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79 articles for “carbon number”
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Performance, Emission, and Combustion Evaluation of Chlorella Vulgaris Biodiesel-Diesel Blends in a Compression Ignition Engine
Abstract: This study examines, without modifying the engine, the performance, emissions, and combustion properties of biodiesel blends made from Chlorella vulgaris microalgae in a four-stroke, single-cylinder, water-cooled CI engine. The blends of biodiesel and diesel, designated B10, B20, B30, and B40, were 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, respectively. Of these, B20 showed the best efficiency-to-emissions ratio. Although it recorded the lowest brake specific fuel consumption of 0.232 kg/kWh, indicating superior fuel …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 · pp. 339–354 Read article
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Parametric Study of Twin Screw Extrusion for Processing Epoxy/Carbon Black Nanocomposites Using Orthogonal Array Technique
Abstract: AbstractThis paper presents the experimental investigation of the influence of process parameters of twin screw extrusion on the dispersion and electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy/CB nanocomposites. Four factors, namely, loading level of carbon black (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 wt%) in epoxy, screw speed (75, 100 and 125 rpm), temperature (5 °, 15 ° and 30 °C) and number of passes (5, 10 and 15) were …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 15–26 Read article
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Catalytic Activity Advancements in Organometallic Chemistry
Abstract: Organometallic chemistry is essential to catalysis and synthesis, helping to shape a wide range of chemical reactions. The study of the interactions between organic compounds and metal elements is known as organometallic chemistry. Modern synthetic chemistry and catalysis have been greatly influenced by the field of organometallic chemistry. It entails the investigation of substances that have metal-carbon bonds because they can have special catalytic and reactive qualities. Applications for these …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 10–25 Read article
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Microalgae: Promising Sources of Biofuels
Abstract: Single-celled photosynthetic organisms known as microalgae have drawn a lot of interest as a potential source for the synthesis of biofuel. These microscopic organisms are able to effectively convert sunlight and carbon dioxide into biomass that is high in proteins, carbs, and lipids. Microalgae makes up to 19% starch concentration providing an eco-friendly and sustainable way to satisfy the growing need for renewable energy sources.Although they can be made from …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Laser Beam Machining Techniques and Applications: A Review
Abstract: Laser beam machining (LBM) is the most common thermal energy-based non-contact, non-conventional machining process. The non-conventional manufacturing processes are used to remove extra material using a variety of mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical, or combinations of these energies without the use of sharp cutting tools as is required for conventional manufacturing. With innovative approaches to manufacturing processes, it has transformed a number of industries. It is frequently used to machine a …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 28–35 Read article
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Experimental Study on Sustainable Light Weight Concrete Incorporating with Oil Palm Industrial Waste
Abstract: In present days a very huge number of raw materials are used by the construction sector which releases very large amount of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) into the environment. To avoid such problems research should be focused on sustainable materials, among which Oil Palm industrial waste that can be used in concrete. The main purpose of this research is to utilize the palm oil fuel ash (POFA) …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 7, 2024 · pp. 1–18 Read article
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Lambda Doubling Calculation of Carbon Monoxide C12O16 Molecule
Abstract: The theoretical emission spectrum of C12O16 molecule, calculation of lambda doubling, the relation between wavenumbers R(J), Q(J), P(J) and rotational state energies F(J), F(J + 1) with rotational quantum number J respectively have been investigated for A1
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 25–31 Read article
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Comparative Evaluation of Hibiscus Cannabinus and Solanum Trilobatum Extracts as Inhibitors for C- Steel Corrosion protection in Acidic Medium
Abstract: This study analyzed the efficacy of various inhibitors in safeguarding carbon steel against corrosion in hydrochloric acid. The compounds that were subjected to testing included Acalypha indica root extract (AIRE), Hibiscus cannabinus (HC), and Solanum trilobatum (ST) leaf extracts. The investigation focused on the inhibitory efficacy through the application of gravimetric and electrochemical impedance methods. GC-MS and FTIR were employed to investigate the features of the inhibitors and co-inhibitors. Tafel …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 555–565 Read article
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Method of Obtaining of Concentrate of Rapidly Reproducing Microalga for Converting of the Emitted Carbon Dioxide into Oxygen and Food Biomass for Feeding of the Crew of an International Space Station during Long Flights
Abstract: It is known that the use of microalga solves the problem of utilizing carbonic acid formed during the life of astronauts and replenishing oxygen in the spacecraft atmosphere. There is evidence that among the mass of microalga used for research as oxygen products for space flights, chlorella and spirulina are suitable. In the field of creating a life support system (LSS) of the International Space Station (ISS), research is being …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 37–48 Read article
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Enhancement of Horizontal Jet Impingement Heat Transfer Analysis on Vertical Flat Plate
Abstract: This research investigates the heat transfer characteristics and heat flux distribution associated with parallel jet impingement on a vertical flat plate. A comprehensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is carried out and systematically validated against available experimental data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the numerical model. The jet length is maintained constant at 12 mm, while the jet-to-plate separation distance is varied at 6, 12, 18, and 24 …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 65–80 Read article
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Theoretical Study of Surface Waves in Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN)
Abstract: Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material in which Boron (B) and Nitrogen (N) atoms form hexagonal structure and has number of robust properties of technological importance. Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are very nice area of research in recent years. Its structure is similar to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) where carbon atoms are arranged in hexagon. hBN is also known as White Graphene. Various methods are employed to …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Design And Analysis of Carbon Filler Reinforced Composite Small Wind Turbine Blades
Abstract: Although wind turbines have great potential for capturing wind energy, their blades suffer from unstable aerodynamic loads as a result of operating for extended time in challenging conditions. Both structural and aerodynamic performance are negatively impacted by these loads. The effectiveness of the wind turbine and the use of wind energy are significantly impacted by the choice airfoil. Commonly used airfoils include NACA 4412, NACA 23012, and SG6043. The lift …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 79–89 Read article
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Effect of Cell Carrier Loading on Phenol Degradation in Association with Production of Exopolymeric Substances and Biofilm Characteristics during Start up and Steady State in a Pulsed Plate Bioreactor
Abstract: Biodegradation of phenol in a continuous pulsed plate bioreactor (PPBR) using immobilized bacterial cells has been shown to be a highly efficient process. The present paper reports the studies on the effect physical characteristics of biofilm (biofilm thickness, attached dry biomass and biofilm dry density) and chemical characteristics in terms of exopolymers viz. protein, carbohydrate and humic substance produced by Pseudomonas desmolyticum (NCIM 2112) bacterial cells immobilized on granular activated …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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Solar Powered Outdoor Air Purifier with Air Quality Monitoring
Abstract: The Internet has a major challenge with air pollution. Numerous major health issues might be brought on by this dirty air. An air purifier serves as a life-saving aid for people who have breathing issues like asthma or sinusitis or who have lung disorders of any kind. An air purifier lessens the likelihood of health problems brought on by indoor pollution, which might directly cause neurological disorders, respiratory infections, or …
Published in Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Production, Optimization and Purification of Laccase Produced by Pleurotus ostreatus MH591763
Abstract: The optimization of production medium for laccase produced by Pleurotus ostreatus (Gene Bank Accession number MH591763) to reduce the cost of laccase production in large scale is the basic research in industrial field. In this study, the laccase culture medium was optimized for growth parameters such as incubation period, pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen source on fungal growth and enzyme production. Purification and characterization of the enzyme was done by …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 56–64 Read article
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Geo-spatial Predictions of Soil Organic Carbon: A Review
Abstract: Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) plays an important role in conservation of biophysical environment, i.e., biogeochemical cycles, soil fertility, water quality, atmospheric carbon control, temperature control, sustainable land management and food production. Geo-statistical techniques can be useful for precise estimations and preparation of high quality SOC maps essential for planning and monitoring the biophysical environment. Several studies have used geo-statistical techniques successfully for description of spatial patterns, quantitative modeling, spatial predictions …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 23–39 Read article
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Integration of IoT and Environmental Science: Vehicle Emission Monitoring Perspective
Abstract: — Since automobiles are the primary source of environmental pollution, an increase in automobile ownership also results in an increase in air pollution. Gases such as methane, butane, LPG, smoke (MQ2), carbon monoxide (MQ7), and hydrogen gas (MQ8) are all released from the vehicle as it smokes. Cars produce around half of the MQ2, MQ7, and one-fourth of the MQ9 in our environment, which contributes to global warming. The number …
Published in Journal of Microcontroller Engineering and Applications · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Biodiesel Production and Performance, Emission Technique: a Review
Abstract: AbstractBiodiesel, a non-regular, less expensive and boundless wellspring of energy can be a decent substitute for diesel fuel. Biodiesel as an elective fuel is being viewed as economical energy source and would move towards becoming as critical as oil-based commodities of the present time. The nonconventional fuel is produced using diverse feedstock relying upon their accessibility. In the present investigation we have studied the performance as well as emission of …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Ecology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 18–21 Read article
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Performance of Wheat under Various Rice Residue Management Practices on Farmer Fields under South-Western Conditions of Punjab
Abstract: On farm trails were conducted during Rabi seasons of 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18 to evaluate the influence of different rice straw management practices on wheat productivity, yield attributes and soil fertility under south-western conditions of Punjab. Rice straw was managed by harvesting of crop using straw management system (SMS) fitted combines harvester then applied the treatment of happy seeder, mulcher, mould board plough, and zero tillage. Significant improvement in wheat productivity …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 24–27 Read article
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Title-: Hello! Are we alone? If you're like me, you may want to know me
Abstract: A thin layer near the surface of Earth is teeming with life of huge diversity: from micro-organisms to plants, animals, and possibly even more intelligent species humans !. Up till now, human forms the only known samples of intelligent civilized life in the Universe? We humans accepted that the laws and concepts of physics and chemistry can be applied throughout entire cosmos. Is there then a general biology as well …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–22 Read article