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Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis Original Research

A non-hydrotreated feedstock’s polyaromatic cracking under FCC industrial operating conditions using an equilibrium catalyst

  1. Seybou Yacouba Zakariyaou Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University
  2. Hua Ye Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University
  3. Chongwen Jiang Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University,
  4. Alberto Afonso Fernandes Tomás Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University,
  5. Kianre -Djo -Tana Rissimbaye Frederic Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University

Abstract

Catalytic cracking of non-hydrotreated atmospheric residue’s main polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) in the presence of an equilibrium catalyst was investigated under industrial operating conditions. During the fluid catalytic cracking process, the catalyst that presented the key factor in hydrocarbon cracking (aromatic by hydrogen transfer reaction) quickly deactivated and compromised the process’s performance due to its acid surfaces and pores covered by the polyaromatic species. A deep study of the catalyst behavior was carried out at different steps of the process (fresh, regenerated, and spent states) using powerful spectroscopy methods including. Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR13C). The gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique was employed to study the effect of the catalyst (hydrogen donor) on the polyaromatic hydrocarbon conversions in the feedstocks and naphtha as the reaction main product. BJH, Pyridine-FTIR, and NMR13C results indicated that the deposition of carbon species (aromatic) on the catalyst’s active surfaces and pores was the main cause of its deactivation. The GC-MS technique revealed twelve PAHs in the studied samples, but only Fluorene, Phenanthrene, Benzo(k) fluoranthene, and Xylene were affected or converted over catalyst due to the catalyst selectivity aspect. In addition, the cracking mechanism of Fluorene(four-rings) and Phenanthrene(three-rings) was also detailed as the main PAHs in the feedstock.

Keywords

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