Search
14 articles for “Plant breeding”
-
Advancements and Challenges of Modern Breeding over Conventional Breeding
Abstract: Plant breeding dates back thousands of years, when people first deliberately bred plants based on visually pleasing characteristics. The domestication of wild plants aided this process, resulting in the evolution of numerous breeding strategies over time. Conventional breeding, which is distinguished by selective breeding based on superior performance, used procedures such as pure-line selections, mass selection, backcross breeding, recurrent selection, and hybridization. While effective, classical breeding procedures were time-consuming and …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Crop science and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–5 Read article
-
Horticultural Crops: Current Practices and Advances in Breeding and Cultivation
Abstract: Horticulture is a vital branch of agriculture that encompasses the cultivation of plants for food, medicinal, ornamental, and other purposes. The field includes plant breeding, cultivation of fruits, vegetables, medicinal and aromatic plants, ornamental plants, as well as the practice of garden cultivation, farmwork, and landscaping. With a global demand for healthier diets and sustainable practices, horticultural crops have emerged as key contributors to human well-being and environmental sustainability. In …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 15–19 Read article
-
Integrating Biotechnology, Physiology, and Agroecological Practices for Sustainable Crop Production and Protection
Abstract: Global agriculture is currently confronting a wide range of complex challenges, including a rapidly growing population, climate change, increasing pest and disease pressures, soil degradation, water scarcity, and the urgent need for sustainable intensification of crop production. Addressing these issues requires integrated strategies that combine crop improvement (through modern breeding and biotechnology), precision agronomic practices related to soil, irrigation, and nutrition, as well as advancements in plant physiology, molecular biology, …
Published in International Journal of Trends in Horticulture · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
-
Correlation Between Agronomic and Stem Borer (Sesamia Calamistis) Resistant Traits In Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench)
Abstract: Stem borer (Sesamia calamistis) infestation remains a significant challenge in sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivation, leading to substantial yield losses in Nigeria. This study is aimed at investigating the interrelationship between agronomic and resistant traits of stem borer (Sesamia calamistis), and its influence on selection. The study was carried out at the research field of Plant Breeding Unit, Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency. Forty …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
-
Genomic Selection for Grain Yield in Wheat Using Machine Learning on DArT Molecular Markers: A Comparative Evaluation Across Multi-Environment Trials
Abstract: Genomic selection (GS) predicts complex quantitative traits directly from genome-wide molecular markers, bypassing the need for extensive phenotypic trials and accelerating plant breeding cycles. We conducted a comparative evaluation of seven regression approaches — ridge regression (the machine-learning equivalent of RR-BLUP), Lasso, Elastic Net, Partial Least Squares, linear Support Vector Regression, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosting — for predicting grain yield from 1,279 Diversity Array Technology (DArT) molecular markers genotyped …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
The Pre-domestic Approach: Insights from Capsicum pubescens and Gallus gallus Essays
Abstract: Essays for the Pre-domestic Approach defined as organic, free-range and producer-consumer fair trade production of domesticated animals in association with plants of commercial relevance where the maximum potential of animal survival instinct thus genomic potential is favored by the producer have been carried out for Capsicum pubescens and Gallus gallus and an account of early results is presented for the reader. Although much research is required and will be carried …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology Read article
-
Plants Disease Detection Using TensorFlow and OpenCV
Abstract: Growing healthy and productive crops is crucial in the global battle for food security. To minimize crop losses and apply timely control measures, early and precise diagnosis of plant diseases is essential. Conventional illness detection techniques are subjective, labor-intensive, and complicated; they frequently rely on eye inspection. The TensorFlow and OpenCV libraries are used in this study to explore the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for plant disease discovery. …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 31–38 Read article
-
Heterosis in Plants
Abstract: It refers to hybrid vigor or heterosis; herein, the offspring expressed better traits than one or both parent lines. This most often manifests in crop breeding as increased yield in F1 hybrids compared with their parents. Developing high-yielding hybrid cultivars across a wider range of crops represents an important strategy for addressing future food security. However, conventional hybrid breeding approaches are fraught with significant challenges in many self-pollinating crops, such …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 21–31 Read article
-
Silkworm Growth and Silk Yield under Changing Climatic Conditions: Challenges and Adaptations
Abstract: Climate change is emerging as a critical factor affecting agriculture and sericulture industries worldwide. Rising global temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, and the growing frequency of extreme weather events present ever challenges to the growth and productivity of silkworms (Bombyx mori L.). Silkworms are extremely sensitive to environmental conditions like temperature, humidity, and photoperiod, all altered by climate change. Higher temperatures can accelerate silkworm metabolism, reduce silk yield, and increase susceptibility …
Published in International Journal of Insects · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–5 Read article
-
A Review of Biotechnology Advancements as Key Drivers of Scientific Innovations
Abstract: The rising human challenges have necessitated the quest to find lasting solutions to improve living standards. Challenges in food security in terms of quality and quantity, medical and health issues, energy deficiency and limitations in areas of transportation, domestic and industrial needs, as well as environmental issues are some major areas of application of biotechnology to sustain human existence. This review examines major scientific innovations driven by biotechnology. Biotechnology applied …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 22–33 Read article
-
Biochemical Changes in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Plants Induced by Flooding
Abstract: Flooding is a significant environmental stressor that affects the growth, development, and productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), a crucial pulse crop grown worldwide, especially in India. This study investigates the biochemical changes in chickpea plants subjected to prolonged and sudden flooding. Key parameters analyzed include carbohydrate metabolism, protein content, chlorophyll levels, amylase activity, and proline accumulation. Results show that flooding significantly reduces total sugar content in leaves, stems, and …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 1–9 Read article
-
Common Diseases of Silkworm and Their Management – A Comprehensive Overview
Abstract: Silkworms (Bombyxmori L.), pivotal to the sericulture industry, are susceptible to various diseases that significantly impact cocoon production and quality. Common silkworm diseases include viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoan infections. Prominent viral diseases, such as nuclear polyhedrosis (NPV) and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis (CPV) often cause mass mortality in larvae. Bacterial diseases, like flacherie, are typically induced by poor hygiene and environmental stress. Fungal infections, including muscardine caused by Beauveria bassiana, proliferate …
Published in International Journal of Insects · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 22–28 Read article
-
Screening Some Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench) Genotypes for Yield and Resistance Against Stem Borer (Sesamia Calamistis) in Nigeria
Abstract: Sorghum is a staple crop with global significance, scientifically it’s known as Sorghum Bicolor, stands as one of the most important cereal crops globally, particularly in regions with arid and semi-arid climates. Sorghum remains a cornerstone of agricultural economies worldwide with its widespread cultivation and diverse applications; however, its production is often hindered by various biotic stresses, with stem borer (Sesamia calamistis) infestation being a significant concern. The stem borer …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 50–55 Read article
-
The drying characteristics of bitter and sour sop leaves are affected by temperature
Abstract: One of the earliest techniques for food preservation is the drying method. Drying is important because it reduce the moisture content of the food hence reducing the breeding ground for microorganism that causes food spoilage. Due to this marked effect, the study was aimed at investigating the effect of temperature on the drying characteristic of bitter leave (Vernonia Amygdalina) and Soursop (Annona Muricata). The methodologies employed in this researches are …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 01–014 Read article