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558 articles for “Cost Control”
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Harnessing the Potential of Virtual Instrumentation
Abstract: The Virtual Instrument (VI) uses custom software and hardware to create a user-defined measurement system, called a Virtual Instrument. Virtual instruments are similar to traditional instruments, such as multimeters, oscilloscopes, spectrum analyzers, and data acquisition systems. It has great flexibility, high performance, flexibility and low cost. Primarily, it consists of a personal computer or workstation, and Vi software such as LabVIEW, NI DAQmx, and MATLAB. This modular hardware includes data …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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Analyzing the Performance and the Emission Characteristics of Palladium Catalyst using different blends of Methanol Fuel and Nano Particles of Aluminium and Titanium Oxides
Abstract: The high cost and limited availability of precious metals prompted the automotive industry to explore alternative materials for improving catalytic converter performance. This research focuses on the development and optimization of catalytic converters designed to reduce exhaust emissions, ensuring compliance with market needs and regulatory standards. Specifically, it investigates the three-way catalytic converter in a four-stroke engine utilizing commonly available noble metals, particularly palladium as the catalyst. The best way …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1505–1517 Read article
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River Water and Soil Analysis in Noyyal River, Tirupur
Abstract: Tirupur is famous for its textile industries. Because of this, the rate of water pollution is also very high. The generation of waste water from the industries is the main reason for the waste water problems to the environment. Some industries are not adopting any proper treatment methods to avoid this pollution, because of the high treatment cost. Without giving proper treatment the waste water is dumping in to the …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 20–23 Read article
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PLC Based Smart Car Parking Barrier System
Abstract: This research paper presents an innovation of PLC-based smart car parking barrier system that is intended to improve parking management and security in urban areas. To effectively control the space efficiently & enhance the reliability of the parking system. PLCs (programmable logic controllers) are the foundation of the system, and sensors are connected to enable automated vehicle entry and exit. In this case, the up and down mechanism of barriers …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 34–38 Read article
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Heater Automation Using LabVIEW
Abstract: Water heating system is an age-old tradition being commonly used from domestic sectors to production sectors; it is a need-based requirement to develop a time and effective water heating system for use in day-to-day life. Concerning lime lighting the deficiencies in general water heating systems and improved versions of sensor-operated systems, this model has been designed. The scope of the work is specifically concerning common household water heating systems operated …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 28–38 Read article
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Overcome reservoir heterogeneity challenges by utilizing rock typing techniques
Abstract: Once a field has been identified, and a general method of reservoir exploitation decided, there are several methods to achieve the reservoir management goal. Still, some ways may cost twice as much as others. The most critical operations to developing a field are drilling of wells, and it overemphasizes which in the early stages of field development. Identifying well position and reservoir properties arrange as the most critical step for …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 33–45 Read article
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Mobility for the Exceptionals: An Adaptable Electrified Transportation System for Manual Wheelchair
Abstract: The survey for the prevalence of handicapped people in India reveals that approximately 4.52% of India’s total population is physically challenged. Among the list, about 44% of people suffer from locomotor disability. Satisfaction of their primary need will be fulfilled when they get aid to move but the main problem is that about 31% of India’s population belongs to middle class or lower middle class. Their wish to buy an …
Published in International Journal of Robotics and Automation in Mechanics · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 21–25 Read article
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AI-Based Intelligent Traffic Signal Management System: A Review
Abstract: Traffic congestion is a growing problem in urban areas worldwide, leading to economic losses, increased pollution, and commuter frustration. Traditional traffic management systems rely on fixed timing cycles and lack adaptability to real-time traffic conditions. Intelligent traffic light control systems based on artificial intelligence (AI) have become a viable substitute for traditional techniques. These systems are able to evaluate large volumes of traffic data in real time, identify patterns, and …
Published in International Journal of Electronics Automation · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Development of an Upper Limb Active Prosthetic System for Developing Countries: Accessing the Possibilities of Mahdi Hussein Design
Abstract: The increasing demand for prosthetic devices has led to the development of better controlled prosthetic devices that do not rely on manual control but a more intuitive and automatic control in which the user can make movements with ease. In actual sense for this to happen there are some processes that occur in which muscle contraction on amputated regions are read and actions are performed with ease with the aid …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 7–20 Read article
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An Overview of Elliptical Low Pass Filter by using Defected Ground Structure Method
Abstract: Calculation and differentiation of the response of elliptical low pass filter (LPF) with and without using defected ground structure (DGS) was done. In the present work, return loss, bandwidth and gain have been evaluated. All the designs are printed on the FR4 lossy substrate of dielectric constant ( ) of 4.3, substrate thickness of 1.6 mm and loss tangent of 0.02. Moreover, the effect of controlling parameters namely slots and …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 13–16 Read article
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Refrigeration System Performance and Energy Optimization in Food Preservation and Cold Chain Logistics
Abstract: A vital part of the food preservation sector, refrigeration guarantees the durability, security, and quality of perishable food items in the supply chain. The food cold chain, which encompasses the refrigeration systems used during storage, transportation, and distribution, is integral to maintaining food safety and minimizing waste. However, as the global demand for food increases and sustainability concerns rise, energy consumption in refrigeration systems presents a major challenge. Efficient refrigeration …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 22–29 Read article
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Music Reactive led using Arduino
Abstract: In recent years, the integration of technology into interactive systems has garnered significant attention. Among the many applications, music-reactive LED systems have become popular, offering dynamic visualizations that respond to audio inputs. This paper explores the development and implementation of a music-reactive LED system using Arduino, focusing on real-time audio signal processing and LED control based on the frequency spectrum of the sound. By utilizing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithms …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 27–33 Read article
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Optimizing Plasma Cutting Parameters for Thin Mild Steel Sheets of Various Thicknesses
Abstract: Plasma machining was investigated for suitability to cut thin sheets and the quality obtained was assessed. The main objective of this investigation is to machine or cut required Mild steel sheet thicknesses and to determine the surface roughness and MRR values. Traditional cutting techniques have been discovered to be costly in terms of both time and resources. This study may be valuable to car converters, such as firms that make …
Published in International Journal of Electro-Mechanics and Material Behaviour · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 23–28 Read article
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Structural Modification of Sugarcane Bagasse using Alkaline, Acid, and Bleaching Pretreatments for Enhanced Yield of Poly (1→4)-β-D-glucopyranose (Cellulose) and Hemicellulose for Utilization as Biocomposites
Abstract: Sugarcane bagasse, a lignocellulosic byproduct generated in substantial quantities by the sugar industry, represents a promising feedstock for the sustainable production of enzymes and bio-based chemicals. Its high (1→4)-β-D-glucopyranose (cellulose) content, abundant availability, and low cost make it an ideal candidate for bioconversion processes. However, the inherent recalcitrance of bagasse, primarily due to its lignin-rich matrix, necessitates effective pretreatment strategies to enhance enzymatic digestibility. This study presents a comparative investigation …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 983–992 Read article
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Comparative Studies of Three MPPT Strategies for Solar PV System
Abstract: The solar power technology is one of the most predominant technologies that serve as a major source of power supply. But, its initial cost is too high and its lesser efficiency has not made its use very attractive as an alternate. Hence, it is quite critical to use maximum power available from the solar PV panel and operate it at its highest energy conversion output. For this, the solar PV …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 24–34 Read article
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Eco-Design Approaches in Modern Machine Tool Construction
Abstract: In the contemporary landscape of manufacturing, sustainability is no longer optional; it is imperative. Within this context, machine tool construction presents a unique set of challenges and opportunities: these heavy, energy-intensive pieces of capital equipment operate across long lifecycles, consume substantial embodied energy and materials, and eventually require disposal or remanufacture. This study explores eco-design approaches tailored specifically to modern machine tools, covering the full lifecycle from material sourcing and …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 23–29 Read article
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Short Review on Lubrication Coatings and Reduction in Friction
Abstract: Specialized Epoxy coatings with a low coefficient of friction can be applied to metal, glass, and plastic substrates. They produce long-lasting, slick surfaces that prevent wear and abrasion. These friction compounds are corrosion-resistant, chemically inert, and simple to maintain. Products are made to cut down on repair costs and increase element life. The coating is just a protective layer that is put to an object's surface, also known as the …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 28–32 Read article
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Optimize Throughput by Estimating Optimal Packet Length for Wireless Sensor Node
Abstract: AbstractA Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is employed for monitoring and control of distributed sensing points with the use of Sensor Nodes (SN). The sensor nodes form a wireless network to disseminate the sensed data over to the base station for its processing and analysis. For a wireless network, effective and efficient communication of data from the sensor node to base station plays a vital role in estimating the life of …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 37–45 Read article
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Dioxin Sources, Types, Toxicity, and Removal Technologies: A Review
Abstract: This review provides a comprehensive investigation of dioxin, an endocrine-disrupting compound, and its impacts on environment and human health. Dioxin have antagonistic effects on hormones. It is pivotal to identify the origin of dioxin exposure for the well-being of environment and human health. Hence, the sources of dioxin, its dispersion, concentrations in air, water and soil medias, and health effects are discussed in detail. Endocrine disrupting compounds are categorized into …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 11–19 Read article
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Optimizing Silage Quality: Best Practices for Maximum Nutrient Retention and Sustainable Dairy Development
Abstract: Silage is a critical component in dairy production systems, offering a consistent and high-quality feed source throughout the year. Optimizing silage quality begins in the field, requiring strategic practices to maximize nutrient retention and support sustainable dairy development. This study reviews best practices across silage production stages, including crop selection, timely harvesting, precise chopping, controlled fermentation, and efficient storage techniques. Emphasis is placed on achieving the ideal moisture content, reducing …
Published in International Journal of Nutritions · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 Read article