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915 articles for “bands”
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Design and Performance Analysis of Microwave Filters and Resonators for High-Frequency Systems
Abstract: Microwave filters and resonators are fundamental components in high-frequency systems, playing a crucial role in signal selection, interference suppression, and frequency stabilization. This review presents a detailed analysis of design methodologies and performance characteristics of microwave filters and resonators used in modern communication and radar applications. Various filter topologies, including low-pass, high- pass, band-pass, and band-stop configurations, are examined with respect to their frequency response, insertion loss, selectivity, and bandwidth. …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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Time Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier (TMBOC) Transmitter with Polarimetric Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (Pol-InSAR)
Abstract: This paper provides insights into Time Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier (TMBOC), a modulation technique employed in satellite navigation systems, specifically designed for GPS L1C. TMBOC improves signal correlation properties by time-multiplexing Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) (1, 1) and (6, 1). The text discusses various TMBOC models, including spectral representations and power distributions. Performance analysis reveals the potential of TMBOC signals in achieving superior tracking accuracy and interference resistance compared to …
Published in International Journal of Satellite Remote Sensing · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 34–49 Read article
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Smart SwitchBoard With Auto Safety Control
Abstract: The Intelligent Smart Switch Board, with Automatic Safety Control, is designed as an IoT-based intelligent power management system to enhance electrical safety by providing the user with real-time monitoring of electrical energy consumption and the ability to remotely control electrical loads in their home or small industrial facility. The Smart Switch Board is built around an ESP32 Microcontroller and uses a PZEM-004T Energy Meter Module to accurately measure voltage, current, …
Published in Journal of Microcontroller Engineering and Applications · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 16–23 Read article
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Recent Innovations in Semiconductor Materials for Smart Electronic Devices
Abstract: Recent advancements in semiconductor materials have significantly transformed the design, performance, and functionality of smart electronic devices such as smartphones, wearable systems, IoT devices, autonomous systems, and biomedical electronics. With the continuous demand for higher processing speed, lower power consumption, improved thermal stability, and extreme miniaturization, traditional silicon-based semiconductor technology is facing major limitations. As device dimensions shrink to the nanometer scale, challenges such as leakage current, heat dissipation, and …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Representation-Theoretic Symmetry Reduction and Fuzzy-Grey Optimization of Modular Vibration Systems
Abstract: This paper presents a representation-theoretic framework for symmetry-aware vibration control in modular structural systems. Exploiting cyclic symmetry, the mass, damping, and stiffness operators are block-diagonalised into irreducible representations, reducing the full structural dynamics to a collection of lower-dimensional modal subsystems. This decomposition provides both computational efficiency and a rigorous mathematical description of symmetry-preserving dynamic behaviour. To account for imperfections arising in practical implementations, near-symmetry defects in stiffness and damping are …
Published in Emerging Trends in Symmetry · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 22–30 Read article
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Activation Energy in Photochemical and Thermally Driven Reactions: Mechanistic Insights, Kinetic Modelling and Photocatalytic Applications
Abstract: Chemical reactions constitute fundamental processes in which reactants are transformed into products through the breaking and formation of chemical bonds. In photochemical systems, these transformations are initiated or influenced by the absorption of light, making energy transfer mechanisms particularly significant. A key parameter governing reaction kinetics is activation energy, defined as the minimum energy required for reactant molecules to undergo a successful transformation. This article focuses on the role of …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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Centralized Controller Design Of Two-Input Two-Output Process Using SISO Design Techniques
Abstract: In two-input two-output (TITO) systems, interactions should be appropriately accounted for proper input-output pairing. Pairing plays an important role, where the wrong pairing can lead to unstable systems, even each one of the loop is stable individually. In this paper interactions of TITO time-delay systems are quantified using the gramian based interaction measures. Using this pairing problem is addressed for TITO systems and a multivariable controller is designed using siso …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 39–47 Read article
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Vector Arrow Shape Microstrip Antenna for WiMAX Application
Abstract: AbstractIn this paper dual band microstrip patch antenna is presented which is used for personal communication system and wireless local area network. The two bands which ranges are 1.721-2.031 GHz with bandwidth of 16.53% and 2.964-3.202 GHz with bandwidth of 7.72%. The glass epoxy material is used as a substrate to design anticipated antenna and simulated with IE3D Zeland software. The simulation results like reflection coefficient, VSWR and smith chart …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 30–33 Read article
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Identification of Accident Hot Spots at Different Roads of Midnapore Municipality Area: A Geoinformatic Approach
Abstract: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a huge public health and development problem, killing almost 1.2 million people a year and injuring or disabling almost 20 to 50 million or more. Both WHO and World Bank data show that without appropriate action these injuries will rise dramatically by the year 2020, particularly in rapidly-motorizing countries. The study identifies the volatile traffic areas where road accidents are almost regular events and assess …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 20–38 Read article
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Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Non-linear Vibration Response of an IPMC Actuator Subjected to Alternating Electric Potentialf
Abstract: The precise predication of stable and unstable zone for an applied excitation voltage and frequency is of importance in many micromechanical systems utilizing ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) as the actuator. A linear dynamic model thus will no longer be valid for IPMC actuator having low thickness and thus more flexible. In this article, non-linear vibration characteristics of a silver (Ag) based IPMC actuator is studied under alternating electric potential …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 11–26 Read article
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Design Optimization of Microstrip Antenna with EBG and DGS Using the Genetic Algorithm to Reduce the Mutual Coupling
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to construct, create, and reproduction of different antenna structures using electromagnetic band gap (EBG) materials and defected ground structures (DGS). Microstrip antennas are processed in order to improve performance by changing the shape of the geometry of the antenna, in particular to reduce the mutual coupling between the elements. The propagation of electromagnetic waves in a specified frequency range have the unique ability to …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 11–30 Read article
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Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Wear Characteristics of T42 High Speed Steel
Abstract: In this study cryogenic treatment is performed on AISI T42 HSS material and its wear characteristics are studied. Test of treated and untreated samples is taken on pin on disc wear testing machine at different loads and RPMs. The wear of the sample is measured. The wear resistance of the samples is also measured by weight loss method. The results are tabulated. An experimental effort to evaluate tool wear improvement …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 70–79 Read article
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Ab Initio Investigation on Half-Heusler Compounds CoVZ (Z = P, Bi, Sb, As): Understanding Structural, Electronic, Magnetic, and Elastic Behavior
Abstract: The structural, electrical, mechanical, and magnetic properties of Half-Heusler CoVZ (Z= P, Bi, Sb, and As) compounds have been studied using the ab initio method. Here, we use the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method, which is implemented by WIEN2k. The compounds CoVZ (Z= P, Bi, Sb, and As) are near to the Fermi level as implemented in the WIEN2k algorithm, exhibiting 100% spin polarization with finite band …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2023 Read article
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Characterization studies on surface activation of phosphor bronze wire mesh via different chemical means for water distillation applications
Abstract: Surface activation of phosphor bronze structured packing modules is an important step in the manufacturing of high efficiency water distillation columns as it ensures excellent mass transfer behaviour and overall process intensification. These packed columns are used in the nuclear industry for heavy water production and purification. Activation is generally achieved through a treatment involving aqueous NaOH solution with bubbling of oxygen gas through it. This leads to the development …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 10–23 Read article
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Optical and Microstructural Changes in 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein Doped PVA
Abstract: AbstractThe effect of 5(6) Carboxyfluorescein dye on microstructural and optical properties of a Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) have been studied by using FTIR and UV-Visible absorption techniques. FTIR spectral result shows the possible interaction between the dye and PVA. The UV-Visible spectra shows three absorption bands (around 227nm, 310nm and 450nm) and from the observed optical band edges in the UV-Visible spectra, three optical band gaps and three activation energies for …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 45–51 Read article
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Design and Fabrication of Automated Channel Cleaner
Abstract: This paper focuses on the design and fabrication of automated channel cleaning system. Water is a basic necessity of humans & all living beings. There is plenty of water on earth but that is not suitable for human use. For some purpose clean water is more important if used. The impurities is present in water can cause hazardous disease.. Debris in drain water can be only like empty bottles, polythene …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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“FORCE-DISPLACEMENT TRADE OFF” OF RCC BUILDING LOCATED AT VARIOUS SEISMIC ZONES AND SITE CONDITION ADOPTING TIME-HISTORY ANALYSIS
Abstract: Earthquake-resistant or aseismic design are considered to protect buildings to some or greater extent from earthquakes. The force-displacement trade off of structures located in various seismic zones are different in nature depending on intensity of earthquake. No structure can be fully immune to damage from earthquake, the vulnerability can be reduced for safety and durability. The force-displacement behavior of a particular structure can be modified to withstand seismic occurrence preventing …
Published in Journal of Structural Engineering and Management · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 14–32 Read article
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Detailed Study On Physical Properties Of Silicon Nitride Films Deposited By Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition System
Abstract: Amorphous silicon nitride films have been deposited by radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) technique using silane (SiH4) and ammonia (NH3) as source gases. Investigations have been made in detail to understand the influence of process parameters such as RF power, substrate temperature, gas flow ratio, working pressure etc, on the optical, electrical and surface properties in order to obtain dielectric Si3N4 films for semiconductor device applications. Amorphous …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Thin Film Gum Arabic Doping byPotassium BromideSolar Cells
Abstract: Three solar cell were made using Gum Arabic treated with potassium bromide with three types of dyes (Saffron dye, Henna dye and Blue 8GX dye) by using Spin Coating. Powder of gum Arabic and amount of potassium bromide was made by heated in temperature 100OC firstly, and using USB 2000 spectrometer device to calculated optical energy band gap of Gum Arabic before and after doping It was found to be …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 23–29 Read article
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Study Effect of Position of Fixed Magnet on Performance of VEH Device Working on Electromagnetic Principal
Abstract: Vibration energy harvesting (VEH) is one of key source of power for remote locations. VEH device gives maximum output at its natural frequency matching with excitation frequency. So, it is suitable for standalone frequency, gives rise to increase band widening efforts. To achieve resonance, stiffness or moving mass is to be changed. Changing of mass during operation is difficult to achieve. Repulsive and attractive force between magnets can be varied …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 6–11 Read article