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641 articles for “production cost”
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Polymeric Microfluidic Chips for Rapid Point-of-Care Diagnostic Testing
Abstract: Polymeric microfluidic chips have emerged as promising platforms for rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostic testing by integrating sample preparation, fluid manipulation, biochemical reactions, and signal detection within compact and potentially low-cost devices. Their compatibility with materials such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), and polymer–paper composites provide considerable flexibility in device design and manufacturing. Advances in soft lithography, injection moulding, hot embossing, laser …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Herbal Dusting Powders: A Comprehensive Review of Benefits, Applications, and Market Trends
Abstract: Herbal dusting powders are gaining popularity as a natural alternative to conventional talcum powders, offering benefits such as moisture absorption, soothing skin irritations, and preventing friction. This review article explores the multifaceted aspects of herbal dusting powders, focusing on their composition, therapeutic benefits, sustainability, regulatory considerations, and consumer trends. The article delves into the wide array of herbal ingredients used in these powders, including neem, chamomile, lavender, and sandalwood, each …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Herbal Science · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 21–27 Read article
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Transforming Waste into Value: The Role of Discarded Waste in Sustainable Paver Block Production
Abstract: Concrete is the primary material used in building construction, but significant waste is generated during the demolition of structures. The increasing activities in the construction sector and manufacturing industries have led to a rise in waste production. This review paper explores the potential of utilizing Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste in the production of sustainable paver blocks, addressing the pressing environmental challenge of the estimated 12-14 million tonnes of construction …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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An Overview of New Coastal Research Vessel (N-CRV) Dry Dock and Construction
Abstract: A New Coastal Research Vessel (N-CRV) is a specialized ship designed for scientific research in fields like oceanography, geology, biology, and atmospheric studies, equipped with specific facilities and accommodations for sea missions. This paper discusses the coastal research ship dry-dock, construction, and design process, which involves three stages: concept, preliminary, and contract design. N-CRV must utilize scientific cruise, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) survey, deployment, data collection, and seawater sample collection …
Published in Journal of Offshore Structure and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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AR Coatings in Solar Efficiency: A Study
Abstract: In the global race toward renewable energy dominance, the focus often fixes upon the exotic materials within the photovoltaic cell: silicon type, junction structure, or emergent perovskites. Yet, the most immediate and profound efficiency gains are often secured by a layer so thin it is invisible, a film of optimized material applied directly to the glass interface: the Anti-Reflective (AR) coating. These coatings are not merely an expensive aesthetic choice; …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 26–35 Read article
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Animal Detection in Farms Using Opencv
Abstract: Agriculture plays a fundamental role in sustaining the Indian economy, providing employment and livelihood to a large portion of the population. Despite advancements in farming techniques, one of the persistent challenges faced by farmers is the intrusion of wild animals into agricultural fields. Such intrusions often lead to large-scale crop damage, financial loss, and emotional distress for farmers. Traditional animal deterrent methods, such as manual patrolling, fences, or scarecrows, have …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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A Detailed Survey of Machine Learning Applications, Methods, and Future Prospects in Agriculture
Abstract: Agriculture is undergoing a digital transformation driven by machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence. The integration of ML techniques with data from sensors, drones, satellites, and IoT devices has enabled precision agriculture, early disease detection, optimized resource use, and improved yield prediction. This paper presents a comprehensive review of machine learning applications in modern agriculture, covering key areas such as crop monitoring, soil analysis, irrigation scheduling, pest, and disease detection, …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 39–45 Read article
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Pinch Analysis of Acetone Production Process Using Aspen Energy Analyzer
Abstract: This article is divided into two parts. In the first part a process flow diagram for the production of Acetone was designed with Aspen HYSYS. Acetone obtained is 94.6% pure and the designed plant is safe to environment with less emissions. In the second part HEN (Heat exchanger networks) was developed for the process plant by performing pinch analysis using Aspen Energy Analyzer. Retrofit analysis was applied to find an …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 25–33 Read article
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Colour Removal from Effluents Using Micromaterials
Abstract: In this study, the ability of Micromaterials to adsorb color from an aqueous solution was investigated by using flocculants and activated carbon prepared from Rice Bran, an agricultural by-product, and batch mode adsorption experiments were conducted. The influence of various factors such as initial concentration (20, 40, 60, 80 mg/L), contact time, pH (4.0-9.0), and dosage on the adsorption capacity was investigated and optimal experimental conditions were ascertained. Adsorption data …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Microwave Curing of Glass-Epoxy Composites Using Silica Based Moulds
Abstract: AbstractFor polymer composite product manufacture, curing of the fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) is a critical step in achieving desired mechanical properties. The conventional cure processes involve thermal curing in hot air ovens and autoclaves where the cure process is time and energy intensive. In this context, microwave curing is one of the most promising processing methods since it results in substantially reducing cure cycle time, energy requirements and operational costs …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 52–57 Read article
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STUDIES ON MECHANICAL, THERMAL AND PERMEATION PROPERTIES OF HDPE (BLOW GRADE) WITH MICROSILICA CLAY
Abstract: HDPE is widely used in container applications. The mechanical properties and barrier properties can be further improved by the addition of reinforcements like nanoclays. But, however the cost of nanoclays are higher about Rs.5000 – 6000/kg whereas micro silica cost is economical about Rs.450-1000/kg. Hence we used micro silica of 270nm particle size in this project with HDPE blow grade. HDPE (High density polyethylene) was melt blended with micro silica …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 41–53 Read article
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Integrating Biotechnology, Physiology, and Agroecological Practices for Sustainable Crop Production and Protection
Abstract: Global agriculture is currently confronting a wide range of complex challenges, including a rapidly growing population, climate change, increasing pest and disease pressures, soil degradation, water scarcity, and the urgent need for sustainable intensification of crop production. Addressing these issues requires integrated strategies that combine crop improvement (through modern breeding and biotechnology), precision agronomic practices related to soil, irrigation, and nutrition, as well as advancements in plant physiology, molecular biology, …
Published in International Journal of Trends in Horticulture · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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PV-Powered Bicycle for Health and Pollution Concern
Abstract: AbstractThe concern over the fast depleting non-renewable energy sources and the heavy toll on human health as well as alarming rate of environmental pollution and global warming has finally made the automobile industry look for cleaner alternatives sources for fuel. The potential of new generation energy sources such as solar energy to perform equally as well, as its non- renewable competition i.e, fossil fuels is the challenge that today’s scientists …
Published in Journal of Microcontroller Engineering and Applications · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 5–13 Read article
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Innovations and Comparative Analyses in Foam Concrete: A Review of Emerging Techniques and Materials
Abstract: Foam concrete, recognized for its lightweight and eco-friendly properties, is gaining prominence as a sustainable construction material. However, challenges such as low mechanical strength, performance variability, and limited environmental resistance have prompted significant innovations in recent years. This study synthesizes findings from three key studies focused on enhancing foam concrete’s performance through nanomaterials, natural fibers, and alternative lightweight aggregates. The incorporation of nano-silica and nano-calcium carbonate into coal gangue foam …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 Read article
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A Review on Solar Multilevel Inverter for the Production of Free Energy Due to the Structure with Long-life Feature
Abstract: Multilevel inverters play a major role in medium voltage, high power and renewable applications. It is also used in certain applications where high switching frequency, and high output voltage gain are required. The switching transient period of a MOSFET should be minimal because a high dv/dt rate could result in permanent damage to the MOSFET. The harmonics present could cause many problems and so it has to be minimized. The …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Arecanut Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite
Abstract: This study investigates the mechanical performance of arecanut fiber-reinforced epoxy composites, aiming to evaluate their potential for sustainable industrial applications. Arecanut husk fibers, an agricultural waste product, were selected for their natural abundance and biodegradability. To enhance fiber-matrix bonding, the fibers were chemically treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which effectively removes lignin, hemicellulose, and other impurities, improving surface roughness and interfacial adhesion. The treated fibers were then incorporated into an …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 389–400 Read article
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A Polymer-Based Recommender System for Precision Agriculture: Enhancing Crop Yield Analysis Using IoT Technology
Abstract: This study introduces an innovative recommender system that employs polymer-based sensors combined with advanced data analytics to deliver personalized recommendations for crop management optimization. The use of polymer-based materials in sensor design allows for the creation of durable, cost-effective, and efficient sensors, well-suited for the challenging conditions typical in agricultural environments. These sensors are designed to withstand variations in numerous factors like temperature of the surrounding, humidity level, and at …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 86–95 Read article
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Reduction of Shrinkage-Porosity Defects in Sand Casting Using Finite Element Analysis: A Review
Abstract: Today production of casting is easy but market requirement is quality casting. Earlier casting is made with large no. of defects due to large no. of process parameter in casting process. Specially, to predict phase transformation is very critical. As the problem of automation in process, shortage of skill labour now a days; casting simulation requirement is high and it is identifies defects earlier without making actual casting. This process …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE BY LITHIUM BASED GLASS WASTE WITH FLY ASH
Abstract: AbstractThe cement, fly ash, and slag used in this study are local materials in compliance. The global warming is the major issue when limestone and clays are crushed and heated to high temperatures. We are using waste materials, its components, or its production process that does not cause any environmental problems, or it has high performance and life cycle sustainability. The waste material used in this research is three times …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Feasibility Studies of the Storage Devices with the Photovoltaic Systems – A Perspective
Abstract: The clean, affordable, and sustainable energy has become a need of an hour and with these requirements, if the options are scanned, the solar photovoltaics tops the chart. The worldwide production of electricity with the use of photovoltaics is increasing day by day and year by year and that too in GW range. India is also adopting practices to enhance its dependency on renewables particularly on photovoltaics and with the …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 9–13 Read article