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63 articles for “Acute toxicity”
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Acute Toxicity and Behavioural Responses of Oligochaete Worm Tubifex tubifex Exposed to Pesticide Cartap Hydrochloride
Abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity in terms of 96h LC50 and behavioural responses of oligochaete worm Tubifex tubifex upon exposure to a thiocarbamate insecticide cartap hydrochloride. All experiments were conducted in a static bioassay system using increasing concentrations of insecticide for different exposure periods. The 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LC50 values of cartap hydrochloride to Tubifex tubifex were 0.045, 0.039, 0.023 and 0.0178 …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Evaluation of Acute Toxicity Study of Some Indian Medicinal Plants against Anti-ulcer
Abstract: The acute toxicity study was carried out as per organization for economic co-operation and development guidelines 420. In acute toxicity study, the oral dose 150 mg/kg of body weight of animal of tested plant extract was administered to three groups in single dose groups in single dose and general behaviour, adverse effects were determined, the tested plant extract was administered orally for 14 days to three groups contained three animals …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 22–29 Read article
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Safety of Ayurvedic Metal Origin Bhasma (Dhatu varga) through Acute Toxicity Studies: A Review
Abstract: Bhasma possess broad-spectrum therapeutic utility but are blamed due to frequently raising toxicity concerns. Although their safety has been evident with practice since ancient times, scientifically proven through toxicity studies, clinical safety, still comprehensive conclusive documentation is needed. Online published research articles on in vivo, oral single dose, acute toxicity studies on Bhasma of Dhatu Varga were searched through search engines and observations on behavioural, ponderal, autopsy, maximum tolerated dose …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 43–50 Read article
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Preliminary Phytochemical and Acute Toxicity Studies of Different Extracts of Guiera Senegalensis
Abstract: The leaf of Guiera senegalensis is used in the management of many diseases in Nigeria and many African countries, but the medial lethal doses (LD50) of its different extracts are not widely investigated. To evaluate the phytochemical constituents and acute toxicity indexes of aqueous, hexane, dichloromethane and methanol leaf extracts of G. senegalensis, basic phytochemical screening methods were applied. While up and down procedure and Lorke’s method was used for …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 11–16 Read article
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Acute Toxicity and Behavioral Alterations of Oligochaete Worm, Branchiura sowerbyi Exposed to Diazinon
Abstract: In the present study, acute toxicity of the organophosphate pesticide, diazinon, was evaluated under experimental condition to Oligochaete worm, Branchiura sowerbyi. The 96 h LC50 with 95% confidence limits of B. sowerbyi was 2.87 (2.50–3.17) mg/l. None of the unexposed control worm died during the experiment. Mortality rate between each dose and mortality rate between 24–96 h depending on time was correlated. The mortality rate also varied significantly (p<0.05) with …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Studies on acute toxicity and behavioral responses of Heteropneustes fossilis (Linn.) exposed to Diazinon
Abstract: In the present study, acute toxicity of the organophosphate pesticide, diazinon, was evaluated under experimental condition to adult Heteropneustes fossilis. The 96 h LC50 with 95% confidence limits of Heteropneustes fossilis is 16.56 (14.32- 18.04) mg/l. None of the unexposed control fish died during the experiment. Mortality rate between each dose and mortality rate between 24-96 h depending on time was correlated. In the fish, significant relationship (p<0.05) was recorded …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 9–13 Read article
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The Acute Toxicological Effects of Paraquat on Male Reproductive Hormones (Testosterone, Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone) of Intoxicated Rats
Abstract: Paraquat (PQ) a contact herbicide widely used to control weeds in agricultural, recreational, or industrial sites has been linked in various studies as a contributory agent to high male infertility in regions of most use. The current study investigated the acute toxicity effect of PQ administered intraperitoneal (ip.) on reproductive hormones; luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (Te) of male rats. 24 rats, grouped four per group …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 13–16 Read article
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Phytochemical Screening, Proximate Analysis and Acute Toxicity Study of Ethanolic Extract of Launaea taraxacifolia on Visceral Organs of Albino Rats
Abstract: Despite increase in the acceptance of herbs for the treatment of certain diseases, there are limited information on the effectiveness, safety and toxicity of herbs. In this study, proximate analysis, phytochemical screening and acute toxicity studies on the herbal recipe, Launaea taraxacifolia were carried out. Constituents of Launaea taraxacifolia were extracted using ethanol. Phytochemical screening and proximate analysis were carried out on the extract. Fifteen (15) albino rats, divided into …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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A study on acute toxicity of a herbicide Fenoxaprop-P-Ethyl on Heteropneustes fossilis along with their behavioural changes
Abstract: AbstractThis study was made to assess the acute toxic effects of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (herbicide used in agriculture) to singhi fish (Heteropneustes fossilis) along with the changes in their behaviour during the test. The 24, 48, 72 and 96 hour LC50 values of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl to Hetropneustes fossilis are made with the concentration of 0.45, 0.72, 1.08, 1.44, 1.8, 2.7, 3.06, 3.6 mg/l. The mortality rate of Heteropneustes fossilis varied significantly (p<0.05) with …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 12–17 Read article
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Acute Toxicity and Histopathological Evaluation of Polyherbal Formulations of Annona Squamosa, Zingiber Officinalis and Triticum Aestivum in Wistar Rats
Abstract: The relationship between dose and its effects on the exposed organism is of high significance in toxic evaluation. The present study was aimed for the safety assessment of methanolic extract of Annona squamosa, Zingiber Officinalis and Triticum aestivum as polyherbal formulations at different ratios in albino Wistar rats. Sighting study was conducted in one female rat by administering 300 mg/kg body weight of polyherbal formulation through oral gavage. There were …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Acute Toxicity, Morphological Changes and Behavioral Responses Induced by Sodium Perfluorooctanoate in Indian Major Carp Labeo rohita (Ham.)
Abstract: Sodium perfluorooctanoate (NaPFO) is an anthropogenic ubiquitous environmental pollutant mainly used in textile, paper and ink industries, for specialized usage as emulsifiers, firefighting foam, lubricants etc. It finds entry into aquatic ecosystem through effluents from these industries. Static renewal bioassay test was conducted to determine 96 h LC50 of NaPFO on Indian major carp, Labeo rohita. The behavioral and morphological alterations in fingerlings were observed critically during the whole experiment …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Sub-acute Toxicity of β-cyfluthrin in Hepatic Tissue and its Amelioration through Punica granatum in Swiss albino mice
Abstract: β-cyfluthrin, member of synthetic pyrethroid pesticide Type II is broadly used multipurpose insecticide. Widespread and indiscriminate use of β-cyfluthrin leads to environmental contamination and toxicity towards nontarget mammalian systems. The present study was undertaken to examine toxic manifestation of β-cyfluthrin in hepatic tissue of Swiss albino mice and also evaluate possible mitigative potential of pomegranate juice (PJ) in combating pesticide induced hepato-toxicity. Animals were divided into five groups namely, control, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 41–52 Read article
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Phytochemical, Acute Toxicity and Heavy Metals Evaluation of Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss (Meliaceae) Stem Bark
Abstract: The present work was aimed to determine the phytochemical constituents, median lethal dose (LD50) and levels of heavy metals in Khaya senegalensis stem bark obtained from Kano State, Nigeria. The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, phenolic compounds and carbohydrates, while the LD50 of the aqueous stem bark extract was above 5000 mg/kg body weight using OECD and Lorke’s method. The heavy metals analysis …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Evaluation of Acute Toxicity Levels and Behavioral Changes to the Fry of Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) Under Exposure of a Pyrethroid Insecticide Cypermethrin
Abstract: Toxicity of an insecticide Cypermethrin to the fry of common carp, Cyprinus carpio along with their behavioural changes was evaluated in the present study. The 24, 48, 72, and 96 h LC50 values of Cypermethrin to the fry of Cyprinus carpio were 1.04, 0.92, 0.89, 0.79 ng/l, respectively. The mortality rate of C. carpio showed significant variation (p < .05) with the increasing concentrations at all exposure times. On the …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 102–107 Read article
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Analgesic Activity and Acute Toxicity Study of Zornia gibbosa Span (Samyojaki) in Mice
Abstract: The herb Zornia gibbosa Span is a member of fabaceae family and commonly known as Nellujollusoppu/Haradahacchaga in Udupi district of Karnataka. The drug is widely used in the treatment of fracture by folklore practitioners to pacify pain and inflammation. In fracture the pain is generated by multiple nociceptors presence in response to discontinuity of periosteum and endosteum during trauma. So in order to justify the folklore claims, pharmacological analysis of …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Fluoride and Aluminum on Plant and Animal Models
Abstract: Ecotoxicological studies revealed aluminum (Al2SO4. 24 H2O) to be more toxic than fluoride (NaF) on a battery of test organisms (EC/LC50 of Al = 0.308 1.46 ppm; F = 116.6 232.8 ppm). During chronic exposure (Al = 3 ppm, F = 10 ppm for 60 90 days), there was reduction in growth parameters of organisms at different trophic levels in a food chain such as producers {dry weights (6.7 29.0) …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 1–19 Read article
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Toxicity of Alpha-Cypermethrin on Fish
Abstract: Alpha-cypermethrin is a type II synthetic pyrethroid. Synthetic pyrethroids are used extensively for the control of insect pest and public health purpose. A fresh water fish was exposed to lethal concentration and sub lethal concentration of alpha-cypermethrin, respectively to observe the enzyme activity in functionally two different tissues—gills and liver. The present article focusses on non-target organism in fresh water environment and critically evaluates the toxicity of these pyrethroids in …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 33–38 Read article
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Protective Effects of Phyllanthus amarus and Sida acuta Extracts Against DoxorubicinInduced Toxicity in Chick Embryo Models
Abstract: Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone of cancer treatment, yet severe side effects, including cardiotoxicity often limit its clinical application. Doxorubicin, a widely used anticancer drug, is particularly associated with dose-dependent toxicities that impact the heart, liver, and kidneys. In search of complementary approaches to mitigate these adverse effects, this study evaluates the protective potential of hydro-alcoholic extracts from Phyllanthus amarus and Sida acuta, two medicinal plants with known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Impact of Hexavalent Chromium on Histopathology in Freshwater Stinging Catfish Heteropneustes Fossilis
Abstract: Acute toxicity of Cr (VI) (as K2Cr2O7) to freshwater stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis and its histopathological impacts on gill and liver tissue were evaluated. Fish showed behavioral alterations after K2Cr2O7 exposure and 96 h-LC50 was 35.724 mg/L in static bioassay. Fish were exposed to three sub-lethal concentrations (concentration I=1/4th of 96 h-LC50, concentration II=1/10th of 96 h-LC50 and concentration III=environmental concentration of Cr reported in the river Buriganga). Blood, liver …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2013 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Evaluation on the Sensitivity of the Freshwater Tropical Worm, Branchiura sowerbyi (Beddard, 1892) to the Pyrethroid Pesticide, Bifenthrin
Abstract: In the present study, acute toxicity of the pyrethroid pesticide, bifenthrin, was evaluated under the experimental condition to the freshwater tropical oligochaete worm, Branchiura sowerbyi. The 96 h LC50 with 95% confidence limits of B. sowerbyi was 1.043(0.721-1.327) μg/l. None of the unexposed control test animal died during the experiment. Relation between each concentration and mortality rate during 24–96 h was found to be correlated. The mortality rate varied significantly …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Ecology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 8–13 Read article