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190 articles for “passivation”
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Design of Active Filter using CMOS based IInd Generation Current Conveyor in Current Mode
Abstract: Traditional design techniques used in VLSI are in voltage mode, but these have drawbacks like low bandwidth, non-linearity and less gain. Current conveyors act similar to operational amplifiers but are advantageous over older VLSI design techniques because of high bandwidth-gain product, reduced power consumption etc. This paper consists of two parts: circuit diagram of current conveyor (which is a three terminal analog device) is discussed first and its working is …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 15–21 Read article
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An Innovative Approach of the Analysis of the Low Noise of a CMOS-Based Amplifier for Analog Signal-based Applications
Abstract: A low-noise amplifier (LNA), which is based on the cascode feedback methodology, has been commonly used for various wireless protocol-based network applications nowadays. It is so because this topology ensures that the low-noise amplifier (LNA) can achieve quite a high performance and thus, provides a high qualitative output. This amplifier is operated with a low voltage supply in the range of few volts that requires that the impedances of the …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 7–15 Read article
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Switched Capacitor-based RC Filter
Abstract: Today we know that the demand of low voltage for low power integrated circuits (ICs) are used for growing the portable equipment in all the markets including telecommunication, computers and customer electronics with smaller size. The low voltage need for ICs is also motivated by the new dip submicron complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology scaling that required all transistors of smaller size. In current years, a lot of researches …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 32–40 Read article
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Effectiveness of Semi-Active Variable Stiffness Tuned Mass Damper for Seismic Load Using LQR Control
Abstract: In this study, effectiveness of semi-active variable stiffness tuned mass damper in reducing seismic response of 10-story frame structure is evaluated. The variable stiffness device, comprising four spring, having rhombus configuration, adapted from literature is attached to the tuned mass damper. A control algorithm using state space form of governing equation of motion is developed. LQR controller is employed to obtain control force based on displacement and velocity response feedback. …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 11–11 Read article
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A Study On Mems Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor Design And Its Applications
Abstract: Easier and faster means of Pressure measurement is in utmost demand in Industries. MEMS piezoelectric pressure sensors can meet the claim due to its compactness and lightweight. The pressure measurement is purely application specific. The number of steps required to fabricate the MEMs sensor can be condensed if a proper selection of sensor is done. Based on the type of the piezoelectric materials used in the design, the shape of …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 18–23 Read article
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Experimental Aspects of Surface-Driven Capillary Flow in Microfluidics
Abstract: AbstractAt least one of the length, width or height must be less than one millimetre in any microchannel. The fluidic motion in any microchannel is called the microfluidic flow. Surface-driven capillary flow is also called the passive capillary flow in microfluidics. Polymers are common materials to fabricate the microfluidic devices. In this work, different aspects of surface-driven capillary flow are briefly explained. Surface-driven capillary flow has many bioengineering applications that …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 15–19 Read article
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Antenna as a Biosensor: A Survey
Abstract: AbstractBesides the communication, antenna has a great capability to sense the physical condition of surrounding environment and object. A minute change in the antenna design depending on the application or experimental conditions is required to use antenna as a sensor. Combining these antennas with passive RFID chips, results in a fabulous sensing device with large number of advantages like small size, light weight, low cost, low energy consumption, durable etc. …
Published in Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Smart Shopping System Application based on RFID.”
Abstract: Recent events indicate that going shopping in malls has taken on a daily routine in large cities. After making a purchase, customers must stand in queue for a long time to pay the bill. The fundamental idea is to make regular shopping easier by reducing time spent and eliminating daily hassles like selecting the right item and waiting in big lines. Therefore, since RFID passive tags have a greater range, …
Published in Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 8–14 Read article
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HCC Based Hybrid Shunt Active Filter to Reduce the Harmonics Due to Switching Surges
Abstract: This paper deals with the hysteresis current control based hybrid shunt active filter to reduce the harmonics produced by frequent switching of industrial loads in distribution system. The main harmonic sources of distribution lines are the non linear loads and frequent switching of industrial loads. The harmonics due to non linear loads can be controlled by passive filters. The switching surges are dynamic and its magnitude dies out quickly. Hence …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 15–19 Read article
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ONU Placement and Restoration using Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm for Fiber Wireless Network
Abstract: AbstractFusion of optical domain and wireless domain makes a new promising technology called as Fiber Wireless (FiWi) access network, which actually integrates the features of both in it. FiWi consists of passive optical network (PON) as optical backend which serves high bandwidth, high data rates etc. and wireless mesh network (WMN) as wireless frontend which provides the self-healing nature, high mobility and low cost. Various optimizing schemes for Optical Network …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 57–73 Read article
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Effect of Surface Wettability on the Surface-Driven Capillary Flow in SU-8 Microchannels
Abstract: AbstractSU-8 microfluidic devices have been fabricated by the maskless lithography. Passive capillary flow is suitable to manipulate liquid in the lab-on-a-chip systems. The surface-driven capillary flow of dyed water in each microfluidic device has been recorded and analysed. The measured static water contact angles are 72.6°and 81.2° on the hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) deposited flat surface and Si-a:C:H deposited flat surface respectively. Either, a-C:H or Si-a:C:H has been deposited on …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 24–29 Read article
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A Survey on Congestion Control in Wireless Network Using Different Protocols
Abstract: AbstractThis paper presents a complete summary of work on congestion control in wireless network within the layers of the wireless network protocol. This paper is about the wireless network and the congestion in wireless network, describe the routing protocols such as proactive and reactive protocols (DSDV, DSR and AODV). Explain queue management and types of queue management such as Active Queue Management (AQM) and Passive Queue Management (PQM) and their …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 6–11 Read article
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An Efficient Approach for Detection of Wormhole Attack in MANET
Abstract: AbstractMobile Adhoc Network (MANET) consists of a huge amount of the mobile nodes with wireless communications and computation capabilities. Due to their diverse applications, Adhoc networks are appealing for use in many domains. These networks operate in the license free frequency band and do not require any investment in infrastructure, making them attractive for military and selected commercial applications. Security is a central concern in the MANET. The MANET is …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 12–22 Read article
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Multi-way Protection Scheme to Handle Multiple Failures for Cost-Efficient Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) Access Networks
Abstract: AbstractFiber Wireless (FiWi) access networks prove themselves as promising broadband access networks. These networks enable users to access services in “Anywhere-Anytime” fashion. FiWi networks offer higher bandwidth and better flexibility at much lower price than passive optical network. As FiWi supports high data rate (typically about Gigabits per second), any failure may results in huge data loss. Therefore, to protect such loss of data, we need to design a more …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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25 Gbps Downstream, 3 Gbps Upstream, 20 Km Reach PON Using Duobinary Modulation Based on Reflective-ONU Utilizing R-SOA for Remodulation
Abstract: AbstractThe paper demonstrates 3 Gbps upstream transmission, 25 Gbps of downstream transmission of a single channel PON over 20 Km utilizing the wavelength reuse scheme using R-SOA in the ONU. NRZ and duobinary modulation scheme is considered and compared and the duobinary modulation scheme is selected for its better performance.Keywords: Reflective semiconductor optical amplifier, Passive Optical Network (PON), duobinary modulation, fiber to the x (FTTx)
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Automatic Room Light ON/OFF Control using Arduino
Abstract: The concept and construction of an automatic room light ON/OFF control utilising an Arduino and a PIR sensor are presented in this research article. When a person enters the room, the system is programmed to turn on the lights, and when the room is empty, it is programmed to turn them off. The device uses a Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor and an Arduino microcontroller to detect the presence of a …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 27–32 Read article
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Comparative Analysis of Session Hijacking on Different Operating Systems
Abstract: ABSTRACTSession hijacking is the act of taking control of a user session after successfully obtaining or generating an authentication session id. This paper presents the comparative analysis of session hijacking on different operating systems. The experiment has been conducted on a LAN system. First, session id is captured, then hijacking is performed. The two methods for capturing the session id are used that consist of passive sniffing and active sniffing. …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2012 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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A Novel Approach for Detection and Prevention of Malicious Nodes in Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Abstract: AbstractIn current years, the mobile ad hoc network (MANET) plays an essential part in networking research environment for sharing information from one to others. It works in the distributed situation and changes the topology very frequently because of its dynamic nature. In our work, we proposed the secure path by calculating the trust of each node in the network. Trust computation is one of the most significant tasks for communication, …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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A Review on Trust Based Approach and Various Attacks in Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Abstract: AbstractMobile ad hoc networks rely on the cooperation of all the participating nodes, which is a kind of self-organizing and decentralized system. MANETs are basically vulnerable to two different types of attacks: active attacks and passive attacks. The concept of trust is important for communication and network protocol designers, where establishing trust relationships among participating nodes is critical in enabling collaborative optimization of system metrics. Trust should be determined in …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 13–20 Read article
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A Review on AODV Protocol and Various Attacks in Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Abstract: Abstract—Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) allow for wireless devices to form a network without the need for central infrastructure. While the lack of need for infrastructure allows the network to be very flexible, it also makes routing a critical concern in the network. The member nodes are themselves responsible for the creation, operation and maintenance of the network using single hop or multi hop communication. Worm hole attack is one of …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 1–8 Read article