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Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany Review Article

Microalgae: Promising Sources of Biofuels

  1. Khushi Kataria Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida
  2. Indira P Sarethy Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida

Abstract

Single-celled photosynthetic organisms known as microalgae have drawn a lot of interest as a potential source for the synthesis of biofuel. These microscopic organisms are able to effectively convert sunlight and carbon dioxide into biomass that is high in proteins, carbs, and lipids. Microalgae makes up to 19% starch concentration providing an eco-friendly and sustainable way to satisfy the growing need for renewable energy sources.Although they can be made from renewable resources and may lower greenhouse gas emissions, biofuels like biobutanol and bioethanol are significant substitutes for conventional fossil fuels. Compared to conventional biofuel,feedstocks, microalgae-derived biofuels have a number of benefits, such as increased biomass production, the capacity to grow in saline water and non-arable terrain, and the possibility of simultaneous carbon dioxide sequestration.The potential of microalgae as a sustainable source for the production of biobutanol and bioethanol is examined in this review paper. It talks about the metabolic engineering techniques and biochemical pathways used to increase the generation of these biofuels in microalgae. By controlling the expression of important enzymes involved in the industrial processes, genetic engineering approaches can improve efficiency and yield. .The review also emphasises the advantages, both financial and ecological, of employing microalgae as a feedstock for biofuel production. Because they give farmers a source of income and boost regional enterprises, microalgae-based biofuels have the potential to open up new economic opportunities, especially in rural areas. The analysis does, however, highlight the difficulties that come with producing food on a large scale, such as creating economical harvesting methods and improving growing conditions..In conclusion, even with the remaining difficulties, microalgae has excellent potential for producing biofuel and deserves more research. Future studies could produce microalgae-based biofuels that are more competitive and viable, which would help ensure a sustainable energy supply.

Keywords

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