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190 articles for “Passive”
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Energy Savings due to passive strategies in contemporary high-rise residential building hot and dry climate
Abstract: Globally, the development of sustainable design techniques is becoming imperative, particularly with the idea of high-rise structures to keep up with the rapidly expanding cities. Approaching design sustainably by developing various sustainable methods is becoming necessary worldwide. Strategies for passive design may be useful in achieving the social, economic, and environmental goals of sustainability. This paper discusses the importance of passive design strategies in high-rise buildings, particularly in the context …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Planning and Development Architecture · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 99–103 Read article
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Active and Passive Automotive Safety: A Technical Review
Abstract: Safety of an automobile is one of the important areas while designing a vehicle. This paper gives an overall view of the different safety features that are taken care of while designing a vehicle. Available technologies of different active and passive safety features were analyzed. These technical features once incorporated in design not only help in avoiding the accidents but also reduce the fatigue caused to the driver which further …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 10–19 Read article
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Passive Capillary Flow of Aqueous Working Liquids in the Straight PMMA Microchannels of Rectangular Cross- sections
Abstract: In this report, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is used to fabricate the straight microchannels of uniform channel widths having rectangular cross-sections. Maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding are the chosen techniques to fabrication the straight PMMA microchannels. Aqueous ethanol and aqueous isopropyl alcohol (IPA) are the prepared aqueous working liquids to study the passive capillary flow characteristics. Total 8 individual straight PMMA microchannels are fabricated in this work. This work …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 5–8 Read article
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An Investigation on Application of Passive Strategies to Improve Thermal Performance of Buildings
Abstract: AbstractThermal comfort is a state of mind that expresses satisfaction with the surrounding environment of the building space. It is different for every individual and also, depends on the nature of activity of each individual occupant in the building. Understanding thermal comfort is important to building architecture, since it not only the basis for building design, but also affects the field of sustainable design or Green Buildings. Buildings’ as a …
Published in Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 12–16 Read article
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Construction and Comparative Analysis of Passive and Active Indirect Hybrid Solar Dryer’s for Drying Tomatoes
Abstract: The surplus agricultural products needed to be preserved by drying during harvesting period for long term storage. The application of modern techniques of solar thermal systems using solar dryers substitutes the use of an olden day’s method of direct sun radiation. This research entailed construction and comparative performances analysis of two different hybrid indirect solar dryers. The average daily air flow rates and temperatures in the dryer’s chamber, the weight …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 17–26 Read article
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Recording on Passive Capillary Flow of Dyed Working Liquids in the Polymer based Microfluidic Devices Fabricated inside the Cleanroom Laboratory
Abstract: In this experimental work, author has fabricated total 13 individual microfluidic devices using the maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography, direct bonding technique, diamond like carbon (DLC) coating, and laboratory-made clamping inside the cleanroom laboratory using author’s own hands-on completely. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is the chosen polymer to fabricate the 10 individual microfluidic devices due to its plasticity and optical transparency. Dyed water, dyed ethylene glycol and dyed ethanol are the prepared …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 35–44 Read article
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Passive Capillary Flow of Aqueous Working Liquids in the PMMA Microfluidic Devices and SU-8 based Glass Microfluidic Devices
Abstract: Abstract: In this work, total 9 individual polymeric microfluidic devices are fabricated. The passive capillary flows of aqueous working liquids are studied in the fabricated polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microfluidic devices and SU-8 based glass microfluidic devices. All the microfluidic devices are fabricated inside the cleanroom laboratory. Dyed aqueous ethanol and dyed aqueous isopropyl alcohol (IPA) are the selected working liquids. CMOS camera is used to record each passive capillary flow in …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 23–28 Read article
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Passive Capillary Flow of Red Dye in the SU-8 based Glass Microfluidic Devices
Abstract: In this work, total three individual SU-8 based glass microfluidic devices are fabricated by the maskless lithography and indirect bonding technique. Commercially available red coloured food dye is used as working liquid. Individual surface-driven capillary flows of red dye are recorded by the CMOS camera. This work will be useful in bioengineering applications.
Published in Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 59–61 Read article
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Optimizing Fin Parameters to Enhance Passive Heat Dissipation in Photovoltaic Panels
Abstract: This study explores passive cooling techniques to enhance the thermal management of photovoltaic (PV) modules, which is crucial for maintaining efficiency. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, using ANSYS Fluent, was developed to evaluate three fin shapes: rectangular, trapezoidal, and triangular, attached to the back of PV modules. The study varied parameters such as fin count, thickness, and length to determine optimal configurations for cooling. Among the designs, triangular fins …
Published in International Journal of Radio Frequency Innovations · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 25–35 Read article
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A Ventilated Dual-Function Photonic–Phononic Metasurface for Simultaneous Passive Radiative Cooling and Low-Frequency Noise Mitigation in Building Envelopes: Conceptual Design and Computational Feasibility Analysis
Abstract: Acoustic metamaterials for sound insulation and photonic/radiative-cooling metamaterials for passive thermal management have each matured separately for building-envelope retrofit, but existing studies address ventilation, acoustic damping and radiative thermal control in isolation, and no reported unit-cell architecture co-designs all three within a single shared structure. This gap persists because materials that are acoustic absorptive are generally dense and structurally opaque, whereas materials that are highly solar-reflective are conventionally applied to …
Published in International Journal of Energy and Thermal Applications · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Reimagining Nuclear Reactor Safety: The Study toward Passive Safety
Abstract: Nuclear power has been at a crossroads for decades. Acclaimed for its massive, decarbonized energy production, it has also been questioned because of the disastrous possibility of mishaps. Nuclear power remains a vital component of the global energy mix, offering a low-carbon, high- capacity solution to growing energy demands. However, its widespread adoption has historically been tempered by public safety concerns, amplified by incidents like Chernobyl and Fukushima. Traditional reactor …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 6–15 Read article
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Investigations with Gigabit Passive Optical Network
Abstract: Gigabit Passive Optical Network is one of the emergent technology to compete with high bandwidth requirement of impending subscribers. Accordingly, this manuscript explores the proposed design of the GPON. Numerical simulations have been executed for the non-return to zero and return to zero pattern with and without the Raman Effect over the single mode fiber of 20 km length of transmission. The design’s performance has been evaluated on the basis …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 40–45 Read article
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Past, Present and Future of Passive Optical Network
Abstract: ABSTRACTDemand for faster and cheaper access network has been rising due to the rapid growth of Internet with new generation of services and applications. Optical fiber has been envisioned for delivering broadband services for more than 30 years and becomes almost essential recently. To address the present and future bandwidth demand, broadband fiber access technologies such as Passive Optical Networks (PONs) are a potential solution. Mostly, Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 16–31 Read article
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Numerical Study and Comparison of Passive Mixing in Helical Micromixers
Abstract: A passive mixing inside three micromixers has been studied with water as the mixing fluid. Since the mixing at the micro-level is governed by species diffusion hence it is a time-consuming process that requires an extended length of micromixer for the required amount of mixing. The present study tackles this problem by introducing two helical micromixers, a Three-dimensional helical micromixer (TDHM), and TDHM having four inlets (TDHM-FO). These micromixers need …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites Read article
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Sustainable Construction: A Case Study of Passive Cooling Using Various Insulation Materials in an Educational Institution
Abstract: This case study is about insulating an education building where steel sheets are used on the rooftop. Steel roof sheets are good conductors of heat and due to which the classrooms below become heated up especially in the summer season from January to May every year. This educational building was constructed in 2014 and the heat build-up is intense and hence the top floor i.e. second floor was mostly unutilised …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 23–31 Read article
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Nanotechnology-Enhanced Battery Management System for Passive Cell Balancing in Lithium-Ion Polymer Batteries for Electric Vehicles
Abstract: The automotive industry is swiftly moving towards eco-friendly innovations, with electric vehicles (EVs) taking center stage in this transformation. A crucial component of these vehicles is the battery, particularly lithium-ion polymer batteries, which exhibit superior performance compared to other battery types. However, these batteries are sensitive to both overvoltage and undervoltage conditions, posing potential safety risks. Additionally, imbalances between individual cells can degrade battery performance and reduce its service life. …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 26, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 27–34 Read article
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Passive Digital Phenotyping for Longitudinal Burnout and Occupational Mental Health Surveillance: A Transformer-Based Explainable Deep Learning Approach Using Smartphone Behavioral Streams
Abstract: Occupational burnout constitutes a pervasive yet chronically under-surveilled public health threat, its insidious temporal evolution rendering episodic self-report instruments structurally inadequate for early detection. This paper introduces BurnoutSense, a passive digital phenotyping framework that continuously harvests eight heterogeneous smartphone behavioral data streams encompassing application usage ecology, communication metadata, geospatial mobility, screen interaction dynamics, inferred sleep rhythmicity, keystroke kinematics, ambient noise exposure, and battery/charging cadence to construct individualized multivariate behavioral signatures …
Published in International Journal of Behavioral Sciences · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 44–53 Read article
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Signal Transmission in Underwater Using Passive Time Reversal for Single and Multiuser
Abstract: This paper describes passive time reversal communications, which enables multiple users to send information simultaneously to the time reversal array. Experimental results at 3.5 kHz with a 1 kHz bandwidth demonstrate that as many as six users can transmit information over a 4 km range in a 120 m deep water using quaternary phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulation, achieving an aggregate data rate of 6 kb/s. Moreover, the same data rate …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 49–54 Read article
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Passive Capillary Flow of Aqueous Working Liquids in the PMMA Microchannel Bends
Abstract: In this work, passive capillary flows or surface-driven capillary flows are recorded in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microfluidic devices using aqueous ethanol and aqueous isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as chosen aqueous working liquids. Microchannel bends are the chosen microfluidic devices with the selected microchannel widths of 50, 120 and 200 micron. This work will be useful to fabricate the PMMA laboratory-on-a-chip systems for bioengineering applications.
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 21–24 Read article
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Passive Capillary Flow of Aqueous Microparticle Suspensions in the Sudden Expansion PMMA Microchannels
Abstract: AbstractAuthor has fabricated a set of sudden expansions micro channels in the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microfluidic devices by the maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography, drilling, air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma processing, direct bonding technique and chip separation technique. The surface-driven capillary flow of dyed water and three individual aqueous microparticle suspensions are studied with respect to the effects of channel aspect ratio, effective viscosity and surface wettability. The number densities …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 13–17 Read article