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29 articles for “commercial accounting”
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An Analysis of Social Audit in the District of Purba Medinipur in West Bengal with the Help of Mathematical and Statistical Techniques
Abstract: “If Brazil has its Bolsa Familia and Mexico its Progresa, famous for the schemes for alleviating poverty; India is recently making news internationally. India’s system of social audits, that is, independent but local auditing of social programmes to fight poverty, like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), is attracting world attention”. In the light of this statement, an attempt has been made to do an assessment about …
Published in E-Commerce for Future & Trends · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 10–14 Read article
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WDM Transmission for Free Space Optics under Different Atmospheric Conditions
Abstract: AbstractThis paper presents the design and simulation of a 32-channel WDM transmission system for free space optics (FSO) taking different atmospheric effects (rain, fog and scintillation) into account. The commercial software, namely, OptiSystem is used for the design of WDM-FSO where the system performances are evaluated in terms of bit error rate (BER) and eye diagrams. Weather data of Khulna, a district in the south-western part of Bangladesh, is used …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Blockchain Technology: Systematic Review of Security and Privacy Problems and Its Scope with Internet of Things (IoT)
Abstract: Blockchain (BC) is a mutual, circulated record that encourages the process of chronicle exchanges and following resources in a business arrange. It empowers parties who do not completely confide in one another to keep up a lot of worldwide states. The gatherings concur on the presence, qualities, and accounts of the states. It is a framework including transactions, immutable records, decentralized companions, encryption forms, consensus systems, and optional smart contracts. …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 24–28 Read article
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Optimization of Transmission System by adopting 765/800KV Ultra High Voltage Network and its Technical Configurations
Abstract: In the era of persistent capacity shortages, ever increasing demand scenario, increased market operation and formation of National grid, new challenges have arisen in operation and control of large integrated and interconnected power system in India. The paper chronologies development of interconnected system in India from the state of independent utilities of 1950s to the well developed present interconnected National Grid. High voltage has been attractive proposition for large power …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 31–42 Read article
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Achieving Energy Economy and Sustainable Development by Decentralized Energy Planning in Angkuchen Village, Sikkim: A Case Study
Abstract: Energy is the fuel for the growth of human civilization. But what becomes of utmost importance by current trends is proper management of the energy resources. The commercial energy consumption, in current state of affairs, is about 67% of the total energy consumed in India. This includes coal with the largest share of 57%, followed by oil at 28%, natural gas at 12% and hydro energy at 3%. Non-commercial energy …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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Marketing Strategy in digital age: A Study on some selected banks in Kolkata
Abstract: India’s present business environment is marked by intense competition and complexity set in due to the liberalization policies of the successive Governments. Consequently, the banks have been forced to change its marketing strategy from transaction based to relation based. A reason being with the advent of digital age the customers have the easy option of switching their allegiance with a simple click of a mouse. The banks are now resorting …
Published in E-Commerce for Future & Trends · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 7–17 Read article
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Impact of Pesticides in Commercial Bee Farming: A review
Abstract: The presence of honey bees in the environment has a significant impact on global food production. Honey bees pollinate 71 crops out of 100 most common crops that account for 90% of the world's food supply, which makes them efficient pollinators of crops. While searching for pollen and nectar, the bee is often unprotected from several chemical toxins such as plant protection products. These chemicals enter their body via a …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 8–14 Read article
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Ghana’s Nuclear Power Option and Associated Safeguards Technique
Abstract: The adequate supply of electricity is a pre-requisite for industrialization, sustainable development and a key policy agenda for national development. Economic consumption of electricity production would have to be augmented to satisfy Ghana’s high level of economic growth and social well-being in the future. In 2008, cabinet decision was taken to proceed with the nuclear power plant construction roadmap. As part of the preparations being made towards the implementation of …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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The Pre-domestic Approach: Insights from Capsicum pubescens and Gallus gallus Essays
Abstract: Essays for the Pre-domestic Approach defined as organic, free-range and producer-consumer fair trade production of domesticated animals in association with plants of commercial relevance where the maximum potential of animal survival instinct thus genomic potential is favored by the producer have been carried out for Capsicum pubescens and Gallus gallus and an account of early results is presented for the reader. Although much research is required and will be carried …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology Read article
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A Novel Sentence Ranking Clustering Based Algorithm for Text Summarization
Abstract: Text Summarization is the process of generating reduced text from source document by extraction or generation. A novel approach will be presented for extractive text summarization. The proposed technique performs filtering and then ranking on sentences based on NLP text mining techniques. This method uses the synonyms extracted from online thesaurus dictionary to identify similar sentences and then clusters these sentences to summarize. The sentences are ranked based on sentence …
Published in Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research & Advances · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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A Review on Life Cycle Assessment of Solar Photovoltaic Electricity Generation Systems
Abstract: A popular system for calculating the environmental effects of energy systems from conception to death is life cycle assessment, or LCA. As a low-carbon generation technology, solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have fast spread throughout the world. The various PV technologies (monocrystalline, polycrystalline, thin-film), system scales (residential, commercial, utility), industrial locations, balance of system (BOS) configurations, and end-of-life (EoL) scenarios are all covered in this review of published life cycle assessment …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Analysis of Tall Structures for Different Stiffness Ratios of Columns to Shear Walls and Column Shortening
Abstract: Differential axial shortening in a structure causes axial force redistribution among columns and walls, and introduces additional forces in the horizontal members such as beams and slab. Hence, it needs to be considered in the design, especially for medium to high-rise buildings. The best way to illustrate differential column shortening is to conduct floor-by-floor analysis, generally known as construction sequence analysis. Commercial software ETABS is available for conducting sequential analysis. …
Published in Journal of Structural Engineering and Management · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 36–43 Read article
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Assessment of Noise Pollution Level in Port Harcourt City: a Location Based Comparative Study
Abstract: Noise pollution has emerged as a significant environmental health concern in urban centers, particularly in rapidly developing cities like Port Harcourt, Nigeria. This study presents a comprehensive, location-based comparative assessment of ambient noise levels across selected zones within Port Harcourt metropolis, including residential, commercial, industrial, and traffic-dense areas. Sound level measurements were conducted in the different areas of Port-Harcourt metropolis. High-density and low-density residential neighborhoods, busy roadways, business centers, road …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Noise and Pollution Control · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 7–17 Read article
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Role of Functional Foods and Bioactive Components in Building Immunity
Abstract: Milk is termed as a complete food as it is a storehouse of almost all the nutrients required by the human body for survival. Besides the traditional components, milk also contains several critical components that can successfully contribute to the strengthening of immune system of the body. In recent years, focus is given to the importance of food which provide benefits beyond basic nutrition and energy. To understand functional food, …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 25–31 Read article
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Rural Banking in India: Its Contribution and Significance
Abstract: Considering the role and importance of agriculture in Indian economy for employment generation to poverty alleviation, rural development taken as one of the most important path for nation’s growth. It is found that most of rural populations are poor and they depend upon agriculture. For a smooth implementation in credit delivery mechanism of rural poor, government of India promoted rural regional banks. Rural banking in India plays a vital role …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 0, Issue 0, 2011 · pp. 60–68 Read article
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Return on Investments and Payback Period Calculations for Solar Rooftop Power Plants: A Case Study for Gujarat, India
Abstract: Solar roof-top and ground-top systems are proven technology now-a-days. The roof-top systems are becoming popular in residential, commercial and industrial consumers. This paper deals with payback period calculations for 1 kW and 2 kW domestic and 15 kW industrial users at Rajkot, Gujarat, India. Different solar PV investment models are discussed here in this paper. Actual solar power generation data, as well as the project data for the different sites, …
Published in Journal of Power Electronics and Power Systems · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 24–28 Read article
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Comparison of a Human Papillomavirus Test with the Hybrid Capture 2 and a Real-Time PCR Method for 18 High-Risk and Low-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infections in Women
Abstract: Squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs), which are a kind of cancer, and HUMAN papillomavirus (HPV) viral load have frequently been investigated as a risk factor in findings that were in dispute. These studies made use of several HPV viral quantitation assays [including the commercially available hybrid capture 2 (HC2) assays], which vary in their capacity to consider variations in cervical cell collection, linear dynamic range of viral load quantitation, and identified …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 10–16 Read article
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Solid Acid Catalysts for the Selective Conversion of Biomass to Levulinic Acid
Abstract: Levulinic acid (LA) has emerged as a versatile platform chemical with significant potential for producing renewable fuels like gamma-valerolactone (GVL), biodegradable polymers, and fine chemicals from biomass (both terrestrial and marine which ae rich in carbohydrate). The selective conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates to LA requires efficient catalytic systems that can overcome the recalcitrance of the biomass, namely the stiff-necked structural integrity of cellulose and the kind of strong interactions between …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 23–35 Read article
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Fluid Flow Analysis and Flow Path Optimization of a Centrifugal Fuel Injector for a Turboshaft Aero Engine
Abstract: The present work of optimization is made for specific dimensions of a rotary fuel injector used in two of the high-performance defense helicopter’s gas turbine engines, presently. The need for doing this study is to meet the thermal design requirements of limiting the combustion chamber temperatures to an optimum designed value which heavily depends on finely divided homogeneous droplet sizes, the SMD (Sauter Mean Diameter) of the fuel that is …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 22–27 Read article
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Measuring Innovation: Approaches, Challenges and Measurement Practices
Abstract: AbstractInnovation has become a significant concept in present state of affairs. It has become imperative to calculate the innovation in order to handle it effectively and efficiently. However, measurement & calculation of the concept of innovation has turned out to be a difficult task. This paper basically focuses the meaning and measurement of innovation at the organisation level. Innovation has been defined as the procedure of presenting new ideas to …
Published in E-Commerce for Future & Trends · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 41–49 Read article