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268 articles for “Vulnerable”
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Triple-Threat Analysis: Measuring Mythril, Slither and Oyente Against Real-World Smart Contract Vulnerabilities
Abstract: Smart contracts have become fundamental building blocks of blockchain ecosystems, yet their immutable nature makes security vulnerabilities particularly devastating. This pa- per presents a comprehensive evaluation of three prominent static analysis tools—Mythril, Slither, and Oyente—for detecting vulnerabilities in Ethereum smart contracts. Through systematic experimentation with real-world contract categories (voting sys- tems, land registries, and crowdfunding platforms), we quantify the effectiveness of each tool across eight critical vulnerability types, including reentrancy, …
Published in Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research & Advances · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 Read article
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An Automated Smart Contract Repair Framework for Reentrancy, Integer Overflow, and Denial- of-Service Vulnerabilities
Abstract: This paper introduces a novel static analysis framework designed to bridge a long-standing gap in Ethereum smart contract security: the disconnect between vulnerability detection and automated remediation. Although widely adopted tools such as Slither and Oyente are highly effective at identifying security weaknesses, they stop short of providing actionable fixes. As a result, developers manually patch vulnerabilities, a process that is not only time-consuming but also susceptible to human error …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–41 Read article
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Socio-economic Study of Slum to Estimate Vulnerability In Order To Develop Proper Resettlement/Rehabilitation Process.
Abstract: About 900 million people, by the lowest estimations, are currently residing in urban slums. This figure rises to 1.6 billion when informal settlements of various forms are included. This amounts to roughly a quarter of the world's urban population. A sizable portion of India's urban population resides in slums. They encounter substantial barriers when accessing adequate housing and basic amenities (water, sanitation, social facilities, etc.). Government agencies’ attempts to address …
Published in International Journal of Urban Design and Development · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 33–46 Read article
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Climate Change and Economic Vulnerability in Pakistan: An Analysis of Future Risks
Abstract: This paper discussed effects of climate change on economic vulnerability in Pakistan. The findings show that the nation's economy is negatively impacted by climate change. Poverty, unemployment, crime, forest fire, diseases, migration, internal displacement, urban slum, flood etc. will be increase in future due to climate change. Biodiversity and economic balance will be disturbed. Food production, electricity supply, basic infrastructure will be badly affected. Development activities in water resources, as …
Published in International Journal of Climate Conditions · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 39–46 Read article
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The Heat of Competition: Assessing Climate Vulnerabilities and Adaptive Governance in Endurance, Winter, and Youth Sports
Abstract: Background: Climate change is fundamentally reshaping the environmental parameters of global sport, posing unprecedented risks to athlete health, safety, and performance. As rising temperatures, frequent extreme heat events, and deteriorating air quality become the new normal, athletic environments from community fields to elite international arenas face an existential threat. Purpose: This study provides an interdisciplinary synthesis of the multifaceted impacts of climate change on athletes, integrating evidence from sports medicine, …
Published in International Journal of Climate Conditions · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 9–17 Read article
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A Study on Drone Hacking: Vulnerabilities and Mitigation Techniques
Abstract: This paper explores the current cybersecurity landscape surrounding Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), commonly known as drones. With rapid growth in commercial and recreational drone use, the risk of cyber-attacks has also increased. This study highlights real-world vulnerabilities such as GPS spoofing, Wi-Fi hijacking, and firmware exploitation. It also suggests practical mitigation techniques, including encryption, real-time anomaly detection using machine learning, and secure communication protocols. The goal is to support researchers, …
Published in International Journal on Drones · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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A Study on Determination of Seismic Susceptibility in Existing Buildings in Ward No-18 of Dhaka North Using Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) Method
Abstract: The research work presents a comprehensive analysis of the Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) method applied to 200 buildings in Ward No. 18 of Dhaka North City. The study focused on assessing the seismic vulnerability of these structures, categorizing them into damage grades based on the RVS evaluation. Strikingly, the findings revealed that 191 out of the 200 buildings were classified as damage grade 5, signifying severe structural deficiencies. In contrast, …
Published in International Journal of Climate Conditions · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 28–37 Read article
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Development of River Flood Management plan “Case of Patna City”
Abstract: This Research Paper develops an Integrated River Flood Management plan for Patna city, which includes Policy Framework and Implementation Strategy by increasing resilience and reducing river flood through various Interventions like Land use planning, Low Impact Development, Embankments, leaves, Dykes and ecosystem-based adaptation, resilient infrastructure, and community engagement identified from various Literature studies. It ensures Development of framework for River Flood in the region. It also talks about the Parameters …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 38–79 Read article
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Unveiling Bihar's Atmospheric Crisis: A Synoptic Review of PM 2.5 Dynamics, Source Attribution, and Airshed Vulnerabilities in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain (Bihar)
Abstract: Bihar, situated in the pollution-trapping Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), faces a severe air pollution crisis characterized by annual PM2.5 concentrations of 80–100 μg m-3 exceeding WHO guidelines (5 μg m-3) and Indian NAAQS (40 μg m-3) by 4–6-fold. This review synthesizes data from CPCB/BSPCB monitoring, MODIS satellite retrievals, and peer-reviewed studies (2000–2025) to assess ambient air quality, sources, health impacts, policies, and research gaps in the state. PM2.5 and PM10 dominate, …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Circadian Regulation of Lipid Peroxidation in the Brain: Linking Ferroptosis to Neurodegenerative Vulnerability
Abstract: The human brain operates through highly coordinated physiological and biochemical processes that regulate cognition, behavior, and neural adaptability. Central to these processes are mechanisms governing brain function, neurophysiology, and neuroplasticity, which are increasingly recognized to be influenced by circadian rhythms. Recent advances in cognitive neuroscience, neuroimaging, and behavioral neuroscience have revealed that disruptions in circadian regulation can significantly impact oxidative balance within the brain, particularly through enhanced lipid peroxidation. Lipid …
Published in International Journal of Brain Sciences · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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An in-Depth Analysis of Cyber Security: Vulnerabilities, Threat Landscapes, Attack Mechanisms, and Defense Solutions
Abstract: In a highly digitalized world today, cyber security has taken over as a necessary component to safeguarding the modern world technology. With the increase in the dependency on the digital platform and online services, the threat of cyber threats has also risen. Such threats are not confined to mere attacks anymore, as they have taken a new form of complexity and magnitude to impact individuals, businesses, government institutions among others. …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Integrated Remote Sensing Indices for Assessing Pre-Monsoon Water Scarcity Vulnerability in a Semi-Arid Coastal Ecosystem: A Case Study of Barda Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India
Abstract: Freshwater availability fundamentally shapes the structure and function of dryland ecosystems, where evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation for most of the year. Protected areas in semiarid regions face intensifying hydrological stress from climate variability, growing wildlife populations, and resident human communities, yet systematic spatial assessments of water scarcity remain scarce for many critical habitats. The Barda Wildlife Sanctuary in coastal Gujarat, India, has recently become a secondary home for the endangered Asiatic …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Unmasking Human Metapneumovirus: The Emerging Threat to Vulnerable Populations
Abstract: Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a contagious respiratory virus that commonly spreads among individuals. It can cause serious infections, especially in high-risk groups like infants, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems.It is a major contributor to acute respiratory illnesses. Since its discovery in 2001, HMPV has been identified as a common cause of both upper and lower respiratory tract illnesses, with clinical presentations ranging from mild symptoms to severe …
Published in International Journal of Virus Studies · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 16–24 Read article
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AI For Climate Vulnerability Assessment
Abstract: Climate change is one of the biggest problems we face every day. The main problems are high temperatures, rising sea levels, and changes in weather, which will be worse in the upcoming years. To predict and adapt to these impacts, we need to create data-driven solutions. The main tool for predicting climate change was artificial intelligence, which can also be utilised to predict the weather and alert people of impending …
Published in International Journal of Radio Frequency Innovations · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 18–33 Read article
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An In-Depth Assessment of Flood Susceptibility using Geo-informatics – A Detailed Review
Abstract: In recent years, the world has faced many disasters, but the effects of floods have received considerable focus due to their harmful consequences. More than half of the global destruction and damage from floods takes place in Asia, leading to loss of life, infrastructure damage, and community panic. The main goal is to improve the understanding of flood hazard management by conducting flood vulnerability assessments. Vulnerability is central to analyzing …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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A multi-index remote sensing analysis for Characterizing water stress, and environmental indicators in Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India
Abstract: Water scarcity is a critical concern in arid and semi-arid regions, with implications for ecological stability, public health, and sustainable resource management. The Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, presents a case where ecological fragility intersects with cultural and religious pressures. This study employs satellite remote sensing and GIS-based approach to characterize water stress parameters within the sanctuary. Key spectral indices along with Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) were integrated through …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Web Security: Crafting Fortified Online Platforms
Abstract: With incidents of cyber-attacks on websites and breaches of sensitive data on the rise, adopting secure coding or development practices to build strong web applications is long overdue. These practices encompass a variety of strategies, including but not limited to, input validation to prevent SQL injection and XSS attacks, secure session management, encryption of sensitive data, and the implementation of robust authentication and authorization mechanisms. This approach not only fortifies …
Published in Journal of Web Engineering & Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 27–31 Read article
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Designing a Disaster Resilient Community in Flood prone zones of Srinagar, Uttarakhand.
Abstract: Uttarakhand, a state that scuffles with the dual challenges of climate change and rapid development, is particularly vulnerable to devastating floods. This research delves into the critical issue of strengthening community resilience against such disasters. By examining the interconnected factors of preparedness, mitigation, and response, the study aims to develop a robust framework for safeguarding lives and livelihoods in flood-prone regions. A cornerstone of this research is the exploration of …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Planning and Development Architecture · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 8–19 Read article
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A Review of Blocking Side-Channel Threats in Parallel Cloud Systems
Abstract: Side-channel attacks (SCAs) pose a critical security threat to parallel computing systems, particularly in shared cloud environments where multi-tenancy and resource contention create exploitable vulnerabilities. This study presents a comprehensive review of SCAs in parallel architectures, analyzing attack vectors such as cache-based exploits (e.g., Prime + Probe, Flush + Reload), timing attacks, power analysis, and network-based covert channels. We examine real-world cases including Spectre and Meltdown vulnerabilities that exposed fundamental …
Published in Recent Trends in Parallel Computing · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 15–25 Read article
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Cyber Security Evaluation for a Petroleum Refinery Using Attack Tree Methodology and Economic Indexes
Abstract: Information Technology (IT) is vital and valuable to our society. An important type of IT system is Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. The most common misconception regarding the security of SCADA was that this network was electronically isolated from other networks and hence attackers could not access them. Over the years SCADA systems have become incorporated with other IT systems, which has made them becoming increasingly vulnerable to …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering Read article