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559 articles for “and Toxicity.”
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Toxicology 4.0: Integrating Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Health Informatics, and Precision Analytics for Predictive Toxicity Assessment, Real-Time Toxicovigilance, and Personalized Patient Safety
Abstract: Background: Toxicology is undergoing a major transformation, increasingly described as Toxicology 4.0, driven by the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, health informatics, and precision analytics. Conventional toxicity testing is limited by high costs, lengthy timelines, and challenges in translating animal and low-throughput in vitro findings to humans. Aim and Objectives: To comprehensively evaluate the emerging role of Toxicology 4.0 in predictive toxicity assessment, real-time toxicovigilance, and personalized …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Toxicology and Its Branches: A Brief Review
Abstract: Toxicology is called the science of poisons or can be defined as any substance, whose exposure can cause harm to any living body or to the environment. It can also be defined as the study of adverse effects of different chemical, biological or physical agents on living organisms and the ecosystems, including the prevention & enhancement of such adverse effects. It is concerned with all aspects of different poisons and …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 27–45 Read article
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Assess the Level of Knowledge in Clinical Toxicology Among the Delegates Attended the State Level Conference in Clinical Toxicology
Abstract: This abstract highlights the essential role of healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, and physician assistants, in continually learning and enhancing their skills in clinical toxicology. Clinical toxicology is a crucial field for managing patients who have been poisoned or are experiencing drug overdoses. In a hospital setting, the professionals, such as those working in the poison control center, play a vital role as first responders in cases of toxicological emergencies. …
Published in Journal of Nursing Science & Practice · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 14–18 Read article
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A brief survey on Alternative and Complementary Medicine with special reference to safety, toxins and toxicological concerns
Abstract: Alternative and Complementary Medicine (ACM) is a wide range of healthcare practices that may be used within or alongside conventional medicine, and many of these practices are rapidly becoming accepted and integrated into the modern healthcare system. In addition to traditional medicine systems (e.g. Ayurveda, Unani Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Homeopathy), ACM includes practices that utilize natural remedies including herbal medicine, phytotherapy, naturopathy, acupuncture, yoga, and meditation. While these …
Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 30–45 Read article
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An in-silico toxicity study of the phytocompounds found in Pongamia pinnata leaves using the ProTox-II web server
Abstract: The aim of the current study was to determine the Insilco toxicity of the phytocompound present in the leaves of Pongamia pinnata. The leaves of Pongamia pinnata have long been used in traditional medicine for their therapeutic properties. Nowadays, herbal toxicity is a common problem caused by incorrect dosage. The FDA reviews the safety and effectiveness of herbal products only in response to patient or health care provider complaints—problems with …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Crop science and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Toxicology-Focused Development and Validation of an RP-HPLC Technique for Quantifying Bempefoic Acid and Rosuvastatin in a Fixed-Dose Combination
Abstract: A straightforward, precise method was developed to simultaneously assess Bempedoic acid and Rosuvastatin in both bulk and tablet forms. Utilizing a DIKMA Spursil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 3.0 μm), chromatography was conducted with a mobile phase comprising 30% phosphate buffer and 70% acetonitrile, flowing at 1 ml/min. Operating at ambient temperature, the optimized wavelength for detection was set at 240 nm, revealing retention times of 4.418 min …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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A Supervised Learning Approach for Toxic Comment Detection on Social Media Platforms
Abstract: Nowadays everyone uses social media platforms like X (formerly Twitter), Instagram, Facebook, etc. for various purposes. With the help of this, we share our opinions, ideas, and feelings. Generally, the datasets obtained from the internet are constructive; however, there is a significant proportion of toxic ones. The datasets are filtered to remove noise, and noise is removed in post-processing. The study initiates with the upload and preprocessing of a toxic …
Published in Journal of Mobile Computing, Communications & Mobile Networks · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 7–14 Read article
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Cadmium Toxicity: Oxidative Stress and Organ Dysfunction
Abstract: Due to continued anthropogenic mobilization, cadmium accumulation in the environment causes various health problems because of its diverse toxic effects, extremely lingering biological half life (20–30 years), low rate of excretion from the body and storage predominantly in soft tissue primarily liver and kidney. Cadmium is known to have numerous noxious effects, including nephrotoxicity, hepatoxicity, osteoporosis, cardiovascular toxicity, lung toxicity, and reproductive toxicity. The biologically significant ionic form of cadmium, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 14–31 Read article
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Safety of Ayurvedic Metal Origin Bhasma (Dhatu varga) through Acute Toxicity Studies: A Review
Abstract: Bhasma possess broad-spectrum therapeutic utility but are blamed due to frequently raising toxicity concerns. Although their safety has been evident with practice since ancient times, scientifically proven through toxicity studies, clinical safety, still comprehensive conclusive documentation is needed. Online published research articles on in vivo, oral single dose, acute toxicity studies on Bhasma of Dhatu Varga were searched through search engines and observations on behavioural, ponderal, autopsy, maximum tolerated dose …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 43–50 Read article
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Evaluation of Marine Waste Water And Aromatic Hydrocarbons Toxicity Using A Battery of Assays
Abstract: Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the toxic effects of marine wastewater and representative aromatic hydrocarbons using a battery of assays. The methods employed for the toxicological evaluation involve physic-chemical analysis of the marine wastewater, toxi-chromo test using mutant E coli and sub-chronic animal toxicity testing with emphasis on body weight determination, biochemical indices and histopathological examination. The results showed that Nembe water side wastewater sample contain …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Comprehensive Insights into Toxicology: Mechanisms, Applications, and Modern Developments
Abstract: Toxicology, the study of the harmful effects of substances on living organisms, has become increasingly vital in today's world due to industrial growth, agricultural advancements, and heightened exposure to environmental and chemical toxins. This article examines the foundations of toxicology, exploring its definitions, core principles, and mechanisms of action. It also delves into specialized branches such as forensic, environmental, and medical toxicology, highlighting the differences between toxicants, toxins, and poisons, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 31–37 Read article
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Two-chamber Medical Electroflotator for Cleaning of the Lymph of Cancer Patients from Toxic Substances and for the Destruction and Removal of Cancer Cells Contained in It
Abstract: Existing devices for cleaning of the lymph of patients with liver cirrhosis or hepatitis from a high concentration of toxic substances, contained in it, do not allow cleaning the body of patients from these toxic substances. In addition, these devices require the patient's lymph to be purified in a discrete mode, i.e., all the patient's lymph, without which the patient remains, is purified for a sufficiently long time, and after …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 21–27 Read article
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Phytochemical Screening, Proximate Analysis and Acute Toxicity Study of Ethanolic Extract of Launaea taraxacifolia on Visceral Organs of Albino Rats
Abstract: Despite increase in the acceptance of herbs for the treatment of certain diseases, there are limited information on the effectiveness, safety and toxicity of herbs. In this study, proximate analysis, phytochemical screening and acute toxicity studies on the herbal recipe, Launaea taraxacifolia were carried out. Constituents of Launaea taraxacifolia were extracted using ethanol. Phytochemical screening and proximate analysis were carried out on the extract. Fifteen (15) albino rats, divided into …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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The Acute Toxicological Effects of Paraquat on Male Reproductive Hormones (Testosterone, Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone) of Intoxicated Rats
Abstract: Paraquat (PQ) a contact herbicide widely used to control weeds in agricultural, recreational, or industrial sites has been linked in various studies as a contributory agent to high male infertility in regions of most use. The current study investigated the acute toxicity effect of PQ administered intraperitoneal (ip.) on reproductive hormones; luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (Te) of male rats. 24 rats, grouped four per group …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 13–16 Read article
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Review on Arsenic Toxicity: Its Treatment And Prevention
Abstract: Arsenic, a metalloid is distributed throughout the surface of the earth. It has various oxidation states, most common being +3 and +5. It is a highly toxic element and is often found in groundwater and contaminated drinking water and can enter the body through various routes like ingestion, absorption and inhalation. Arsenic toxicity can be both acute as well as chronic and can lead to several diseases of the human …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 17–22 Read article
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Toxicity Evaluation of a Few PAHs on a Local Freshwater Fish—Rasbora daniconius
Abstract: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) have become ubiquitous pollutants of water resulting mainly from petroleum products. These are absorbed into the living systems and converted into secondary metabolites which show bioaccumulation in the living systems and have several deleterious effects on them. The present study attempts to evaluate toxicity of two such PAHs— Naphthalene and Anthracene—on the freshwater fish, Rasbora daniconius, using pure PAHs dissolved in dichloromethane. LC50 values were seen …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 42–46 Read article
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Sub-acute Toxicity of β-cyfluthrin in Hepatic Tissue and its Amelioration through Punica granatum in Swiss albino mice
Abstract: β-cyfluthrin, member of synthetic pyrethroid pesticide Type II is broadly used multipurpose insecticide. Widespread and indiscriminate use of β-cyfluthrin leads to environmental contamination and toxicity towards nontarget mammalian systems. The present study was undertaken to examine toxic manifestation of β-cyfluthrin in hepatic tissue of Swiss albino mice and also evaluate possible mitigative potential of pomegranate juice (PJ) in combating pesticide induced hepato-toxicity. Animals were divided into five groups namely, control, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 41–52 Read article
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A Unique Insight on Detoxification and Inactivation of Metal Toxicity in Herbal-Metal Preparations in Siddha System
Abstract: Metal chelating property of various time tested siddha herbs were tested individually vis a vis Phyllanthus emblica, Embelia ribes, Elettaria cardamomum, Withania somnifera, Corollocarpus epigaeus, Centella asiatica, Celastrus paniculatus, Smilax chinensis, Psoralea corylifolia, Solanum trilobatum and Indigofera aspalathoides. Most of the plants showed metal chelating effect suggesting their role in in-activating metal toxicity. Use of these herbs along with metal preparation may offer some value in reducing toxicity due to …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 13–17 Read article
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Food Packaging Chemicals and Human Health: Molecular Toxicity, Exposure Pathways, and Regulatory Perspectives
Abstract: Food packaging plays a vital role in preserving food quality, extending shelf life, and ensuring safe transportation. However, increasing evidence indicates that chemicals from packaging materials can migrate into food during processing, storage, and consumption, resulting in chronic human exposure. Several food packaging chemicals, including bisphenols, phthalates, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), styrene, heavy metals, and non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), have emerged as important xenobiotics due to their potential adverse …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Protective Effects of Phyllanthus amarus and Sida acuta Extracts Against DoxorubicinInduced Toxicity in Chick Embryo Models
Abstract: Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone of cancer treatment, yet severe side effects, including cardiotoxicity often limit its clinical application. Doxorubicin, a widely used anticancer drug, is particularly associated with dose-dependent toxicities that impact the heart, liver, and kidneys. In search of complementary approaches to mitigate these adverse effects, this study evaluates the protective potential of hydro-alcoholic extracts from Phyllanthus amarus and Sida acuta, two medicinal plants with known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 Read article