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102 articles for “Signal Modulation”
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When Light Talks The Realm of Opto-Electronic Communication
Abstract: The basic principles of opto-electronics systems are discussed. In these systems the electrical signals are changed to optical signals for high speed and long distance communication and then converted back to electrical form at the receiver. This study underscores the essential elements including light sources, optical fibres, modulators, and photodetectors that facilitate the effective transmission of information with less loss and interference. The paper also discusses the benefits of opto-electronic …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Diffusion-Based Enhancement of Low-SNR Time- Frequency Signals
Abstract: Traditional enhancing techniques are useless in low signal-to-noise ratio (LSNR) situations because noise drastically interferes with communication signals. Based on an enhanced DiffBIR model, this paper suggests a dual-stage signal improvement approach that combines diffusion with deep learning. By combining the Inception module for multi-scale feature extraction with the Pixel Fusion Attention (PFA) module for significant region highlighting, the model improves signal recovery in the time- frequency domain. Experiments show …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Harnessing Ethylene and Brassinosteroids for Enhanced Agricultural Productivity and Food Quality
Abstract: This study provides a comprehensive review of the roles of ethylene and brassinosteroids, two vital hormonal regulators in plants, focusing on their impact on fruit ripening, stress responses, and overall plant growth. Ethylene, a gaseous plant hormone, is recognized as a key regulator in various physiological processes, particularly in the maturation of fruits. Its involvement in the ripening process has profound implications for agricultural practices, as it directly influences the …
Published in International Journal of Trends in Horticulture · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 29–32 Read article
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DEVELOPMENT OF POLYMERSOMES AS MACROMOLECULAR PLATFORMS FOR NANOMEDICINE
Abstract: The conventional method of drug delivery is plagued with instability, low targeting and low bioavailability. A solution to these shortcomings is the use of polymer Somes, artificial vesicles that are produced through self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymer, and they are suggested as universal nanoscale carriers. They have stiff, tunable membranes (thickness = 2-50 nm) due to accurate control of polymer chemistry, chain length, and hydrophilic mass fraction (f), which allows …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 Read article
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Nutrient-Mediated Activation of Cellular Signaling Pathways: Mechanistic Insights into Attenuation of Toxin Induced Inflammation in Food Animals
Abstract: Dietary and environmental toxins remain a persistent challenge in food animal production, where subclinical and clinical inflammation compromises health, productivity, and food safety. Toxin induced inflammation is driven by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysregulated immune signaling, resulting in impaired metabolic efficiency and increased disease susceptibility. Recent advances in nutritional science have revealed that nutrients act not only as substrates for growth but also as signaling molecules capable of modulating …
Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Designing Digital Filters of Underwater Wireless Sensor Node
Abstract: Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs), an emerging area, integrate sensing, computing, and communication into a single compact device. The digital data is acquired using an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and the fusion of numerous sensor data is accomplished in the sensor node’s ARM (Advanced RISC Machine) CPU. The sensor interfacing circuit should connect the sensor to the sensor node’s data collecting system. The data from these sensors may be …
Published in International Journal of VLSI Circuit Design & Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 43–53 Read article
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Functional Biomolecules in Animal Nutrition: Biochemical Mechanisms and Their Impacts on Growth Performance and Health Outcomes
Abstract: Functional biomolecules have emerged as critical modulators of animal nutrition, extending beyond conventional nutrient supply to regulate biochemical and physiological processes that determine growth performance and health outcomes. This review synthesizes current knowledge on diverse classes of bioactive compounds, including amino acids, peptides, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and microbial-derived metabolites, and their roles in livestock systems. Emphasis is placed on underlying biochemical mechanisms such as enzyme activation, nutrient signaling …
Published in International Journal of Nutritions · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Driver Observation and Automatic Braking System Using Arduino
Abstract: Autonomous braking systems and driver observation are two important developments in car safety technology that are intended to reduce accidents brought on by tired drivers. An eye blink sensor has been incorporated in the device. The sensors recognize an eye blink automatically once the driver starts the engine. This gadget displays the sensor's output so that it may be compared to the Arduino. The eye blink sensor gets a signal …
Published in Journal of Microcontroller Engineering and Applications · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 28–33 Read article
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Unravelling the Environment, Aroma, and Molecular Effects on Mood Fluctuations: A Review
Abstract: The ebb and flow of human emotions encompass a complex interplay of molecular processes governing mood fluctuations. This comprehensive review navigates the intricate realm of neurotransmitters, neuroplasticity, hormonal influences, genetics, and inflammation to unravel the molecular tapestry that shapes our emotional states. Foundational to mood regulation are neurotransmitters – serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine – orchestrating delicate balances within neural circuits. Recent molecular neuroscience elucidates their receptor pathways and signaling cascades, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 14–20 Read article
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Deciphering the Roles of Estrogen Receptors and 27-Hydroxycholesterol in BC Progression
Abstract: Breast cancer (BC) ranks among the top causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Many risk factors of BC are linked to estrogen. Experiments of Beatson in 1896 show the role of steroid hormones as major determinant in BC. Action of steroid hormones is mediated by their receptors including Estrogen receptors (ERs). ERs are part of a subfamily of ligand-regulated transcription factors. Their primary role is to translate hormone signals …
Published in International Journal of Genetic Modifications and Recombinations · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 18–26 Read article
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IOT Based Smart System for Parameter Control Interfaced with Android and Cloud
Abstract: The smart embedded system enables real-time monitoring and control of multiple parameters motor speed, LCD brightness, temperature, and humidity through both manual input and remote Android application. The system consists Raspberry Pi 4 Model B as the central processor, integrated with a DHT11 sensor, L298N motor driver, LCD display, and potentiometers. Cloud connectivity is achieved using Firebase to synchronize data between the hardware and a custom-built mobile application. Real-time feedback …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 11–22 Read article
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Analysis of a Communication Link Performance Across Various Rayleigh Channels in Tropical Climates
Abstract: Tropical regions are characterized by intense and persistent rainfall throughout most of the year, and this environmental condition significantly influences wireless communication performance. The continuous presence of heavy precipitation weakens, scatters, and disrupts radio frequency signals, causing noticeable attenuation during transmission from the source to the destination. As a result, reliable communication becomes challenging, particularly for modern high-speed systems such as 5G networks. To address this limitation and enhance communication …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 06–12 Read article
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Harnessing the Potential of Virtual Instrumentation
Abstract: The Virtual Instrument (VI) uses custom software and hardware to create a user-defined measurement system, called a Virtual Instrument. Virtual instruments are similar to traditional instruments, such as multimeters, oscilloscopes, spectrum analyzers, and data acquisition systems. It has great flexibility, high performance, flexibility and low cost. Primarily, it consists of a personal computer or workstation, and Vi software such as LabVIEW, NI DAQmx, and MATLAB. This modular hardware includes data …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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The Mycobiome Frontier – Pre & Post 2020 Status: Integrating Fungal Bioactive Compounds, Probiotics, and Antimicrobial Peptides in Modern Therapeutics and Biotechnology.
Abstract: The fungal kingdom represents an indispensable resource in modern therapeutics and biotechnology, offering a diverse array of bioactive compounds, probiotics, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Functional fungal polysaccharides (FFPs), such as beta-glucans, chitin, and mannans, are centrally involved in modulating the human gut microbiota, providing novel therapeutic avenues for chronic conditions including diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. These compounds act as prebiotics, nourishing beneficial bacteria and enhancing metabolic parameters such as …
Published in International Journal of Fungi · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Molecular Pharmacokinetics and Structural Docking of Phenolic Acids for Targeting NF-κB Pathway Components in Inflammation and Fibrosis: A Computational Approach Toward Therapeutic Discovery
Abstract: Inflammation and Fibrosis are critical pathological processes associated with various chronic diseases, often mediated by the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of phenolic acids as modulators of the NF-κB pathway, aiming to identify novel ligands that can effectively interact with key components of this signaling cascade. A comprehensive computational approach was employed, utilizing molecular docking, pharmacological screening, and post-docking …
Published in International Journal of Cell Biology and Cellular Functions · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 14–31 Read article
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An Overview on Harnessing Microwave Frequencies for Next-Generation Satellite Communication and Earth Observation
Abstract: In the vacuum of space, where traditional cables cannot reach, humanity has woven an invisible, high-speed infrastructure made of oscillating electromagnetic waves. At the heart of this architecture lies the microwave spectrum—the unsung hero that enables everything from global GPS navigation to real-time climate monitoring. The evolution of global connectivity and environmental monitoring is intrinsically linked to the mastery of the microwave spectrum. As satellite constellations transition from traditional Geostationary …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring Device Using Max30102 Sensor
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting millions globally, requiring continuous blood glucose monitoring to prevent complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Conventional invasive finger- prick techniques result in pain, skin irritation, and an increased risk of infection, which lowers patient compliance, particularly in young patients and the elderly. This paper presents a non-invasive glucose monitoring prototype using the MAX30102 optical biosensor interfaced with the …
Published in Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 36–44 Read article
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Real-Time Edge Detection Camera Module Using Discrete Taylor Transform and Heat Equation (PDE): An Applied Mathematical Approach
Abstract: In modern digital signal processing, the capability for denoising and smoothing in real time is very important in scientific, engineering, and industrial applications. This paper presents an efficient hybrid framework that merges two mathematically sound methods, namely, DTT and PDE defined as the Heat Equation, to robustly denoise a signal with minimal distortion. The model addresses one of the most challenging tasks in signal restoration, which maintains the fidelity of …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Implementation of Human Gesture Recognition Using CNN
Abstract: A gesture popularity system based entirely on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Preprocessing techniques include segmentation, polygonal approximation, contour construction, morphological filters, and resource characteristic extraction. Various convolutional neural networks are employed for training and testing, with results compared to existing architectures and protocols. All generated measurements and convergence graphs produced at any point during education are examined and contested in order to verify the reliability of the approach offered. Our …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 24–37 Read article
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Spectral Mapping and Tracking Error of MBOC signal and Wavelet based GNSS receiver
Abstract: This research paper delves into the historical evolution and contemporary state of the art in navigation technologies, emphasizing the paramount importance of reliable positioning systems. Tracing the journey from ancient primitive methods to the present-day Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), with a focus on the Global Positioning System (GPS), the paper explores the diverse instruments and methods developed by civilizations throughout history to determine location and navigate effectively. The main …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 Read article