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552 articles for “Optics”
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Investigations with Gigabit Passive Optical Network
Abstract: Gigabit Passive Optical Network is one of the emergent technology to compete with high bandwidth requirement of impending subscribers. Accordingly, this manuscript explores the proposed design of the GPON. Numerical simulations have been executed for the non-return to zero and return to zero pattern with and without the Raman Effect over the single mode fiber of 20 km length of transmission. The design’s performance has been evaluated on the basis …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 40–45 Read article
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WDM Transmission for Free Space Optics under Different Atmospheric Conditions
Abstract: AbstractThis paper presents the design and simulation of a 32-channel WDM transmission system for free space optics (FSO) taking different atmospheric effects (rain, fog and scintillation) into account. The commercial software, namely, OptiSystem is used for the design of WDM-FSO where the system performances are evaluated in terms of bit error rate (BER) and eye diagrams. Weather data of Khulna, a district in the south-western part of Bangladesh, is used …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Effects of EDFA Parameters on the Performance of A 4-Channel CWDM Optical Communication System
Abstract: AbstractIn this work, the performance of EDFA has been analyzed in Conventional band (C- band) based on its three types of application system i.e. pre-amplifier, post-amplifier and inline amplifier system. To check the performance for these three application system, a 4-channel Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) system has been designed using EDFA with optical CWDM fiber. By varying the length and numerical aperture (NA) of EDFA, different factors such as …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 33–38 Read article
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Characterizing L-Band EDFA for WDM Optical Communication using Implicit Analytical Model
Abstract: ABSTRACT In this paper, some of the significant design parameters of L-band EDFA such as choice of optimum pump wavelength, optimum erbium-doped fiber (EDF) length, and optimum pump power have been characterized by solving implicit analytical signal gain equation using simulation as derived for C-band EDFA by F. F. Rühl. After determining optimum pump wavelength, optimum pump power and optimum EDF length, performance of L-band signal amplification has been shown …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2012 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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Performance Analysis of Free Space Optics with Optsim Simulator
Abstract: ABSTRACT Free space optics (FSO) is an expanding technology that is gaining acceptance in an increasing number of sectors of science and industry in tropical region, such as Malaysia. It provides an effective line of sight, wireless and high bandwidth communication between two points. However, FSO does have an uncontrolled drawback which is highly sensitive to atmospheric phenomena such as environmental temperature, rain, fog, smoke, and haze. Thus, the impact …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2012 · pp. 28–34 Read article
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Short Report on Surface-driven Microfluidic Flow of Dyed Ethanol in Microchannel Bend Fabricated by Optically Transparent Polymer in Cleanroom Environment
Abstract: In this experimental work, a single microchannel bend is fabricated by maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is the chosen optically transparent polymeric material to fabricate the microchannel bend inside the cleanroom laboratory. Dyed ethanol is prepared as working liquid. CMOS camera is used to record the surface-driven capillary flow of dyed ethanol in the fabricated microchannel bend. Effect of centrifugal force on surface-driven capillary …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Non-linear Photonic Crystals and their Applications: A Review
Abstract: The nonlinear photonic crystals (NLPCs) are periodic material structures in which nonlinear materials are used for photonic structure formation. In nonlinear photonic crystals, the optical response mainly depends on the intensity of the light beam that propagates through the photonic crystal. These structures show new optical properties with improved or enhanced or new functionalities that cannot be observed in linear photonic crystals. In addition to this, using nonlinear materials in …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 36–39 Read article
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Structural, Morphological, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Sol–Gel Synthesized Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles for Photovoltaic Applications
Abstract: Solar cells are a promising renewable energy source, converting solar energy into electrical power. The performance and efficiency of solar cells can be enhanced by incorporating multiferroic materials, which have the potential to improve energy conversion. Bismuth ferrite (BFO) is one such material that has attracted attention for photovoltaic applications due to its bandgap energy, which ranges from 2 eV to 2.7 eV. However, its practical efficiency is currently low …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 28–41 Read article
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Suitability of Additive Manufacturing Process in Optical Lens Production
Abstract: Additive Manufacturing is one of the non-conventional methods of manufacturing that is gaining immense popularity for its ease to manufacture customized parts. The lenses have always been manufactured using a continuous process of Blanking, Surface generation, Edging and Centering, Grinding, Polishing, and Coating. But the conventional processes demand large inventories and more time. Customization of lenses may also be possible if a process like Additive Manufacturing is implemented. Also, the …
Published in Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology Read article
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Multi-factor Fused Light path QoT Prediction for Optical Net-works: A Multiple Reservoir Analysis Strategy
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication Read article
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Adaptive Car Parking Systems: Utilizing Real-Time Data and wireless sensors (optical sensors) microsystems for car parking assistance
Abstract: This Android Car Parking System App aims to simplify and improve the car parking experience for users. It provides a convenient solution for locating available parking spots, making reservations, and charging electric vehicles. The app leverages smartphone technology to enhance user convenience, reduce parking congestion, and promote efficient space utilization. The motivation behind this app is to address these issues and make the parking process more convenient and efficient. By …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 Read article
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Optical Along with Magnetic Properties of Doped Nano-Structured Mos2 Nano-Films by Spin Coating
Abstract: The supernatant containing 2D nano-flakes of Molybdenum di-sulphide (MoS2) are synthesized and collected using wet chemical synthesis process. The dispersed MoS2 nano-flakes solution is having strong absorbance values at 627 nm and 690 nm conforming to an energy band gap BG of 1.79 eV and 1.98 eV. Thereafter, MoS2 thin films with and without magnetic doping (cobalt) are deposited on n type silicon by spin coating technique. These samples are …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 297–302 Read article
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Study of the CuS/CdSe Quantum Dots on the Optical Properties of Green Synthesis
Abstract: Chalcogenides based nanomaterials, such as CdSe are emerging as an important material offering transformative potential across multiple domains, such as photocatalysis, optoelectronics, sensing, and photo luminesce. In this study we synthesised CuS/CdSe quantum dots by varying CuS concentration through plant mediated green method. The copper sulfide synthesized at varying concentrations of the Se source, exhibited bonding configuration that are comparable to those of the Cd source. The goal of this …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 176–184 Read article
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Optical Image Sensing and Analysis of Iron Ore Pellets: A Machine Learning Approach
Abstract: The present work is aimed to improve quality control in steel production using SEM imaging and machine learning. High-resolution SEM images of iron ore pellets, primarily composed of hematite and magnetite, are analyzed to understand their microstructural features, which significantly impact pellet performance during reduction processes. Traditional microstructure analysis is manual, time- consuming, and prone to inconsistencies. This study proposes an automated approach using K-Means Clustering, Canny Edge Detection, DBSCAN, …
Published in Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 7–18 Read article
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Comparative Study of Structural, Optical, Morphological, and Magnetic Properties of BifeO3 Nanoparticles Synthesized Via Green and Chemical Methods
Abstract: BiFeO3 nanoparticles were synthesized via a green route using Strychnos nux-vomica leaf extract and a conventional chemical sol–gel method to study the effect of synthesis routes on their properties. XRD analysis confirmed phase-pure rhombohedral BiFeO3 for both samples. FTIR analysis was carried out to confirm the formation of the perovskite structure and to detect surface functional groups. FESEM analysis indicated a significant effect of phytochemicals in controlling particle growth and …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Optical Character Recognition of 10 × 10 Size Binary Images
Abstract: Ten binary images of size 10 × 10 for each of the decimal numbers from 0 to 9 are considered for the simulation setup. Applying different processing techniques on these images, information contents were extracted. Initially, no noise was added in these images and character recognition of 100% was obtained. After that, noise is added in these images (i.e., images were distorted) but even then 9 out of 10 images …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2025 · pp. 30–32 Read article
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Bismuth's Doping Effect on Organic Non linear Optical Materials
Abstract: Using the method of slow evaporation solution growth, single crystals of pure and bismuth-doped urea were produced. Many interesting results on several properties of Bismuth fluoride impurity added to Urea single crystals have been observed and studied. The different morphology of bismuth doped urea crystals was noticed. By using FTIR analysis, the functional group's existence has been approximated. The generated crystals' lattice properties were examined using the single crystal X-ray …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 17–24 Read article
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Design Optimization of C-Band 4-Channel WDM Optical Communication System using EDFA
Abstract: AbstractIn this work, the design and experimental characterization of high performance C band Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) booster which is pumped at 980 nm are presented. The system is simulated using Optisystem software to achieve gain flatness of EDF through optimized fiber length and pumping wavelength. The performance of the system is more efficient at the pumping wavelength of 980 nm than that of 1480 nm for a wide …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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BER Performance of Lognormal Channel Model with Imperfect CSI for Free Space Optical Communication
Abstract: ABSTRACT In this paper, Lognormal Channel model has discussed with the assumption of imperfect CSI. This channel model is used to describe atmospheric channel condition in mathematical form. BER performance of this channel model is shown according to turbulence scenario based on BER equation available. Here Gauss-Markov model is used for the case of imperfect CSI. Keywords-lognormal, Imperfect CSI, Gauss-Markov model, scintillation index,turbulence
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2012 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Results of Thermal and Electric Field Influences on Cholesteric Liquid Crystals and their Application in new Technologies
Abstract: A significant achievement of recent decades is application of cholesteric liquid crystals in modern optical technologies. Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) have unusual, and in some cases unique properties compared to traditional optical materials - the possibility of smooth and local control optical characteristics of the medium: light transmission, light scattering, polarization, refraction, reflection, absorption light, and color parameters. This control can be carried out electrical, light signals, mechanical, thermal, magnetic …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 15–23 Read article