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138 articles for “spectral”
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Validating the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) terrestrial water storage dataset using Terra MODIS NDVI anomaly.
Abstract: The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) is the advance tool for mapping the changes in the gravitation field of the earth. The satellite launches in 2002 and the follow off mission is in 2016. The gravitational changes of the earth are downscaled into the changes in the mass with the different algorithm by three institutions. Further the mass anomaly is converted into the equivalent water thickness of the terrestrial …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 19–28 Read article
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Atmospheric Windows to Study Remote Sensors
Abstract: AbstractAtmospheric windows (AW) are spectral margins to accustom sensing signals developed in platted sensors. Decisive wavelengths have mostly thermal infrared considerate as whelm from synergism forms of basis of matter waves or Plank’s theory perfect black body radiation. Varying merge all intervention alongside to contamination forms in clear sky as whelm forms has derivations for only blacks. Moisture column vertical least has season wise calibrating window error merged code privileges. …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Design and Performance Investigation with Erbium-Ytterbium Co- Doped Fiber Amplifier Link
Abstract: AbstractLight wave propagation through optical fiber suffers from numerous linear and nonlinear effects. To compensate it techniques have been adopted. Amongst optical fiber amplifiers doped with ions are one of the key tools to enhance spectral efficiency further. In this vision, an optical design with EDFA and Erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifier is presented for the single channel. The design’s performance has been investigated for numerous optical parameters for instance …
Published in Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 6–13 Read article
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Interface Engineering of Graphene Multi-Junction InGaP/GaAs/InGaAs/Ge Solar PVC
Abstract: AbstractThe main impediment faced by solar Photo-Voltaic Cell (PVC) is the excitation of charge carriers by high and low energy photons to make them reach the conduction band as this superintends the output device current. To enhance the device current, intermediate engineering of solar PVC is the most prominent strategy. An Inter-Mediate Layer (IML) serves as a spectrally selective layer between the muti-junctions for tandem solar cell. This research work …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Growth, XRD, FTIR and Second Order NLO studies of Undoped and Zinc Sulphate doped L-Histidine Single Crystals
Abstract: AbstractSingle crystals of pure (undoped) L-histidine and Zinc sulphate doped L-histidine have been synthesized and grown by slow evaporation method using water as the solvent. These grown crystals are characterized by FTIR, XRD and SHG. From Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis, the various functional groups present in the sample have been confirmed. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) study ensures that the grown crystal crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and the …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 31–36 Read article
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Modeling and Simulation of ZnO/Si Hetreojunction Photodetector for Optical Communication
Abstract: AbstractIn this work, we present numerical simulation and modeling of ZnO/Si Heterojunction photodetectors. We analyze the performance of ZnO/Si Heterojunction photodetectors using commercial device simulation software ATLAS from Silvaco international. Device structure has been created using ATLAS and its electrical and optical characteristics has been simulated using ATLAS. Main figure of merits like dark current, photocurrent, spectral response and quantum efficiency has been extracted.Keywords: ZnO/Si, Heterojunction Photodetector, Silvaco Deckbuild software, …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 19–27 Read article
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Review of Adaptive Modulation Recognition Techniques
Abstract: ABSTRACT Rising development in software defined radio (SDR) systems has led to rapid development in adaptive modulation recognition (AMR) techniques. Different order modulations combined with different coding schemes allow sending more bits per symbol, thus achieving higher throughputs and better spectral efficiencies by the use of AMR. The aim of this paper is to study various AMR techniques and compare their advantages and disadvantages to find the most efficient and …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2012 · pp. 33–42 Read article
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Investigations on PAPR Reduction using PTS Technique for OFDM Communication Systems
Abstract: AbstractOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a spectral efficient technique for high data rate communication systems. It also provides robustness to multipath frequency selective fading but suffers from high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and causes high power amplifiers to operate in the nonlinear region. In this paper partial transmit sequence (PTS) as PAPR reduction technique has been investigated. Mathematical modelling and Matlab simulation have been carried out to analyse its …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 19–26 Read article
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Performance Analysis of DWT Based OFDM System using SRRC Filter in Mobile Wimax over Fading Environment
Abstract: AbstractWavelets amid its capability to provide simultaneous information in both time and frequency domain, along with minimization of interference and improved bandwidth efficiency, is considered broadly as an efficient approach to replace fast Fourier transform (FFT) in the conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Efficient filter pulses are employed spectrally in such systems in order to mitigate the effect of inter-symbol interference (ISI) as well as satisfy the bandwidth …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Exploiting Phase of Speech Signal for Speaker Recognition
Abstract: Abstract—Performance of speaker recognition system with feature based on temporal phase is presented in this paper. In the state of the art spectral feature, Mel Frequency Cepstal Coefficient (MFCC) only magnitude of the Fourier Transform of speech signal is considered while phase is ignored. The cepstral coefficients extracted from temporal phase (MFTPC) of speech signal are used as features for speaker recognition system. The performance of MFTPC feature is evaluated …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 81–87 Read article
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Comparative Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Intelligent 6G Wireless Networks
Abstract: With exponential increase in the traffic and corresponding bandwidth demand, there is an immediate requirement to serve this traffic through the high-speed wireless communication networks. To fulfil requirements of the next-generation users, it will be mandatory to resort to use of advanced physical layer solutions, spectral bands at higher frequency, and efficient software enabled intelligent algorithms. In this regard, Machine Learning (ML) algorithms will play a key role in ensuring …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Effect of Different Quantities of MnO Nanoparticles on Growth of Ladies Finger Abelmoschus Esculentus
Abstract: The present study deal with the effect of different quantities of Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles on the growth of Ladies finger Abelmoschus esculentus. Manganese oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the co-precipitation method and characterized by using UV-V is spectroscopy, SEM, EDAX, FTIR, and XRD. Pot culture studies on different quantities of manganese oxide nanoparticles such as 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg for treatments T₀ (control) T₁, T₂, T₃, T₄, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 8–15 Read article
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Real-Time Crack Detection in Polymer Composites Using Embedded IoT Sensor Networks
Abstract: This study developed an embedded Internet of Things sensor network for real-time crack detection, localization, and severity assessment in glass–fiber-reinforced polymer composites. Four polyvinylidene fluoride sensors were embedded near the laminate mid-plane and connected to synchronized wireless acquisition nodes. Controlled low-velocity impacts generated graded damage states. Ultrasonic C-scan and optical microscopy provided independent labels. A compact multi-channel convolutional model processed normalized waveforms, spectral entropy, signal energy, and arrival-time differences at …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 866–899 Read article
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Thermo-Structural Machine Learning Framework for Malicious Sample Detection and Validation in Polymer Composite Materials
Abstract: The increased use of polymer composites in aerospace, automotive, biomedical and industrial applications has increased the urgency of developing dependable methods to detect malicious samples with counterfeited resins, unauthorized additives, recycled components, hidden flaws, or purposefully degraded physical properties. Most current machine learning techniques have focused either on isolated spectral analysis or detecting flaws in materials; as such, they are unable to perform joint verification of both chemical authenticity and …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Binary GA for Sidelobe Reduction and Null Steering in 5G Array
Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive performance evaluation of a Binary Genetic Algorithm (BGA) for optimizing radiation characteristics of an active phased array antenna used in fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication systems. The primary objective is to achieve effective null steering while maintaining the desired main beam direction and simultaneously reducing the side lobe level (SLL). These improvements are essential for minimizing co-channel interference, enhancing spatial selectivity, and improving the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio …
Published in International Journal of Radio Frequency Innovations · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Trauma of Survival and the Politics of Memory in Emile Habiby's The Secret Life of Saeed: The Pessoptimist
Abstract: Emile Habiby’s the Secret Life of Saeed: The Pessoptimist (1974) presents one of the most innovative and politically complex literary responses to the Palestinian Nakba and its enduring consequences. Through a distinctive fusion of satire, irony, absurdity, political allegory, and fragmented narration, Habiby departs from conventional representations of trauma and resistance. Rather than portraying Palestinian survival as a heroic or triumphant process of recovery, the novel presents survival as an …
Published in Emerging Trends in Languages · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 34–47 Read article
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Systematic Hydroponic Review and Cultivation Strategies for Bacopa Monnieri
Abstract: Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. (Brahmi; Plantaginaceae) is a medicinally important herb whose nootropic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties derive largely from a group of triterpenoid saponins known as bacosides. Rising global demand for such compounds has made reliable, high-yield production a research priority and has prompted a search for cultivation systems superior to conventional field cultivation. This review compares field cultivation, in vitro micropropagation, bioreactor culture, hydroponics and elicitation for their …
Published in International Journal of Trends in Horticulture · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 23–28 Read article
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A IoT-Enabled Predictive Intelligence for Real-Time Failure and Damage Evolution Monitoring of Polymer Composites
Abstract: Damage assessment of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer composites is still challenging since the damage occurs as a combination of matrix cracking, interfacial debonding, delamination and fibre fracture. The present work proposes a framework for predictive-intelligence based on IoT for multiaxial fatigue and compression-after-impact (CAI) CFRP experiments, employing publicly available acoustic-emission (AE) datasets. A causal CNN–GRU attention model is developed by integrating time-domain, spectral, wavelet, loading-history and trend features to estimate the damage …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 Read article