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284 articles for “tolerance”
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Hybrid Additive-Subtractive Manufacturing of Multi-Material Functionally Graded Components: Integration of Laser Powder Bed Fusion with High-Speed CNC Finishing for Aerospace Applications
Abstract: The synergy involved in the merging of additive and subtractive manufacturing technologies is the game changer to generate multi-material functionally graded components to be used in the aerospace industries. The paper is an in-depth review of a proposed hybrid additive-subtractive manufacturing, which synergistically merges laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) fashioning with rapid computer numerical control finishing production processes. The multi-material deposition, thermal issues, and optimization of post-processing are the challenges …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 398–418 Read article
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A Review on Evolution of Aircraft Fuselage Materials: From Wood to Composites & Functionally Graded Materials
Abstract: This article presents a comprehensive overview of the evolution of materials for construction of aircraft fuselages, with a focus on the expanding use of polymer composites and functionally graded materials (FGMs) in modern aerostructures. The baseline fuselage design is thought to be from wood, to be followed by metallic systems such as aluminum, titanium, and nickel alloys. All systems improved manufacturability, strength, and longevity, but there was a substantial revolution …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 447–455 Read article
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Thermal and Morphological Characterization of Rice Starch–Charcoal Composites for Eco-Friendly Engineering Applications
Abstract: This work focuses on the development and evaluation of rice starch–charcoal–based composite materials to overcome the limitations of natural composites with low thermal properties. In order to examine the impact of filler concentration on thermal and structural performance, eight composite specimens were created by altering the ratios of rice starch and charcoal. TGA, DTA, AFM, SEM, and measurements of thermal conductivity and effusivity were used to thoroughly characterize the composites. …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1286–1297 Read article
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Design and Performance Analysis of Microwave Filters and Resonators for High-Frequency Systems
Abstract: Microwave filters and resonators are fundamental components in high-frequency systems, playing a crucial role in signal selection, interference suppression, and frequency stabilization. This review presents a detailed analysis of design methodologies and performance characteristics of microwave filters and resonators used in modern communication and radar applications. Various filter topologies, including low-pass, high- pass, band-pass, and band-stop configurations, are examined with respect to their frequency response, insertion loss, selectivity, and bandwidth. …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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The Next Era of Nuclear Engineering: Beyond Fission
Abstract: Nuclear engineering is going through a big change as new technologies strain the limits of classical fission-based power generation. This article talks about the future generation of nuclear technologies, such as new reactor designs, small modular reactors (SMRs), and the growing potential of nuclear fusion. It looks at how these changes are meant to make nuclear energy safer, use less fuel, and create less long-lived radioactive waste, which are all …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 35–41 Read article
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Structural Optimization of FDM-Processed ASA Polymer Frames through Acetone Solvent Welding, Variable Infill Strategy, and Layer Orientation: Experimental Validation via Quadcopter Flight Testing
Abstract: Acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA) is an amorphous terpolymer with superior UV resistance compared to acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), as its acrylate rubber phase lacks photodegradation-prone carbon–carbon double bonds. This study proposes acetone solvent welding as a polymer joining method to produce monolithic structures from FDM-processed ASA components, addressing three processing challenges: achieving structural continuity through polymer chain interdiffusion at solvent-wetted interfaces, correcting thermal warping via post-print geometric correction during welding, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 689–703 Read article
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Uttarabasti in Female Infertility: A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Safety Profile
Abstract: Background: Uttarabasti (UB) is a specialized Panchakarma procedure involving intrauterine instillation of medicated Sneha, classically indicated in Yonivyapad and Vandhyatwa. It facilitates targeted local drug delivery, bypassing gastrointestinal metabolism and enabling direct therapeutic action at the uterine level. In Ayurvedic understanding, UB achieves Garbhashaya Shuddhi and Apana Vata Anulomana — the two primary pathological corrections considered essential in Vandhyatwa. Infertility affects an estimated 10–15% of couples globally, with a substantial …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Integrated DIPlib and OpenCV Framework for Precise Geometric Characterisation of Woven Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites
Abstract: The mechanical properties of woven fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites stem entirely from the geometrical regularity inherent in their reinforcement structure. Changes in the size of the unit cell, fibre tow separation, weave angle, and fibre tow spacing will have an immediate effect on the stiffness and shear modulus of the material. In this paper, a combined machine vision system that incorporates both the OpenCV and DIPlib libraries is proposed for …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 158–171 Read article
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Structural Performance Evaluation of Circular Perforated Plates under Mechanical Loading
Abstract: Circular perforated plates are structurally critical components in aerospace, automotive, and marine sectors, where perforation-induced stress concentrations govern failure under mechanical loading. This study conducts a systematic finite element analysis of stress distribution, deformation, and interlaminar behavior in aluminum and glass-epoxy laminates ([−45/45/90/0]S and [−45/45/90/0]AS) under uniform transverse pressure with clamped-free boundary conditions. Four perforation configurations—no hole, central hole, single-series, and 25-hole grid—were evaluated using ANSYS Shell-181, verified against Kirchhoff–Love, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 1–20 Read article
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Group-Theoretic Symmetry Indices for Modular Building Layouts under Seismic Load Redistribution
Abstract: Symmetry in modular buildings operates simultaneously as an architectural language, a structural regularizer, and a computational design variable. This paper develops a group-theoretic framework for evaluating and optimizing plan symmetry in modular buildings subjected to seismic load redistribution. The building layout is modeled as a finite occupancy–stiffness field defined on a rectangular lattice, where each module encodes both mass and stiffness contributions. Planar reflections and quarter-turn rotations are represented as …
Published in Emerging Trends in Symmetry · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 01–07 Read article
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Representation-Theoretic Symmetry Reduction and Fuzzy-Grey Optimization of Modular Vibration Systems
Abstract: This paper presents a representation-theoretic framework for symmetry-aware vibration control in modular structural systems. Exploiting cyclic symmetry, the mass, damping, and stiffness operators are block-diagonalised into irreducible representations, reducing the full structural dynamics to a collection of lower-dimensional modal subsystems. This decomposition provides both computational efficiency and a rigorous mathematical description of symmetry-preserving dynamic behaviour. To account for imperfections arising in practical implementations, near-symmetry defects in stiffness and damping are …
Published in Emerging Trends in Symmetry · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 22–30 Read article
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Performance and Analysis of 6T, 8T & 10T SRAM Cell in 28nm Technology
Abstract: Technology scaling into deep sub-micron regimes has significantly increased the design challenges of Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), particularly at the 28 nm technology node. As transistor dimensions shrink, SRAM cells become more vulnerable to stability degradation, leakage current, process variations, and reduced noise margins, which adversely affect overall memory performance and reliability. The conventional 6T SRAM cell remains widely used due to its compact structure and high storage density; …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 12–18 Read article
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Recent Routing Protocols in UAV Networks: Classifications, Challenges, and Future Directions
Abstract: Routing protocols enable reliable communication in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks, particularly Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs), amid high-speed 3D mobility, dynamic topologies, and energy limits. Key challenges include intermittent links due to mobility, limited energy resources, variable network density, and the need to minimize end-to-end delay while maximizing throughput and fault tolerance. This paper classifies recent UAV routing protocols into topology-based routing protocols, position-based routing protocols, and hierarchical-based routing protocols. …
Published in International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis Review · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Layered Metal–Polymer Hybrid Laminates with Embedded Impact Sensors for Connected Automotive Panels
Abstract: The increasing demand for lightweight, intelligent, and structurally reliable automotive components has accelerated the development of multifunctional hybrid materials capable of simultaneously providing superior mechanical performance and real-time structural health monitoring. In this study, a novel layered metal–polymer hybrid laminate incorporating an embedded flexible impact sensor was developed for connected automotive panel applications. The laminate was fabricated using AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy face sheets and a thermoplastic polyurethane interlayer through hot-press …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 · pp. 36–47 Read article
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Holographic Beam Switching and Intelligent Routing for Terahertz Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks
Abstract: The rapid evolution of sixth-generation (6G) and beyond communication technologies necessitates highly adaptive, ultra-high-capacity, and low-latency networking frameworks capable of supporting global connectivity across terrestrial and non-terrestrial domains. This study proposes a novel holographic beam switching and intelligent routing framework for terahertz (THz) Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks (SAGINs). The proposed architecture leverages holographic beamforming techniques to dynamically manipulate electromagnetic wavefronts, enabling precise beam steering, reduced interference, and enhanced spectral efficiency in …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Research Paper A Review of Symmetry in Mechanical Systems: Theoretical Systems Foundations and Engineering Applications
Abstract: In mechanical system analysis and design, symmetry is of mechanical systems. This article examines the idea of symmetry in mechanical systems, exploring its mathematical foundations (such as Lie algebras and group theory) and how these ideas help explain the behavior, stability, and control of the system. We explore the applications of symmetry in a range of mechanical systems, from basic mechanical connections to intricate multi-body dynamics, emphasizing the benefits of …
Published in Emerging Trends in Symmetry · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 15–19 Read article
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Early Pregnancy Levels of Fasting Glucose, HbA1c, and Adiponectin as Predictors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Pregnant Women in Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract: Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is rapidly becoming a major public health issue across India, and Tamil Nadu continues to report some of the country’s highest incidence figures. Identifying women at elevated risk during the first trimester allows health workers to intervene early and improve outcomes for both mothers and babies. This research, therefore, examines whether fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin, and adiponectin measured at that initial visit can reliably …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 10–18 Read article
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Mechanical Performance Assessment of Hybrid FRP Laminates with Carbon Fiber Core Using Experimental and Numerical Approaches
Abstract: The high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance and design flexibility of Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have attracted considerable attention in aerospace, automotive and structural applications. This work presents an experimental and finite element study on the tensile and flexural behavior of epoxy-based hybrid FRP laminates. Five laminate configurations were manufactured, including a unidirectional carbon fiber laminate and four hybrid laminates, Kevlar–Carbon–Kevlar (K/C/K), Glass–Carbon–Glass (G/C/G), Kevlar–Carbon–Glass (K/C/G), and Glass–Carbon–Kevlar (G/C/K). For all …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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A Mathematical Perspective on Recent Cloud-Computing Trends for Scalable and Secure Social-Media Platforms
Abstract: Cloud computing underpins modern social-media platforms by providing elastic compute, storage, and data-processing pipelines capable of absorbing highly bursty workloads. This paper surveys recent cloud-native trends—serverless and event-driven design, container orchestration, edge/CDN offload, streaming analytics, and privacy-enhancing security controls—and formalizes their impact through a compact mathematical model. We express workload volatility using arrival-rate functions, use queueing-based capacity sizing to derive auto-scaling rules, and formulate an optimization objective that balances cost …
Published in Recent Trends in Mathematics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 35–40 Read article
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Spectral Intuitionistic Fuzzy Hypergraph Operators and Dominance Kernels for Resilient Discrete Network Design
Abstract: A new discrete-mathematical framework is developed for resilient network design on intuitionistic fuzzy hypergraphs, where uncertainty is explicitly represented through membership, non-membership, and hesitation degrees associated with both vertices and hyperedges. These three components are systematically integrated into an effective incidence operator that captures the underlying uncertain relationships within complex hypergraph structures. Based on this operator, both un-normalised and normalized Laplacian matrices are formulated to characterize the spectral properties and …
Published in Recent Trends in Mathematics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 41–48 Read article