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239 articles for “small scale”
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A Brief Review of Nanotechnology
Abstract: All materials are made up of atoms and molecules. The control and use of materials at atomic, molecular and supramolecular scale makes the product of great quality and performance. Materials having at least one dimension within nanometres scale (1–100 nm) are referred as “nanomaterial”. Nanotechnology deals with the materials at such small level. Nanotechnology is considered to be an enabling technology that is likely to have a great impact on …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 5–8 Read article
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Few Aspects in Deep Drawing Process
Abstract: The process in which a punch forces a flat sheet metal blank into a die cavity is known as deep drawing. Deep Drawing (DD) is one of the sheet metal forming processes widely used in automobile, aerospace, electronics and allied industries to produce the hollow parts. Presently, the conventional deep drawing (CDD) operation is carried out at room temperature in industries. Although, CDD provides a great potential application for the …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 31–35 Read article
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Smart Solar-based Inverter
Abstract: Unavoidable shortage of fossil fuel sources in the future, renewable types of energy have become important source of energy in this generation. This Research consists of the solar panel which use solar energy and is environmentally friendly. We have performed the movement of solar tracker system using Arduino and converting the solar energy into electrical energy and this energy is stored in the battery. The DC energy stored in battery …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 14–18 Read article
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Nanotechnology and its Potential in the Future
Abstract: Nanotechnology is the study of extremely small structures. The prefix “Nano” is derived from the Greek word “nanos” meaning ‘DWARF’ (Small). The beauty of nanotechnology is its ability to make things smaller, so they have more impact on our lives. Nanotechnology deals with materials in the size of 0.1 to 100 nm. One nanometer is one billionth of a meter (10–9 m or 10–7 cm), about 100 thousand times smaller …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 17–27 Read article
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Mathematical Approaches to Nonlinear Oscillatory Systems with Damping: Exact and Approximate Solutions
Abstract: The study of nonlinear oscillatory systems with damping is a key area of research in applied mathematics, particularly in the context of dynamical systems, stability analysis, and bifurcation theory. These systems, described by second-order nonlinear differential equations, exhibit a rich variety of behaviors, including periodic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic motions. The introduction of damping—representing energy dissipation—adds a layer of complexity, making the analytical and numerical solution of such systems a challenging …
Published in Recent Trends in Mathematics · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 7–11 Read article
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An Efficient RNS Based Sparse Kogge Stone Parallel Pre-fix Adder with Filter
Abstract: AbstractLow power very large-scale integration (VLSI) circuits are important for designing of high performance and portable devices. Along with that the high speed, small area and low cost are also the main considerations of VLSI circuits. The importance of low power is increasing day by day because of changing trend, packaging and cooling cost, portable system and reliability. This paper presents the design of Digital FIR filter using reverse converter …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 43–51 Read article
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Energy Time Scale Theory
Abstract: Time is the scale for the measurement of the various activities happening in the whole universe. Therefore, it also can be commented that, "Time is the scale for the measurement of the rate of the change of the energy from one form to another into its various states. That means the range of the various states of the energy starts from string and waves and reaches up to quantum particles, …
Published in International Journal of Universe · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 01–07 Read article
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Review on Drug Nanoparticles: Special Emphasis on Herbal Nanoparticals
Abstract: Nanoparticles have greater research horizon and smaller size ranging from 1 to 1000 nm. This is very small as compared to other particles. As their size is extremely small, so ultimately their route of administration and reaching to site of action becomes more convenient. These nano-scale particles can easily pass out the cell membrane such as blood brain-barriers. Nanoparticles are synthesized from various metals, polymers, microbes and even from plant …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 48–58 Read article
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A Five-Layer Architectural Framework for Sustainable and Scalable AI Systems
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is not only about algorithms. AI works like a full “stack” of layers, from electricity to real-world user applications. In this paper, we explain a simple and student-friendly Five- Layer Architecture of AI: (1) Energy, (2) Chips, (3) Infrastructure, (4) Models, and (5) Applications. Each layer supports the next layer, like a cake with multiple layers. If any layer is weak, AI systems become slow, costly, or …
Published in Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research & Advances · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 Read article
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Practical Application of Wulff Net
Abstract: Wulff net is a stereographic net. Stereographic net is a circular grid or net used to plot planes and lines. Therefore it is also used to solve structural problems. Wulff net has discovered by C.V. Wulff for crystallography. Stereographic net preserve angular relation to define projection by angles. Standard Wulff net is a spherical scale similar to globe with north, south, east and west points. Wulff net contains three types …
Published in Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 22–36 Read article
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Harnessing IoT and Sensor Technologies for Smart Agriculture: A Path Towards Viksit Bharat
Abstract: The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and sensor technologies is redefining the landscape of Indian agriculture, serving as a catalyst for achieving the ambitious vision of Viksit Bharat (Developed India). Indian agriculture faces significant challenges such as resource scarcity, climate variability, and fragmented supply chains, which hinder productivity and sustainability. IoT-based solutions offer innovative approaches to address these critical issues by enabling smart irrigation systems, real-time field monitoring, precision …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 38–45 Read article
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Cluster Based Large Scale Demonstration of Improved Malty Barley Technology in Gurage Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
Abstract: Cluster Based Large Scale Demonstration (CBLSD) of Malt barley was conducted at Gurage Zone Geta Woreda (Senankorofcha Kebele). The Woreda was selected purposively based on the potential of malty barley production and productivity. A Small holder farmer cluster land based demonstration of improved malt barely technology was the major objective of the papers. A total of 30 hectares farmers land was selected and formed cluster to demonstrate the technology on …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Crop science and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Steel inhibitors of gas well steels
Abstract: Corrosion inhibitor is chemical compound or substance that, when added in small concentration to an environment, effectively decreases the corrosion rate. Multiphase oil and gas well flowlines at subsea has studied to corrode by contamination of CO2 gas at different temperature, partial pressure, velocity of flow and properties of scale formed at inner wall. Irrecoverable localized corrosions cause failure of structures those are beyond effects of corrosion inhibitors. Pollution of …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 23–33 Read article
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A Comprehensive Review of CMOS Analog Circuit Design Techniques for Low-Power VLSI Systems
Abstract: CMOS analog circuit design plays a significant role in the development of modern low-power Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) systems used in wireless communication, biomedical devices, portable electronics, embedded systems, and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Research on low-power CMOS analogue design methodologies has intensified because to the growing need for high-performance, small, and energy-efficient electronic products. However, reducing power consumption while maintaining signal accuracy, noise performance, stability, bandwidth, and overall …
Published in International Journal of VLSI Circuit Design & Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Development of Polymersomes as Macromolecular Platforms for Nanomedicine
Abstract: The conventional method of drug delivery is plagued with instability, low targeting and low bioavailability. A solution to these shortcomings is the use of polymersomes, artificial vesicles that are produced through self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymer, and they are suggested as universal nanoscale carriers. They have stiff, tunable membranes (thickness = 2–50 nm) due to accurate control of polymer chemistry, chain length, and hydrophilic mass fraction (f), which allows predictability …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 · pp. 71–89 Read article
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Identification of Incidence and Outcome of Diffuse-Axonal Injuries
Abstract: Background: Diffuse axonal injury (DAI), a specific type of traumatic brain injury, may be caused by shearing forces leading to widespread tearing of axons and small vessels. This study is designed to identify the incidence, risk factors, mortality and analyze outcome in DAI. Method: 120 patients with DAI were recorded in the duration of 2 years. DAI was confirmed by signs of injury identified in radiology imaging. Patients underwent surgery, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 18–22 Read article
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Design and Implementation of 256-bit Vedic Multiplier on Reconfigurable Platform
Abstract: Multiplication is a fundamental arithmetic operation in digital signal processing and embedded systems. Traditional multiplier architectures often suffer from increased latency and resource utilization when scaled to higher bit widths. Vedic Mathematics, an ancient Indian technique, offers a novel and efficient alternative. This paper presents the design and implementation of a 256-bit Vedic multiplier using the Urdhva Tiryakbhyam Sutra on a reconfigurable hardware platform, specifically FPGA. The proposed architecture decomposes …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 56–65 Read article
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Optimized Utilization of Kota Stone Slurry Waste in Fly Ash–Based Geopolymer Mortar: A Taguchi-Driven Approach
Abstract: The large-scale generation of stone-processing wastes presents a critical sustainability challenge and an opportunity for value-added reuse in construction materials. This study develops a high-performance fly ash geopolymer mortar by partially replacing Class F fly ash with Kota stone slurry waste (KSSW) and optimizing the key mix parameters using a Taguchi design framework. Five governing factors—binder replacement level, NaOH molarity, sodium silicate–to–sodium hydroxide ratio (SS/SH), curing temperature, and alkaline solution-to-binder …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 426–445 Read article
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Design and Performance Analysis of a Log Periodic Dipole Antenna with a Frequency Range of 1350 to 2690 MHz
Abstract: The introduction of broadband systems to communication and non-communication technologies has demanded the design of broadband antennas. RF antennas have relatively small bandwidth and poor directivity while the log periodic dipole antenna (LPDA) provides better directivity and gain with wide bandwidth. For a communication link and data transmission at higher rates, wider bandwidth is required with high gain and directivity. This necessitates designing a wideband antenna. In this paper, a …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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Overview of Virulence Factor of Staphylococcus sp.
Abstract: Staphylococcus is a highly virulent genus of bacteria that can cause a range of infections in humans and animals. The production of toxins, enzymes, and biofilms contributes to its ability to establish infections and evade host defenses. Understanding the characteristics and virulence factors of Staphylococcus is crucial for the development of effective prevention strategies and treatment options. Staphylococcus aureus is a significant etiological agent of nosocomial infections on a global …
Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 25–31 Read article