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192 articles for “Co-catalyst”
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Aspen HYSYS Simulation of Suspension (Slurry) Process for the Production of Polyethylene
Abstract: AbstractThis study deals with the steady state simulation of polyethylene plant using Aspen HYSYS V10 simulation model. Looped reactor model is used to mimic the behaviour of the suspension (slurry) polymerization process. Effect of various operating conditions like the inflow rate of the monomer ethylene on solvent, catalyst, co-monomer and hydrogen flow rate are studied. Model predicted that the change in monomer flow rate linearly affected the process variables. Keywords: …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 31–34 Read article
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Investigation and Comparison of Different Action of Catalyst and Process Conditions in the Production of Chlorobenzene
Abstract: Overview on the investigation and comparison of different action of catalyst and process conditions reveals that the productions of chlorobenzenedoesnot occur naturally, Chlorobenzene is an aromatic compound with chemical formula C6H5Cl. This colorless, volatile, water-insoluble, flammable liquid with a penetrating smell of almonds is a common solvent which is gotten mostly from the chlorination of benzene and widely used intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals. Production of chlorobenzene is …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Bio-Inspired Nanostructured Catalysts for CO2 Valorization: Green Chemistry Approaches in Polymer Nanocomposites for Sustainable Energy Solutions
Abstract: Artificial photosynthesis is a pioneering technology inspired by natural photosynthetic processes, offering a sustainable solution to address global energy crises and mitigate environmental impact. By harnessing solar energy, artificial photosynthesis aims to convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water into high-energy chemicals, such as methanol and hydrogen, while concurrently reducing harmful greenhouse gas emissions. This innovative process represents a transformative shift toward carbon-neutral or even carbon-negative energy production, helping reduce dependency …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 · pp. 38–46 Read article
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Influence of Catalyst Type and Reaction Conditions on Biodiesel Conversion of Pine and Soapnut Oils
Abstract: Biodiesel produced from non-edible oils is becoming an important replacement for petroleum diesel because it is renewable, environmentally friendly, and suitable for use in existing diesel engines. It helps reduce air pollution, lowers dependence on fossil fuels, and supports sustainable energy development. Pine oil and soapnut oil are two promising non-edible feedstocks because they are easy to obtain, inexpensive, and contain chemical compounds that can be effectively converted into biodiesel. …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 39–48 Read article
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Vapour Phase Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid Over Carbon Coated HZSM-5 Supported Ni Catalysts
Abstract: Carbon coated HZSM-5 supported Ni catalyst shown to be a promising catalyst in the hydrogenation of levulinic acid to yield γ- valerolactone. Physicochemical characterizations were undertaken using N2 physisorption, H2-chemisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), CHNS and temperature programmed reduction (TPR) techniques. The CHNS studies reveal about 3 wt% carbon was coated by the passage of cyclohexene at 600 °C for 3 h. The carbon coated HZSM-5 supported Ni catalyst shown lower …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 33–38 Read article
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Nanostructured Catalysts for Sustainable CO2 Reduction: Advancing Green Chemistry and Polymer Composites
Abstract: Artificial photosynthesis is the advancement of a process that utilizes sunlight to convert CO₂ and H₂O into high-energy fuels (methanol, hydrogen) analogous to photosynthetic pathways. Carbon-neutral energy is critical to tackling climate change, and this method provides a solution by offering an alternative to fossil fuels while also minimizing greenhouse gas emissions. Nanostructured catalysts such as plasmonic metals and hybrid nanocomposites greatly improve efficiency and scaling. Recent developments in the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 Read article
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Zeolite-Y Encapsulated Copper (II) and Cobalt (II) Species as Hybrid Nano-catalysts: Structural and Catalytic Aspects
Abstract: Special properties inherent to zeolites in facilitating the construction of novel upramolecular assemblies by encapsulation of guest molecules (metal complexes) into their large cages can be utilized to use these assembled materials as novel catalysts. These modified solids have the advantages of both behaving as the homogeneous and the heterogeneous catalytic system. In the present work, copper (II) and cobalt (II) complexes of 2-amino ethanoic acid (2-AEA) encapsulated in the …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis Read article
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Zeolite-Y Encapsulated Copper (II) and Cobalt (II) Species as Hybrid Nano-catalysts: Structural and Catalytic Aspects
Abstract: Special properties inherent to zeolites in facilitating the construction of novel supramolecular assemblies by encapsulation of guest molecules (metal complexes) into their large cages can be utilized to use these assembled materials as novel catalysts. These modified solids have the advantages of both behaving as the homogeneous and the heterogeneous catalytic system. In the present work, copper (II) and cobalt (II) complexes of 2-amino ethanoic acid (2-AEA) encapsulated in the …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 19–32 Read article
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Nanostructured Catalysts for Sustainable CO2 Reduction: Advancing Green Chemistry and Polymer Composites
Abstract: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of advanced nanostructured catalysts designed to enhance the efficiency of artificial photosynthesis for sustainable fuel production. We systematically evaluated a range of nanomaterials—including metal oxides, plasmonic nanoparticles, and carbon-based composites—to determine their effectiveness in converting solar energy into storable chemical fuels. The catalysts were synthesized via sol-gel, hydrothermal, and green methods, and their properties were thoroughly characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 175–181 Read article
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A non-hydrotreated feedstock’s polyaromatic cracking under FCC industrial operating conditions using an equilibrium catalyst
Abstract: Catalytic cracking of non-hydrotreated atmospheric residue’s main polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) in the presence of an equilibrium catalyst was investigated under industrial operating conditions. During the fluid catalytic cracking process, the catalyst that presented the key factor in hydrocarbon cracking (aromatic by hydrogen transfer reaction) quickly deactivated and compromised the process’s performance due to its acid surfaces and pores covered by the polyaromatic species. A deep study of the catalyst behavior …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 10–26 Read article
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Solid Acid Catalysts for the Selective Conversion of Biomass to Levulinic Acid
Abstract: Levulinic acid (LA) has emerged as a versatile platform chemical with significant potential for producing renewable fuels like gamma-valerolactone (GVL), biodegradable polymers, and fine chemicals from biomass (both terrestrial and marine which ae rich in carbohydrate). The selective conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates to LA requires efficient catalytic systems that can overcome the recalcitrance of the biomass, namely the stiff-necked structural integrity of cellulose and the kind of strong interactions between …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 23–35 Read article
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Generating Fuel Energy by Catalytic Pyrolyzing of Microalgae
Abstract: In biomass pyrolysis process, a catalyst is used to modify the pyrolysis gases' chemical composition and increase the bio-oil fraction. This process uses the byproducts of thermal conversion processes. It is anticipated that the introduction of pyrolysis catalysts in the case of microalgae will lower the bio-oxygen oil's content and increase the number of added-value compounds in this liquid fraction. Catalysts can also help decrease the nitrogen in bio-oil. As …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 31–35 Read article
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Direct and rapid synthesis of amides from carboxylic acids under solvent free condition using Clay based Heterogeneous recyclable catalyst
Abstract: Direct condensation of Carboxylic Acids and Amines has resulted in a highly simple and practical technique for the synthesis of amides. Fe-Al clay catalyst was used in the solvent-free, microwave-irradiated amide synthesis. Only a small amount of the catalyst was needed to produce products in very short of time with a good yield. The catalyst was easy to separate and could be recycled several times with negligible loss of catalytic …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Diaminoglyoxime Palladium (II) Chloride As An Efficient Catalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction under Aerobic Conditions in H2O/EtOH Solution
Abstract: The preparation of diaminoglyoxime palladium (II) chloride (PdCl2/DAG complex) and the use of this catalytic system in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions under aerobic and phosphine-free conditions in aqueous solutions is studied. Aryl halides, coupled with phenylboronic acids smoothly afford the corresponding cross-coupling products with excellent yields (80–98%). The catalytic system showed excellent performance for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of less reactive aryl chlorides with aryl boronic acids. The reaction conditions have …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 35–43 Read article
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Production of Jatropha curcas L. Seed Oil DMC-Js-BioDs by Optimized Dimethyl Carbonate Using Potassium Hydroxide as Catalyst
Abstract: AbstractThe use of Jatropha curcus L. seed oil as the feedstock for biodiesel (DMC-Js-BioDs) production has observed growing interest because it is a non-edible oil. In this study, the production of DMC-Js-BioDs from J. curcas seed oil with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as the solvent was performed. The reaction was conducted in the presence of KOH as a catalyst to investigate the optimum conditions and study the effects of the variables …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 56–63 Read article
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Synthesis, Characterization of Mesoporous Zeolite BEA and Its Application in Multicomponent Reactions
Abstract: Strongly acidic mesoporous zeolite beta (MZB or Beta/MCM-41composite) with bimodal pore structure and stepwise distributed acidity has been synthesized by novel route using zeolite BEA as silica-alumina source. The material was characterized by various techniques. Powder XRD showed the existence of well-structured microphase zeolite Beta and mesophase MCM-41 in the composite materials. The performance of the composite material as a catalyst was investigated for the synthesis of various biologically active …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 25–45 Read article
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Compatative Catalytic Study of Oxidation of Thiourea by Chromium (VI) in Presence of Different Catalysts and Micelles
Abstract: The series of catalysts like acetate, oxalate, EDTA, the varies micelles viz, CTAB, SDS, TRITON X-100 was carried out in the kinetic study of oxidation of Thiourea by Cr(VI) as an oxidant in water medium. The effect of catalytic efficiency has been study for varies catalyst and micelles by volumetric method and UV spectroscopic methods. The product was confirmed by IR studies. UV study reveals shows that higher catalytic efficiency …
Published in International Journal of Advance in Molecular Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 9–21 Read article
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Predicting Rate Equation for the Synthesis of Octadec-9-Enoic Acid Methyl Esters by the Methanolysis of Pongamia Pinnata Triglycerides Using Sono Reactor
Abstract: In the present work, octadec-9-enoic acid methyl esters are synthesized from pongamia pinnata oil using methanolysis in sono reactor. The rate equation is predicted for the methanolysis reaction. The produced methyl esters from pongamia pinnata oil confirmed to ASTM D6751 standards. Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry were used to characterise the methyl esters. The rate is dependent greatly on methanol concentration, and then on catalyst concentration …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 45–55 Read article
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Utilization of Bentonite Clay Coupled with Potash for the Synthesis of Octadec-9-Enoic Acid Methyl Esters of Pongamia Pinnatatriglycerides
Abstract: Due to the ever increasing human population worldwide, especially in the developing countries across the world; renewable energy sources are in the primary focus of the scientists and researchers. In addition, the depletion of the reserves of the fossil fuels along with the increased consumption of the available reserves has led to wide spread global unrest. Complementing the above, there are significant environmental problems namely global warming due to increased …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 72–78 Read article
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Synthesis, Structural Studies and Catalytic activity of Copper(II) Complex Supported by N, N′-bis (2-Hydroxy-3-Methoxybenzaldehyde) 4-Methylbenzene-1, 2-Diamine
Abstract: A novel robust method for synthesis of 3-MOBdMBn-Cu complex, supported by -ONNO-tetradentate Schiff-base ligand is presented. This copper complex is prepared by the reactions of metal solution with one molar equivalent of 3-MOBdMBn (N, N’-bis (2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) 4-Methylbenzene-1, 2-diamine) Schiff-base ligand in methanol under nitrogen atmosphere. In contrast to other catalysts, the main advantage of this catalyst system was that the cost of the catalyst was remarkably low and it can …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 53–60 Read article