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928 articles for “averaging”
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Analysis of LSDCCFF at 0.09 µm Technology
Abstract: The traditional low swing differential conditional capture flip-flop (LSDCCFF) for LC resonant clock distribution network has wide range of applications but has poor power consumption. These characteristics can be improved by using the modified LSDCCFF. This paper presents the design of modified LSDCCFF with less delay and low operating power. The implementation of the circuit is done using LSDCCFF. By using voltage scaling technique, the average power consumption can be …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 32–39 Read article
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Near-Surface Seismic Refraction Tomography; a case study for geotechnical application
Abstract: Usually, among geophysical techniques, seismic refraction methods are used to investigate near surface geology for engineering purposes. In these study physical parameters, longitudinal seismic wave velocities were used to characterize the shallow subsurface layers for geotechnical application. The physical response of subsurface materials varies as the structure, porosity, fluid saturation, composition and tie-up vary. These variations primarily viewed in the first arrival time of seismic waves. With the necessary steps, …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 18–26 Read article
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Cost Effective Wastewater Treatment Technique for Bara Nulla Peshawar
Abstract: Various samples from Bara Nulla in Peshawar were collected and analyzed, using standard methods for various important wastewater parameters. The effluent discharge from the nulla is highly polluted in terms of its physical and chemical properties. Most of it parameters do not meet the requirements of Pak-EPA NEQS limitations set for industrial and domestic effluent discharge. The average wastewater characteristics of nulla in terms of COD, BOD, TDS, TSS, turbidity …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 24–28 Read article
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Research Paper on Thermal Comfort Analysis of Tractor Considering Multi-Parameters
Abstract: The main functions of a vehicle cabin are to provide a comfortable and relaxing environment for itsoperator and to protect them from vibrations, noise, and other adverse influences. Modernagricultural tractor cabins are complicated, high-efficiency systems, and the goal of theirdevelopment is to reduce their negative influence on the environment. Main factors for thermalcomfort are the dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity, surrounding surface temperature, and airmotion. A tractor cabin was created with …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Response Surface Approach of Optimization to study the Effects of Drilling Parameters in AISI-304 Stainless Steel
Abstract: The effect of cutting parameters specifically cutting speed, feed rate, drill depth and drill diameter during drilling of AISI-304 stainless steel material on automatic radial drilling machine (RM-62) at different level presents in this work. All the cutting parameters are modeled using response surface methodology (RSM). The impact of cutting speed, feed rate, drill depth and drill diameter on the machining time, average roughness and peak roughness is examined. Finally, …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 21–32 Read article
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Structure and Cube Texture Development Trend of Al4.5MgMn Alloy at Variable Annealing Conditions
Abstract: Hot-rolled Al4.5MgMn alloy was cold rolled to true strain levels 0.8, 1.6 and 2.3. Annealing at 300°C, 350°C and 400 °C was done to develop annealing structure. The annealed structures were measured by SEM-EBSD. The average grain size and grain size distributions were measured using Sigma-scan-Pro 5 structure analysis software. The average grain size and grain size distributions showed higher number frequency of lower annealing grain size with the increase …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2013 · pp. 32–38 Read article
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Performance Analysis of Complimentary Pass Transistor Logic Based Multiplexer Using Dual-gate FinFET Technology
Abstract: AbstractThis paper presents the design and analysis of double gate FinFET complimentary pass transistor logic (CPL) multiplexer. The circuit of multiplexer (MUX) using CPL is used for comparison of performance parameters like average power consumption, rise/fall time, delay, slew rate, PDP and EDP. Multiplexer is a digital circuit, it has inputs and select line; select lines are used for select input lines to transfer data to the output end. The …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 41–48 Read article
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A New Analytical Expression of ASEP with MRC Diversity Over Composite Model of α-μ/Inverse Gaussian Fading Distribution
Abstract: AAbstract: Average Symbol Error Probability (ASEP) is an important performance metrics to evaluate the performance of any wireless communication system, under different modulation schemes over a fading channel. The phenomenon of shadowing and multipath fading are the two important factors which affect wireless communication. Composite modeling is an approach to accustom the effects of both simultaneously. This paper analyzes the performance of a wireless communication system over a composite model …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Tensile and Impact Properties of Jute/Glass and Jute/Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene
Abstract: AbstractComposites have created a niche in the world market today as they provide a stiff, strong and lightweight material. Two types of composites polypropylene/jute/glass fiber and polypropylene/jute/carbon fibers were prepared by varying the percentages of jute, glass and carbon fibers, respectively. A proportion of 35:5, 30:10, 25:15 and 20:20 were maintained between jute and other reinforcing fiber (glass or carbon) in polypropylene matrix. Tensile and impact test specimens were prepared …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 35–39 Read article
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Characterization and Stability Analysis of Crude Oil-in-Water Emulsions
Abstract: AbstractProduced water in the form of oil-in-water emulsion is the largest waste stream generated during the oil and gas production. Characterizations of oil-in-water emulsion in terms of stability study with respect to oil droplet size distribution, oil content, total dissolved solids, salinity with respect to time and rheological property have been investigated in the present work. Particle size distributions of freshly prepared oil-in-water emulsion of different crude oil concentration and …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Parallel Conwip for a High-mix Multi-stage Production System with the entrance of rework
Abstract: In a complex production environment, more than one type of pull systems is often used to regulate the processesof different products. In literature, performance studies appertaining to multiple pull systems co-existed in aproduction environment are rare. The present paper evaluates the performances of parallel CONWIP (PC)systems in a high-mix production system with the entrance of rework. The production comprises three stages ofshared-machine facilities. Reject parts produced by the first stage …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 1, Issue 1-2-3, 2011 · pp. 21–44 Read article
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Digital Front-End Architecture of ECG Acquisition System with 0.5V Supply
Abstract: AbstractDue to the popularity of portable electronic products, low power systems have attracted more attention in recent years. Dynamic power consumption remains to be the biggest contributor to the total power consumption of a hardware design. A new power efficient electrocardiogram acquisition system that uses a fully digital architecture to reduce the power consumption and chip area has been proposed in this paper. The design of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 11–20 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of In2S3 Nanoflake Thin Film for Photosensor Applications
Abstract: Indium sulphide (In2S3) thin films in the form of nanoflakes are synthesized by using chemical vapour deposition method on glass substrate with the intension to test its photosensor applications. These as deposited nanoflake thin films are characterized for physicochemical properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis,scanning electron microscopy (SEM) while optoelectronic properties were studied using optical and electrical characteristics obtained through UV-Vis transmission spectroscopy and I-V …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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Detailed Study On Physical Properties Of Silicon Nitride Films Deposited By Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition System
Abstract: Amorphous silicon nitride films have been deposited by radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) technique using silane (SiH4) and ammonia (NH3) as source gases. Investigations have been made in detail to understand the influence of process parameters such as RF power, substrate temperature, gas flow ratio, working pressure etc, on the optical, electrical and surface properties in order to obtain dielectric Si3N4 films for semiconductor device applications. Amorphous …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Pipeline Integrity Optimal Maintenance Techniques and Its Reliability
Abstract: This study is aimed at determining the optimal maintenance model for utilizing both preventive and corrective costs control system. It was assumed that operating conditions and pipeline diameters were uniform following the cumulated results and computational analysis. The research included an estimation which shows that the average cost for the installation and of course the maintenance of a healthy and operational pipeline is within $1,989,992 per km. Considering the failure …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 23–29 Read article
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Affordable Water Pricing for Slums Dwellers in Dhaka Metropolitan Area: The Case of Three Slums
Abstract: Ensuring affordable and equitable access to safe water for all in urban areas is a major water management challenge for Bangladesh. Both the availability and the quality of water are declining in the poor urban areas, especially in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. Lack of access to affordable drinking water in the slums of Dhaka metropolitan area (DMA) poses a major challenge for Bangladesh to achieve target 6.1 of the …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 15–33 Read article
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Wind Speed Forecasting
Abstract: AbstractAs the world exhausts its non-renewable energy reservoirs, building predictive models for renewable energy dependencies comes important a fortiori. In this study we examine how well a Deep Neutral Networks performs on wind speed data in a time series forecasting. The data used are based on wind speed readings acquired at the first-of-its-kind LiDAR based offshore which is situated at the Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, which is about 23 km …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 13–17 Read article
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Detection of Criminal Traces during Forced Iris Authentication
Abstract: AbstractAlthough iris recognition system is considered as most robust, hard to counterfeit and the most secure system of biometric authentication. However the existing system fails to detect a forced authentication which might be misused by criminals to unlock the user's account. In this paper we examine the conditions in which a real user is forcibly presented in front of iris scanner on gun point to unlock the account. In this …
Published in Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 10–18 Read article
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Simulation of Single Phase AC-DC Power Factor Corrected Converter: A Technological Review
Abstract: This paper is intended to review the significant development of power factor correction by using boost converter topology for single phase power supply to the load in the last decay. Contents in this review paper starts with an introduction of power factor correction by boost converter topology adopted by many industries. Different power factor correction methods are available, which can be applied to get better power factor and low harmonic …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 72–83 Read article
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Native Language Identification from Spoken Indian English
Abstract: Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems that facilitate voice based search and information retrieval have gained importance recently. While the performance of ASR systems for Indian languages have improved in the recent past. They have yet to gain wide acceptability as much as the ASR systems for English spoken by Indians. Almost all Indians learn English as a second or third language. So, the phoneme set and the prosody of native …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 1–6 Read article