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20 articles for “underdevelopment”
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External Loan: One Step Forward, Many Step Backward for Socio-Economic Development in Nigeria
Abstract: The paper focuses attention on the negative impact of external loan on the Nigerian socio-economic development. The desire for rapid socio-economic development at independence forced the leaders of the first republic to collect one form of loan or the other in order to improve the nation’s infrastructure. In the 1970’s the oil boom re-positioned Nigeria as one of the rich and potential countries destined for rapid socio-economic development. Unfortunately, the …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 15–22 Read article
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Detection of Cervical Cancer Using lncRNA Expression Data and Detection of Possible Biomarkers with Bagged CART Machine Learning Method
Abstract: Aim: Cervical cancer (CC), one of the most common gynecological cancers, occurs when the cell layer that forms the surface of the cervix turns into abnormal cells. This type of cancer ranks fourth in cancer-related female deaths, and 3.6% of women living in developed countries suffer from this disease, while approximately 15% of women living in underdeveloped countries are exposed to this cancer. The primary means of reducing the high …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 12–20 Read article
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Arduino-Based Embedded-Software for Offline and Web-Based Attendance System
Abstract: Embedded software originally controlled hardware but algorithm and software developed determine mode of control and action expected of the hardware. Arduino hardware microcontroller board called Arduino UNO is one of the best electronics boards with coding these days while many attendance systems developed today are mostly one-way. Many developing and underdeveloped countries cannot guaranty 24/7 electricity and strong network connection or data for fully online attendance system. Based on this …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications Read article
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Robotics & Automation: Will it be the Game Changer in the Indian Healthcare Industry?
Abstract: Healthcare can be defined as improvement of health of the population by preventing and curing disease (includes both physical and mental impairments) by proper diagnosis and treatment. Robotics is the study of two interdisciplinary subjects, one of which is engineering and the other is computer science. Robotics includes various processes such as construction, design, logical arrangement and use of robots for ensuring accuracy of the services to be provided. Robotics …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 33–45 Read article
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Exploration as Construction: An Analysis of the Role and Impact of African Political Thought on Some Colonized African States and Societies
Abstract: This study examines some major developments discovered under the subject matter titled: “Exploration as Construction: An Analysis of the Role and Impact of African Political Thought on Some Colonized African States and Societies”. The study drew upon a combination of published and unpublished sources during its research process. The study argues that the positive role and impact of African Political Thought, on Colonized Africa could not be ignored. The constructive …
Published in OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Low-Grade Heat Recovery: Emerging Materials and Systems for Efficient Utilization
Abstract: Low-grade heat (LGH), generally characterized by temperatures below 200°C, constitutes a significant portion of wasted thermal energy in industrial, commercial, and even residential processes. Despite its vast availability, the efficient recovery and utilization of LGH remains underdeveloped due to its inherently low exergy content and the limitations of traditional heat recovery technologies. The creation of cutting-edge materials and creative system-level approaches for LGH recovery has accelerated significantly as companies continue …
Published in International Journal of Energy and Thermal Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 24–29 Read article
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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Neglected Tropical Diseases Among Women and Children in Rural Liberia: A Regional Perspective
Abstract: Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) remain a critical public health challenge in Liberia, disproportionately affecting women and children in rural regions due to systemic inequities in water, sanitation, and healthcare access. This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence and risk factors of NTDs among 1,000 participants (600 children above 15 years and 400 women aged 15–49) in rural Liberia using stratified and cluster sampling. Laboratory diagnostics, including Kato-Katz stool analysis, urine filtration, …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Codal Validation and Optimization of Gantry Girders Under Variable Wheelbase and Impact Loads: A Review of Analytical, Numerical, and Codal Approaches
Abstract: Gantry girders serve as critical structural elements in industrial facilities such as steel plants, workshops, and heavy manufacturing units, where electric overhead traveling (EOT) cranes operate. The design of these girders is governed by stringent codal provisions to ensure safety under bending, shear, and deflection. However, discrepancies between codal predictions, analytical formulations, and finite element analysis (FEA) results, particularly under variable wheelbase and dynamic impact loads, have been widely reported. …
Published in Journal of Offshore Structure and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 23–29 Read article
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Nanoparticle-Based Early Diagnostic Tools for Tuberculosis and Malaria in Rural India
Abstract: Malaria and Tuberculosis continue to be two major public health challenges in rural India. The interplay between an inefficient health care system, late diagnosis, and under-identification of cases contributes to the high morbidity and mortality associated with TB and Malaria. Conventional methods, such as sputum microscopy for TB, microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria, have a higher benchmark of sensitivity that requires a certain amount of time, skilled …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 45–51 Read article
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Mycotoxins in Grains: Toxicological Impact, Detection Strategies, and Public Health Implications
Abstract: Many types of fungi create mycotoxins, which contaminate cereal grains like wheat, maize, rice, and barley. Even at low doses, aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, and deoxynivalenol are harmful to humans and animals. This study covers mycotoxin occurrence, detection, toxicological consequences, and public health concerns in grain-based food systems. Advanced analytical methods, like LC–MS, ELISA, and biosensors, are discussed for their sensitivity and routine monitoring applications. Experimental and epidemiological studies analyze chronic …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 8–18 Read article
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Spintronic Logic Circuits for Ultrafast Processing
Abstract: Spintronic logic has emerged as one of the most promising post-CMOS paradigms capable of addressing the speed, density, and energy challenges of deeply scaled silicon technologies. By relying on the intrinsic properties of electron spin and magnetization dynamics, spintronic devices—particularly Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (MTJs), Spin-Transfer Torque (STT), and Spin–Orbit Torque (SOT) structures—enable ultrafast, non-volatile data processing with significantly reduced energy consumption. Despite remarkable device-level advancements, circuit- level realization of high-speed, …
Published in International Journal of VLSI Circuit Design & Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 35–43 Read article
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From Knowledge to Action: Contribution of Environmental Studies in Sustainable Development
Abstract: In the contemporary era, most developing and underdeveloped nations across the world are striving to achieve rapid economic growth. However, it is essential to recognize that this unplanned and indiscriminate pursuit of development has resulted in significant environmental degradation. Increasing urbanization, industrialization, population growth, and excessive exploitation of natural resources have caused serious adverse impacts on the environment. As a result, sustainable development and environmental protection have emerged as major …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Mapping A Contextualized Southern Africa's Innovation Ecosystem: The Emerging Role of Higher Education in Promoting Inclusive Innovation and Rural Industrialization
Abstract: Higher education institutions (HEIs) are increasingly recognized as strategic actors in shaping innovation ecosystems that can respond to persistent socio-economic inequalities in the Global South. In Southern Africa, where rural underdevelopment, youth unemployment, weak industrial bases, and uneven innovation capacities remain pressing concerns, universities are under growing pressure to move beyond their traditional teaching and research mandates and contribute more directly to inclusive development. This paper examines the emerging role …
Published in International Journal of Rural and Regional Development · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 14–27 Read article
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Leveraging AI and Machine Learning for Early Prediction and Prevention of Non- Communicable Diseases in Resource-Limited Settings
Abstract: Populations in these regions face persistent structural barriers, such as underdeveloped healthcare infrastructure, shortages of trained health professionals, and fragmented or incomplete health information systems. These limitations delay timely diagnosis, restrict access to preventive care, and compromise effective disease management. In recent years, rapid progress in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has opened promising avenues to mitigate these challenges. Practical applications already emerging include mobile health platforms for …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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Design and Implementation of a Long Range Decentralized Vehicular Network
Abstract: The paper proposes a technique for establishing a long range decentralized vehicular ad-hoc network, with the aim to solve on-road traffic problems faced by drivers and other stakeholders such as cyclists and pedestrians. The proposed technique doesn’t make use of internet connectivity and hence is suitable for both, underdeveloped and developing countries as well. The technology can also be used for navigation purposes and sensing the environment (surrounding vehicles) for …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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Fabrication and Performance Analysis of Automatic Dual-axis Sun Tracking System using LDR Sensors
Abstract: Solar energy is experiencing exponential growth as a viable technique of increasing renewable energy resources. Engineers need to be versed with the innovation used in this domain.Since the solar array can remain oriented to the sun, solar tracking enables considerably increased power generation. A dual-axis solar tracker can track the Sun's radiation on both horizontal andvertical axes at the same time. They work on the same concept as astronomical telescope …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 37–48 Read article
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Arduino-Based Embedded-Software for Offline and Web-Based Attendance System
Abstract: Embedded software originally controlled hardware but algorithm and software developed determine mode of control and action expected of the hardware. Arduino hardware microcontroller board called Arduino UNO is one of the best electronics boards with coding these days while many attendance systems developed today are mostly one-way. Many developing and underdeveloped countries cannot guaranty 24/7 electricity and strong network connection or data for fully online attendance system. Based on this …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 12–22 Read article
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Aesthetic Rehabilitation of Primary Anterior Teeth using Different Approaches: A Case Series
Abstract: One of the challenges faced by Pedodontists is the successful aesthetic rehabilitation preschool children who have advanced carious lesions. Importance given to oral health care in preschool children is absent in most of the developing and underdeveloped countries. Early loss of primary teeth causes pain, discomfort, and functional disturbances. It alters the quality of life of patients and their parents. It hampers the cognitive development of the child because of …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 8–13 Read article
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Assessment of Magnitude and Associated Factors of Adverse Birth Outcomes among Deliveries at Suhul Hospital Shire Tigray, Ethiopia from September, 2015 to February, 2016
Abstract: An adverse birth outcome is common phenomena both in developed and underdeveloped countries. Among all these adverse birth outcomes prematurity, low birth weight and stillbirth are the most common cases. Each year, about 15 million babies in the world, more than one in 10 births, are born too prematurely. More than 7% of those babies die shortly after birth; countless others suffer from lifelong physical, neurological, or educational disabilities, often …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Family Burden of Tuberculosis on Female Patients
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) affects mostly economically active populations in underdeveloped and developing countries, therefore TB can have far-reaching economic and social consequences among infected people and other members of their family. TB is the second leading reason behind death worldwide amongst communicable diseases. TB kills approximately 1 million women in a year and is chargeable for more deaths in women within the reproductive people. The burden assessment schedule (BAS) has been …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 7–13 Read article