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25 articles for “Natural refrigerants”
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Study of Performance Characteristics of a Natural Refrigeration System [MD242]
Abstract: Natural refrigeration system utilizes solar energy and wind energy to develop the refrigeration effect in the required storage space. The system is constructed with completely natural materials leading to bio degradability, recyclability and eco friendliness. In this work, the performance characteristics of a natural refrigeration system are studied. It was observed that the system maintained the storage area at considerably lower temperature than that of the surroundings and it could …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 1–3 Read article
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CO2 SAFETY ISSUES AND ITS USE AS A NATURAL REFRIGERANT IN REFRIGERATION
Abstract: The atmosphere contains about 0.04% carbon dioxide, which is a naturally occurring chemical (400 ppm). The majority of living things make it while breathing, and plants absorb it. It is also created through a variety of industrial operations, most notably the burning of fossil fuels like coal, gas, or oil to produce electricity or power vehicles. In the modern era, CO2 refrigeration and heat pumping technologies are acknowledged as practical …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Cascade Refrigeration System with Internal Heat Exchanger: Suitable Natural Refrigerant Pair Selection
Abstract: In this study, thermodynamic analyses and optimization of various natural fluids as refrigerants in cascade system with internal heat exchanger have been done to get the suitable pair in a wide range of temperatures based on best system performance (maximum COP) as well as on operating characteristics. Out of the 56 possible combinations of high and low temperature fluids with 8 natural refrigerants (ammonia, carbon dioxide, propane, propylene, n-butane, isobutane, …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Refrigerant for the Future Carbon Dioxide: A Study
Abstract: Abstract Tough environmental laws and strict government policies has brought radical changein the refrigeration sector, particularly relating to the liquid/or gas known as the refrigerant. It has been observed that only natural refrigerants are environmentally quiet.When other refrigerant qualities are measured, especially those relating to toxicity and flammability, looking to the properties of other refrigerants, carbon dioxide comes out as the best among the natural refrigerants. In the background of …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 18–29 Read article
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Refrigerant and the Environment- issues and planning for the future-A study
Abstract: Abstract However, the halogenated refrigerants have undesirable environmental impacts such as ozone layer depletion potential and global warming. Hence, it is necessary to go for alternative refrigerants to satisfy the objectives of the international protocols. Future international commitments on the protection of the environment, particularly for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and better protection of the ozone layer by use of other suitably refrigerants. In this context, the use of "natural" …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 36–42 Read article
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Development of Low-GWP Refrigerants for Future Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Applications
Abstract: The growing concern over global warming and the need to mitigate climate change has propelled significant research into the development of low-GWP (Global Warming Potential) refrigerants for air conditioning and refrigeration systems. Traditional refrigerants, such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), have been widely used in the HVAC&R (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration) industry but contribute significantly to global warming due to their high GWP values. As a result, global regulations, including …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 35–39 Read article
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Sustainable Air Conditioning Technologies: Innovations and Future Prospects
Abstract: The increasing demand for air conditioning across the globe, especially in emerging economies, has placed a significant strain on energy resources and contributed to rising greenhouse gas emissions. Conventional air conditioning systems, which largely rely on vapor compression cycles and high-GWP (global warming potential) refrigerants, are energy-intensive and environmentally unsustainable. In response to these challenges, there has been a growing focus on developing sustainable air conditioning technologies that are energy-efficient, …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 26–31 Read article
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Performance Analysis of Heat Pump and Air Conditioning System Using R-32 Refrigerant & Theoretical Comparison With R-290 Refrigerant
Abstract: An extensive performance analysis of a heat pump air conditioning system for both cooling and heating applications is included in this research. The purpose of the research is to assess the system's overall performance, energy consumption, and efficiency under various operating scenarios. The research incorporates a range of experimental techniques. An overview of the heat pump air conditioning system's parts and operation is given at the outset of the examination. …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 14–21 Read article
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Automation of Heat Exchanger System using DCS
Abstract: Heat exchangers are built for efficient transferring heat from one fluid to another. They have an extensive demand in areas such as petroleum, refineries, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, natural gas processing, refrigeration, power plants, air conditioning, space heating and process industry. Automation of Heat exchange can be done optimally using PID Block. Using PID function block the outlet fluid temperature can be maintained as desired. The automation of Shell and …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 22–28 Read article
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Vapor Compression Refrigeration System
Abstract: Refrigeration has been achieved in a variety of methods throughout history, but due to their efficiency anddurability, vapor-compression refrigeration systems (VCRS) have become the favored option. A vapor-compression refrigeration system, in essence, is a system that uses liquid refrigerant in a closed systemthat circulates it through four stages of compression and expansion, transforming it from liquid to vapor.As a result of this change, heat is either absorbed or ejected by …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 30–33 Read article
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IoT Network Security Employing KVS Approach: Novel Approach to IoT Security with B-Cell Inspired Models Implemented using Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT), which links billions of devices that gather, analyse, and send data, is growing quickly. Although there are many benefits to this interconnection, there are also serious security risks. Conventional security measures frequently struggle to keep up with the dynamic and diverse nature of IoT environments. Innovative security ideas are being investigated in response, and the B-Cell concept, also known as the Kutubuddin Vahida Sultana (KVS) …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 36–46 Read article
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Development of an Energy Free Refrigerator Using LPG as Refrigerant
Abstract: Supply of constant power is as yet not accessible in a few zones of the nation and the residential refrigerator devouring greater power. In this paper, a minimal effort cooler is created utilizing LPG as refrigerant. LPG is put away in barrel at high weight. As this pressurized LPG is gone through the slim container of little inner distance across, the weight of LPG is diminished because of development and …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 22–26 Read article
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Thermodynamic Analysis of an Adsorption Refrigeration System
Abstract: In this paper, thermodynamics analysis of an adsorption refrigeration pair (activated carbon and methanol) at adsorption equilibrium conditions has been proposed. Similar analyses have been done by different scientists for different combinations of adsorbent-adsorbate pairs. Adsorption refrigeration processes normally occurs in physical adsorption condition and activated carbon molecules being non-polar in nature, micropores approach of adsorption (Polanyi’s micropores theory and D-A equation) has been followed here. Analysis of the adsorption …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 30–37 Read article
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Development and Evaluation of a Coconut-Based Jam
Abstract: Background: Conventional coconut jam formulations rely heavily on refined sucrose to achieve sweetness, texture, and preservation, limiting their suitability for individuals seeking reduced-sugar dietary options. The growing demand for nutritionally improved food products has encouraged the development of alternative formulations using natural sweet ingredients and polyol-based humectants. Objective: The present study aimed to develop and standardize a coconut-based reduced-sugar jam using coconut milk, dates, raisins, sorbitol, glycerine, citric acid, sodium …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Phase Change Material in the Heat Exchanger for Improved Performance of Latent Refrigeration Storage Systems
Abstract: Using phase change materials (PCMs) in conjunction with a latent cool storage system is an efficient method of storing cool energy. It has the advantage of storage process with isothermal nature and storage of high energy density. Within last few years it has been inspected that in cool storage applications, PCM’s have been widely used. PCM’s are melted and solidified at wide ranges and temperatures and hence are attractive in …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 19–29 Read article
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Study of Alternative Refrigerants and Refrigeration as Air Conditioning Sector in Mauritius: A Review
Abstract: Theoretical in this paper study on refrigeration framework intended for low temperature which has zero-ozone exhausting point better heat move trademark gives more prominent refrigerant impact. In this paper we concentrate on the primary capacity part like blower, evaporator, refrigerant, fan and engine, technical details of the parts. Energy is the essential and most all-inclusive method of all sorts of work by person and nature. Everything what occur on the …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 33–36 Read article
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VRGE Process an Alternative for Conventional Hydraulic Fracturing
Abstract: Abstract Hydraulic Fracture is the name frequently heard now a day in oil and gas Industry especially in exploiting shale gas Reserves. Hydraulic fracturing fluid is made up of water, sand, and chemicals. In this process a high-pressure fluid (usually chemicals and sand suspended in water) will be pumped with high pressure into the oil and gas bearing zone where it create fractures and increase the permeability of the formation. …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 20–24 Read article
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Understanding Food Spoilage: Mechanisms, Shelf-Life Determination, and Safety Standards
Abstract: Food spoilage poses significant challenges to the global food industry, impacting both food safety and economic sustainability. The main causes of food quality deterioration are microbial and non-microbial spoiling. Microbial spoilage primarily results from the activity of bacteria, yeasts, and molds, which thrive under favorable environmental conditions. These microorganisms can lead to food poisoning and spoilage through the production of off-flavors, discoloration, slime formation, and the accumulation of harmful toxins. …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 6–9 Read article
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KVS Approach for IoT Network Security: A Novel Approach to IoT Network Security With B-Cell Inspired Models
Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly expanding, connecting billions of devices that collect, process, and transmit data. This interconnectedness, while offering immense opportunities, also presents significant security challenges. Customary security mechanisms often scuffle to retain stride with the vibrant and assorted form of IoT environments. In response, innovative security concepts are being explored, and one promising approach is the B-Cell concept called as KVS approach for IoT security. In immunology, …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 16–25 Read article
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Investigation of free convection heat transfers in an attic shaped eclosure
Abstract: Absrtact Numerical investigation of free convection heat transfers in an attic shaped enclosure with differentially heated two inclined walls and filled with air is performed in this study. The left inclined surface is uniformly heated whereas the right inclined surface is uniformly cooled. There is a heat source placed on the right side of the bottom surface. Rest of the bottom surface is kept as adiabatic. Finite volume based commercial …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 13–26 Read article