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473 articles for “Toxic effects”
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A Study on AI-Enhanced Environmental Toxicology: Sensor-Driven Predictive Framework
Abstract: Traditional environmental toxicology relies heavily on labor-intensive, often retrospective, sampling and analysis, limiting our understanding of dynamic pollutant behaviors and their real-time impact on ecosystems and human health. This study presents a novel, integrated framework leveraging advanced sensor networks and artificial intelligence (AI) to revolutionize the monitoring, assessment, and predictive modeling of environmental contaminants. We deployed a sophisticated array of multi-parameter sensors (e.g., electrochemical, optical, biosensors for heavy metals, organic …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 Read article
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Hydroponics Culture Regulated Metabolic Variations in Plants of Medicinal Value
Abstract: The current review chiefly brings to light the importance of alternative cultivation strategies for medicinal plants about the effective enhancement of the bioactive substances. The fast-paced society is favoring the need for its cost-effective cultivation and studying the effects thereafter. The mis-steps while collecting the plant from the wild lead to identification issues, genetic and phenotypic variations, variable bioactive substances/secondary metabolites, and toxic compounds. So, cultivation happening in controlled environments, …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Herbal Science · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 14–20 Read article
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Pharmacological evaluation of Hepatoprotective activity of Indian medicinal plants Cordia Myxa and Canscora diffusa on wistar albino rats
Abstract: Two plants (Cordia myxa and Canscora diffusa), which were claimed to possess hepatoprotective activity, were selected. The Selected plants were authenticated by an expert botanist. In the current study, herbal extraction involving solvents of decreasing polarity (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and hydroalcoholic) was used to extract bioactive compounds from the plants of Cordia Myxa and Canscora diffusa in polyherbal preparations. A phytochemical evaluation was performed, including an acute toxicity study …
Published in International Journal of Tropical Medicines · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 31–44 Read article
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Environmental implications of hospital laundry services
Abstract: The environmental implications of hospital laundry services differ markedly from those in the hospitality sector. This distinction stems from the need to handle hospital linens soiled with various bodily fluids, necessitating disinfection before washing. Hospital linens encompass a diverse range of fabrics used throughout medical facilities, including mattresses, pillowcases, blankets, bed sheets, towels, curtains, screens, and aprons. Maintaining the cleanliness of hospital linens is crucial for patient comfort, reducing discomfort, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 39–43 Read article
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Protein Misfolding and Aggregation : A Chemical Perspective
Abstract: Research on protein misfolding has identified several important diseases in which abnormal protein structures play a major role. In Alzheimer’s disease, Amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides and Tau proteins can misfold and accumulate. Prion diseases are unusual because a misfolded protein can act as a template and encourage other normal proteins to adopt an abnormal structure. Understanding the chemistry behind protein folding is therefore important not only for basic research but also …
Published in International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecule Research · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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The Effect of Vitamin C on the Reproductive Functions of Paraquat Intoxicated Male Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Abstract: Paraquat (PQ) is a bipyridylium herbicide applied around trees in Orchids and between crop rows to control broad-leaved and grassy weeds. Its oxidation results in the formation of superoxides and supernitrite species which causes damage to cellular components. Studies have implicated PQ as one of the pesticides that contributes to the reduction in male reproductive functions in humans and animals during exposure. This study, therefore, determined the antioxidant effect vitamin …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 9–29 Read article
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Silver-Nanoparticle-Loaded Polyurethane Composites for Antibacterial Medical Devices
Abstract: Polyurethane (PU) polymer is widely used in biomedical application. In our study we have combined polyurethane with silver nanoparticles to develop a nanocomposite material for antibacterial medical applications. Such combination has antibacterial properties and control the toxicity too. In current research we have mixed the different sizes and types of silver nanoparticles into the polyurethane matrix. The result was their antibacterial activity, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility. The antibacterial performance of …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 29–34 Read article
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Pathways in Drug Discovery and Development: From Molecular Targets to Market Approval
Abstract: A complicated, multidisciplinary, and resource-intensive process, the discovery and development of new pharmacological drugs is essential to the advancement of contemporary medicine. Finding and optimising lead chemicals comes after a disease-relevant biological target has been identified and validated. Through preclinical research in animal models, these leads are thoroughly assessed for toxicity, pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy. Clinical trials, which are carried out in several stages to evaluate safety, efficacy, ideal dosage, …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 01–04 Read article
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Nanotechnology: Applications in Regenerative Medicine
Abstract: Nanotechnology presently has many uses in practically every one of the fields. The introduction of nanomedicine has benefitted many research areas in pharmaceutical industries. The usage of nanoparticles in drugs has shown great results that the other drugs did not. In the development of novel medicine, nanotechnology is playing an important role. It is because few medications cannot be used due to complications such as its toxicity, this can be …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Preservatives for Ocular Drug Delivery System
Abstract: Most challenge faced today is in ocular drug delivery. Topical eye drop is the most convenient and patient compliant route of drug administration, especially for the treatment of anterior segment diseases. Delivery of drugs to the targeted ocular tissues is restricted by various precorneal, dynamic and static ocular barriers. Also, therapeutic drug levels are not maintained for longer duration in target tissues. In the past two decades, ocular drug delivery …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Histological Effects of the Antibiotic Gentamicin on the Ovarian Tissue of Female White Laboratory Rats
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the histological alterations induced by Gentamicin in the ovarian tissue of white laboratory rats. A total of 12 adult female rats were used and randomly divided into two groups, with each group consisting of six animals. The experimental group received Gentamicin at a dose of 120 mg/kg body weight administered as an injection once daily, while the control group received an equivalent volume of normal …
Published in International Journal of Antibiotics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Identification of Elements Exist in Area Around Khartoum Petroleum Refinery Using Spectroscopic Method
Abstract: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a method of atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) that uses a laser-generated plasma as the hot vaporization, atomization, and excitation source. Plasma is often called the fourth state of matter. The various states of matter occur as a substance is heated to temperatures corresponding to thermal energies above the binding energies for particular state of matter. Structured systems placed in a sufficiently hot environment. LIBS technique …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Self-Healing Polymeric Composites Reinforced with Green Synthesized Nanoparticles
Abstract: The development of sustainable self-healing polymeric materials is critical for enhancing durability and service life in advanced engineering applications. In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO), magnesium oxide (MgO), and ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles were green-synthesized using Allium cepa extract and incorporated into epoxy-based polymeric composites to improve mechanical, thermal, and self-healing properties. This bio-based synthesis is eco-friendly and safe alternative to harsh chemical techniques, utilizing natural antioxidants to stabilize the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 305–314 Read article
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Effects of Chlorpyrifos as Inducer for Oxidative Stress in Liver, Kidney and Spleen of Freshwater Fish, Pseudetroplus maculatus (Bloch, 1795)
Abstract: Chlorpyrifos is one of the most common organophosphate insecticides found abundantly in freshwater ecosystems and has been detected in agricultural and fishery products worldwide. The study focused to determine the effect of chlorpyrifos on the induction of oxidative stress in freshwater fish Pseudetroplus maculatus. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.661 and 1.32 μg/l) of chlorpyrifos for 15 and 30 days. Activities of antioxidant enzymes and the levels of hydrogen …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 20–29 Read article
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Eggshell: An Alternative, Cheap, Bioavailable Source of Calcium in Human Diet
Abstract: Eggshell is a waste product of the food industry. It is an excellent source of bioavailable calcium. Animal studies suggested that eggshell is a natural source of bioavailable calcium. Microbiological studies indicated that the pathogenic microorganisms present in eggshell can be eliminated by proper processing, making it safe for human consumption. Human studies revealed that eggshell powder (ESP) has the potential to improve the bone mineral density and to favour …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 25–33 Read article
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Review on the Phytochemical Property and Cellular Toxicity of Ajwain
Abstract: A multitude of herbs and culinary ingredients utilized in Indian cuisine hold significant nutritional value. Among these, ajwain stands out as a widely consumed spice, particularly in India, where it is often added to curries to aid in digestion. Ajwain is obtained from the seeds of the Trachyspermum ammi plant, which is a member of the Apiaceae family. This spice possesses various medicinal properties, including its ability to address gastrointestinal …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 22–25 Read article
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Fenvalerate Toxicity on Fish: A Review
Abstract: As a new class of agricultural insecticides, synthetic pyrethroids are widely used to control insect pests. Synthetic pyrethroids have shown to enter the aquatic environment from agricultural runoff or drift from aerial and ground-based spraying applications posing threat to fishes, which are less tolerant to pesticides through direct exposure. These insecticides interfere with the sodium channel of the nervous system resulting in prolonged sodium tail current. Widespread application of these …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 2-3, 2020 · pp. 6–13 Read article
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Nanotechnology In Herbal Medicine
Abstract: Herbal medicine has been widely used for centuries as a natural and holistic approach to health care. However, many herbal compounds face challenges such as low solubility, low bioavailability, instability, and the lack of targeted delivery, which affect their efficacy. The integration of nanotechnology into herbal medicine has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome these challenges and enhance the pharmacological potential of plant-derived compounds. Nanocarriers such as liposomes, solid …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 28, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 50–69 Read article
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Liquid Fertilizer from Food Waste
Abstract: Food waste primarily includes a smart potential if it's processed into organic liquid plant food rather throws away. the present analysis study deals with conversion of garbage generated from restaurants, wedding halls and hotels into organic liquid plant food through anaerobic method within the Cherlapally Industrial space for up service level benchmarks as thought-about by the Ministry of atmosphere and Forest. The garbage was processed in a very closed instrumentality …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 5–8 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of PF-127 Stabilized Metformin Encapsulated Chitosan-TPP Nanoparticles
Abstract: Metformin is widely used to manage Type 2 Diabetes, but its effectiveness is limited by low intestinal absorption, high dose requirements, and a short half-life. To tackle these challenges, several nano-drug delivery systems have been designed to optimize the delivery of metformin and enhance its therapeutic efficacy. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as key players in medicine, biology, and pharmacology, gaini considerable attention for their potential applications. Polymeric NPs are among …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 27, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 34–38 Read article