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24 articles for “Microbial load”
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Studies on the Chemical and Microbiological Safety of Raw Materials Used in Selected Baking Industries in Bangladesh
Abstract: The study was designed to determine the quality of raw materials of baking products in a surveillance system. The monitoring system of different raw materials used in selected biscuit factories was investigated periodically. The average value of wheat flour moisture, gluten and acidity was 11.36, 11.21, and 0.10% respectively during their surveillance period. In case of soya-flour, the moisture, fat and protein it was 3.30, 18.30 and 37.85% respectively. Again …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 20–25 Read article
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Microbiological Characteristics of Water and Seafood (Oyster Tissue) from Trans-Amadiwoji Creek, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Abstract: AbstractTrans-Amadi/Woji creek receives heavy influx of organic and inorganic matter from the surroundings which are all products of anthropogenic activities going on in the area. Assessment of microbes in water and oyster (crassotrea gasar) tissue from Trans-Amadi/Woji creek, Niger Delta were carried out for 6 months between January and June 2017. The microbial samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory following the standard method of APHA. The total heterotrophic …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Ecology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 22–31 Read article
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Study on Contamination, Source and Microbial Quality of Selected Street Fruit Juices and Sherbet in Tangail City
Abstract: Fruit juice and sherbet are popular refreshing drinks with great taste and health benefits. These are available in most of the public places at reasonable prices which are consumed by road side customers of all ages. Lack of good manufacturing practices, nutritionally rich component of juices makes the product good medium for microbial growth. Water used for juice preparation can be a major source of microbial contamination. Argued this point, …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Comparative Analysis of Fermented Milk Prepared Using Natural Fermentation Starters
Abstract: Background: Fermented milk products are a staple of traditional diets and offer considerable nutritional and health benefits due to their probiotic and bioactive compounds. While conventional starters, like old buttermilk are widely used, alternative plant-based starters, like clove and green chili stalk, have potential advantages, including enhanced antioxidant properties and cultural relevance. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the fermentation dynamics of milk inoculated with clove, green chili stalk, and …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 11–28 Read article
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Integration of Green-Synthesized Calcium Nanoparticles in Natural Polymer Matrices by Bio-Nanocomposite Approach to Calcium Fortification
Abstract: Calcium deficiency continues to pose a widespread nutritional challenge, particularly in vulnerable populations. In this study, a bio-nanocomposite-based fortification strategy was developed using calcium nanoparticles (CaNPs) synthesized via green chemistry from Sesbania grandiflora (Agathi keerai) leaf extract. The nanoparticles, ranging between 50–150 nm in size, were characterized by SEM and embedded into buckwheat flour a naturally polymer-rich food matrix containing proteins, starch, and dietary fibers. The resulting system mimicked polymer …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Experimental Study to Improve the Quality of Dehydrated Button Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)
Abstract: Mushrooms are popular for their delicacy and flavour rather than food value. However, it is well established fact that they are excellent sources of minerals and vitamins such as B-complex and vitamin C. In addition, mushrooms contain 1.1–8.2% lipids, 4.0–8.1% carbohydrates and 3–32% fibers on dry weight basis. It contains about 90% moisture. The present investigation was undertaken to study the effect of 10 min dipping or vacuum infusion pretreatments …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 11–19 Read article
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Evaluation of Pharmacopoeial and Quality Control Standards of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Seeds
Abstract: ABSTRACTThe seeds of the plant Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (Fam: Nymphaeceae) are used against the ailments of poor digestion, enteritis, chronic diarrhea, insomnia and palpitation. In view of its medicinal importance, the present study was conducted to standardize the drug using pharmacognostical, physico-chemical and WHO methods. Microscopical studies show the presence of cotyledonary parenchyma cells filled with starch grains, palisade-like cells and non-lignified thick-walled sclerenchyma cells. TLC of chloroform and alcohol …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2012 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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A Comparative Accelerated Stability Study of Jivantyadi Yamaka and Jivantyadi Malahara
Abstract: Background: Saviryata Avadhi of different Ayurvedic dosage forms is described in various Ayurvedic treatises after 12th century. Though the concepts have strong background, it is needed to re-validate the age old concepts by following contemporary standards. Jivantyadi Yamaka is a polyherbal medicated Sneha (Ghrita and Taila) used externally for curing Vipadika and other skin disorders. However, till date stability study of Jivantyadi Yamaka and its developed dosage form Jivantyadi Malahara …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 18–24 Read article
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Nutrition Induced Gut Microbiota Modulation in Food Animals: Implications for Viral Susceptibility, Shedding and Transmission Dynamics for Sustainable Development
Abstract: The gut microbiota has emerged as a central mediator linking host nutrition, immune competence, and vulnerability to viral pathogens in food animals. Diet is a primary driver of microbial community structure and function, influencing metabolite production, intestinal barrier integrity, and systemic antiviral immunity. Accumulating evidence indicates that nutrition induced modulation of the gut microbiota can substantially alter viral susceptibility, replication, and shedding patterns, with downstream effects on transmission dynamics within …
Published in International Journal of Virus Studies · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 46–56 Read article
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Assessment of Microbial Quality of Irrigated Cabbage with Wastewater in Laelay Maychew and Tahtay Maychew Woreda’s of Aksum, Tigrai, North Ethiopia
Abstract: Wastewater can be defined as water that has been badly affected in quality by anthropogenic effect and the possible origin can be from domestic, industrial, commercial or agricultural activities, surface run off or storm water and from drain inflow or infiltration. Quality of water and other food can be checked by the presence of Coliform bacteria because these bacteria are the predominant indicators. The purpose of this study was to …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 42–48 Read article
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Effect of Cell Carrier Loading on Phenol Degradation in Association with Production of Exopolymeric Substances and Biofilm Characteristics during Start up and Steady State in a Pulsed Plate Bioreactor
Abstract: Biodegradation of phenol in a continuous pulsed plate bioreactor (PPBR) using immobilized bacterial cells has been shown to be a highly efficient process. The present paper reports the studies on the effect physical characteristics of biofilm (biofilm thickness, attached dry biomass and biofilm dry density) and chemical characteristics in terms of exopolymers viz. protein, carbohydrate and humic substance produced by Pseudomonas desmolyticum (NCIM 2112) bacterial cells immobilized on granular activated …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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Effect of Scent Leaf (Ocimum Gratissimum) Supplemented Diets on Growth Performance, Carcass and Gut Microbial Integrity of Broiler Chickens
Abstract: The growth performance, carcass composition, and gut E. coli and Lactobacillus loads of broiler chickens fed supplemented scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) diets were evaluated over five weeks. Fresh leaves of scent leaf were harvested, thoroughly washed, and shade-dried to a moisture content of about 12% and further ground into powder form for use as feed supplement. Ninety 21-day-old chicks were randomly selected and assigned five dietary treatments in triplicate lots. …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 21–29 Read article
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Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch to Enhance Treatment of Alopecia
Abstract: The improvement of novel topical sedate conveyance frameworks has picked up noteworthy consideration due to their potential in upgrading the helpful viability and persistent compliance whereas minimizing systemic side impacts. This thinks about centers on the definition and assessment of transdermal patches planned to discharge allicin, the essential naturally dynamic compound determined from garlic (Allium sativum) extricate. Allicin is eminent for its wide range of pharmacological properties, counting antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 20–33 Read article
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Polymer Composite-Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion of Kitchen Waste for Optimised Biogas Production: Process Design, Parametric Study, and Simulation Analysis
Abstract: There is an urgent need for decentralised sustainable biogas production from organic waste due to the rising amount of food waste in cities. The application of polymer composite material including HDPE tanks, PVC pipes, and FRP secondary containment systems presents a promising option compared to conventional MS digester fabrication in terms of durability, excellent thermal insulation capability, light weight, and easier installation. This study explores the possibility of adopting a …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 803–818 Read article
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Atmospheric Determinants of Feed, Fodder, and Forage Contamination in a Changing Climate: Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Livestock Production
Abstract: Feed, fodder, and forage contamination represents a growing constraint to sustainable livestock production under a changing climate. Atmospheric determinants such as rising temperature, altered precipitation patterns, increased humidity, elevated carbon dioxide concentration, and enhanced aerosol and pollutant loads are increasingly recognized as critical drivers of contamination risks across feed supply chains. These atmospheric factors directly and indirectly influence crop growth, fungal proliferation, mycotoxin biosynthesis, microbial survival, and the deposition of …
Published in International Journal of Atmosphere · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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A Review on Loading Methodologies of Active Aromatic Substance into Biopolymers
Abstract: Biopolymer-based films are increasingly being studied as sustainable alternatives to conventional packaging materials due to their biodegradability, renewability, and potential for functionalization. There are several natural polymers in the category of biopolymers such as soy protein, zein, cellulose, chitosan, and several other biodegradable synthetic polymers such as polylactic acid and polycaprolactone. However, these often show limitations in barrier properties, mechanical strength, and resistance to microbial contamination. To overcome these drawbacks, …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 9–13 Read article
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Use of Additives in Soil Stabilization
Abstract: Soil stabilization is a ground improvement technique through which soil is made strong enough to bear the structures load. The swell-shrink properties of expansive soils can be reduced and made useful for construction purposes using various stabilizing materials like cement, lime, fly ash, chemicals, etc. Cement stabilization causes environmental pollution. Microbial-induced carbonate precipitation and enzymatic-induced carbonate precipitation methods can be considered as innovative methods in place of cement soil stabilization. …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 33–40 Read article
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Chitosan-Based Polymer Coatings for Antimicrobial Catheter Surfaces
Abstract: Catheter-associated infections (CAIs) remain a major clinical challenge. Microbial adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation on catheter surfaces significantly reduce the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy, resulting in prolonged hospitalization, increased healthcare costs, and higher patient morbidity. Consequently, the development of antimicrobial polymer coatings has emerged as an effective strategy for minimizing catheter-associated infections while improving device performance. Among the various biomaterials investigated, chitosan has attracted considerable attention owing to its intrinsic …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Marine Algal Microfiber and Agro-Waste Reinforced Crosslinked Polymer Composites for Sustainable Coastal Materials
Abstract: Crosslinked bio-polymer composites reinforced with marine algal microfibers and agro-waste fillers were fabricated and systematically characterized for sustainable coastal applications. Mechanical testing revealed that tensile strength increased from 18.5 MPa for neat polymer to 25.1 MPa at 20 wt.% reinforcement (~35% improvement), while the flexural modulus improved from 0.72 GPa to 1.02 GPa (~42% increase). Impact strength, however, decreased from 3.8 kJ/m² for neat polymer to 2.9 kJ/m² at 30 …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 210–223 Read article
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Nanotechnology in Surgical Drains: Reducing Infections and Promoting Healing Post-Surgery
Abstract: Surgical drains are widely used in postoperative care to evacuate accumulated fluids, minimize dead space, and reduce complications such as hematoma and seroma formation. Despite their clinical importance, conventional drains are frequently associated with retrograde bacterial migration, biofilm formation, and increased risk of surgical site infections (SSIs), which contribute significantly to postoperative morbidity and prolonged hospital stay. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the development of nano-functionalized surgical drains with …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 54–67 Read article