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12 articles for “Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)”
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Pharmaceutical Cocrystals of Pain Relieving Drugs
Abstract: Cocrystallisation of two components into one crystal form can enhance the solid-state properties of drug compounds. Cocrystals are considered as the next generation modified-active pharmaceutical ingredients with improved physical-chemical, (aqueous solubility, dissolution, hygroscopicity, bioavailability, stability, increase of melting point, purity of an active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), intellectual property positions) and pharmacokinetic properties. Cocrystal formation may overcome dissolution problems of highly lipophilic APIs because the new crystalline lattice being formed often …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 16–27 Read article
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AI Enabled Pharma Supply Chain Market
Abstract: Pharmaceutical supply chains are changing because of artificial intelligence (AI). The pharmaceutical industry has always had to deal with uncertainty. From the start of research to the final delivery of medicines to patients, it faces scientific risks, government rules, and supply chain problems. In recent years, these challenges have gotten worse because there is more drug shortage, political issues are messing up transportation, and regulators are asking for more openness …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Supergenerics Regulation in India and US: A Comparative Review
Abstract: ‘Supergenerics’, a new form of generic drugs with improved properties such as safety, efficacy, stability or improved commercial attractiveness such as taste or route of administration. Those drugs are most often based on an incremental re-formulation of a generic API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) or the combination of multiple generic APIs. Process of forming supergeneric molecule need not to be complex all the time. A supergeneric may be as simple as …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 30–38 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer-Based Benzamide Derivatives with Potential Biomedical Applications
Abstract: The present study explores the synthesis and characterization of polymer-supported benzamide derivatives, focusing on their potential biomedical applications. The use of polymer-supported synthesis offers several advantages, including improved reaction efficiency, ease of purification, and reusability of the support material, making it an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach. The synthesis involved a stepwise reaction sequence, with polymeric supports facilitating controlled functionalization and ensuring high product purity. These materials have been widely …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 Read article
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Advancing Capsule Technology: A Comprehensive Review of Formulation Strategies
Abstract: Capsules are a popular and versatile oral dosage form used in drug delivery, offering benefits such as ease of swallowing, taste masking, and improved stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). They can be made from gelatin or non-gelatin materials like Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC), Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), and starch, catering to dietary, cultural, and sustainability needs. Capsules can be engineered for controlled, sustained, or targeted release, enhancing bioavailability, particularly for poorly …
Published in International Journal of Antibiotics · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 44–56 Read article
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Formulation Development and Evaluation Technique for Immediate and Modified Release Capsule
Abstract: The development and evaluation of formulations for immediate-release (IR) and modified-release (MR) capsules represent a critical aspect of pharmaceutical dosage form design, offering distinct advantages in terms of drug release profiles and therapeutic outcomes. This study focuses on the formulation strategies, techniques, and evaluation methods used to develop both IR and MR capsules. Immediate-release capsules are designed to disintegrate quickly in the gastrointestinal tract, ensuring rapid drug absorption, while modified-release …
Published in International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecule Research · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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A Brief Review on Herbal Excipients
Abstract: Natural or herbal excipients are significantly more advantageous than their synthetic equivalents because they are readily available, non-toxic, and less expensive. The pharmaceutical industries are becoming more interested in using these herbal excipients – mainly polymers of natural origin – in formulation development because of growing knowledge of them. The purpose of this study is to provide light on the possibility of using natural excipients, which are biocompatible and able …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 5–14 Read article
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Polymer-Based Film Coatings for Enhancing Drug Stability and Shelf-Life
Abstract: Pharmaceutical stability is a crucial factor in ensuring drug efficacy and safety throughout its shelf-life. Polymer-based film coatings have emerged as an effective strategy to enhance drug stability by protecting active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from environmental stressors such as moisture, oxygen, temperature fluctuations, and light exposure. These coatings act as physical barriers that prevent degradation, improve mechanical integrity, and enable controlled drug release. Various types of polymers are employed for …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 4, 2025 · pp. 558–570 Read article
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Quality Control and Assurance Practices in Modern Pharmaceutical Industry
Abstract: This brief overview outlines the global techniques for figuring out the prevalence of geotaxis impurities (residual solvents and various inorganic and organic impurities) in medications. It is now necessary to reveal a pharmaceutical product's purity and impurity profiles due to both national and international regulations. These elements are discussed, together with the kinds of impurities, their origins, their control, and regulatory issues, as well as the significance of pharmaceutical quality, …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 07–13 Read article
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Polymer Composite-Assisted Crystal Engineering for Drug Synthesis and Property Control through Solid Solutions and Co-Crystals
Abstract: The long-standing problem of low aqueous solubility, which affects about 90% of all new drug molecules under development, requires an immediate need for alternative approaches apart from the usual practice of crystallization. Polymer-composite-assisted crystal engineering is a novel technique for overcoming the aforementioned problem. This involves the addition of accepted pharmaceutical polymers, such as HPMC, PVP, PEG, and Eudragit copolymers in a single process, which can promote nucleation, stabilize the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 172–189 Read article
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Development and Validation of a Gradient RP-HPLC Method for Quantitative Determination of Potential Manufacturing Impurities in New Drug Apronalide and Pharmaceutical Formulations
Abstract: Three impurities in apronalide drug substance were detected and quantified using a simple isocratic reverse phase HPLC method. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Thermo Hypersil gold-CN, 100 A0 5 µm, and 250X4.6 mm using a mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer (pH-4.6) - Methanol with UV detection at 210 nm and flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. The column temperature was maintained at 250C throughout the analysis. This method …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Factors Affecting Shear Stress on Tablet Hardness and Disintegration
Abstract: The quality and effectiveness of pharmaceutical tablets depend heavily on several factors influencing shear stress on tablet hardness and disintegration. These factors include formulation composition, wherein the selection and concentration of excipients and active ingredients affect how the tablet material responds to shear stress. Additionally, the compression force, speed, and duration during tablet compression are critical, impacting tablet hardness and disintegration properties. Tablet geometry and design, along with tablet press …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–19 Read article