-casting technique. Four compositions were made with the base Al-7075, Al-7075 3 weight % ZrO2, and Al-7075 3 weight % Gr as well as a hybrid composite Al7075 with 3 wt.% Gr, 3 wt.% ZrO2. 2-step stir-casting was used to increase the wettability of the particles, decrease …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1060–1075 Read article
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Recent Progress in Magnesium Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites: Processing, Properties, and Applications
Abstract: Magnesium hybrid composites have emerged as promising materials to meet the growing demands of advanced sectors such as biomedical, aerospace, defense, automotive, electronics, and marine industries. However, the inherent drawbacks of magnesium, specifically low wear resistance, have encouraged scientists to develop magnesium-based MMC with improved mechanical properties and thermal properties. To achieve this, various mixtures of reinforcement are employed. These include ceramics with high strength and wear resistance; solid lubricants …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1287–1301 Read article
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Green Finance and India’s Climate Commitments: Aligning Financial Systems with Sustainable Development Goals
Abstract: India’s commitment to addressing climate change, as reflected in its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), net-zero ambitions, and alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), has placed green finance at the center of the country’s sustainable development agenda. Green finance involves directing capital and investment flows toward projects and initiatives that are environmentally sustainable. It supports efforts to reduce climate-related risks, enhance resilience to environmental changes, and promote economic …
Published in International Journal of Sustainability · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 49–54 Read article