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144 articles for “environmental toxicity”
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Beryllium Mineralogy and Its Strategic Applications in Modern Industries
Abstract: Beryllium, a rare lithophile element, exhibits unique physical and chemical properties that make it indispensable in various high-technology industries, including aerospace, nuclear energy, defense, and telecommunications. This review explores the mineralogy, extraction, applications, and resource distribution of beryllium, highlighting the metallurgical and industrial significance of its primary minerals, beryl and bertrandite. Despite being one of the lightest metals, beryllium boasts high strength, heat resistance, and conductivity, properties that support its …
Published in International Journal of Minerals · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 28–33 Read article
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Machine-Learning-Assisted Development of Polymer-Biochar Composite Adsorbents for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Gomti River Water
Abstract: Rapid urbanization, industrial discharge, and agricultural runoff pose a significant threat to freshwater sustainability and public health. Within these ecosystems, polymer pollutants—such as microplastics, nanoplastics, synthetic fibres, and additive residues—have emerged as persistent vectors capable of adsorbing and transporting toxic heavy metals. Because these polymeric contaminants dynamically interact with conventional aquatic parameters to alter pollutant mobility and ecological risk profiles, there is an urgent need to transition from passive environmental …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 72–95 Read article
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Impact of Hexavalent Chromium on Histopathology in Freshwater Stinging Catfish Heteropneustes Fossilis
Abstract: Acute toxicity of Cr (VI) (as K2Cr2O7) to freshwater stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis and its histopathological impacts on gill and liver tissue were evaluated. Fish showed behavioral alterations after K2Cr2O7 exposure and 96 h-LC50 was 35.724 mg/L in static bioassay. Fish were exposed to three sub-lethal concentrations (concentration I=1/4th of 96 h-LC50, concentration II=1/10th of 96 h-LC50 and concentration III=environmental concentration of Cr reported in the river Buriganga). Blood, liver …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2013 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Utilization of Banana Peel Biopolymer as a Natural Coagulant for Wastewater Treatment: A Sustainable Approach to Bio-Composite Applications
Abstract: This study explores an eco-innovative approach to wastewater treatment by utilizing banana peel powder (BPP) as a sustainable, low-cost bio-coagulant. Although effective, conventional chemical coagulants like aluminum sulfate and synthetic polymers are often non-biodegradable, toxic, and economically burdensome, particularly in decentralized or low-resource settings. In contrast, BPP—an agro-waste material rich in bioactive functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and phenolic compounds—provides a renewable and environmentally friendly alternative. To enhance its …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 4, 2025 · pp. 106–115 Read article
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Graphene for Next Generation Green Electronics-A Sustainable Future
Abstract: The amount of e-waste or electronic waste is increasing worldwide due to the rapid development of the electronics industry and the profound usage of electronic products although it has enormous detrimental effects on the environment and humans. It has become an evolving problem due to a lack of knowledge and infrastructure for e-waste disposal and recovery. Researchers around the world are in search of environment-friendly, sustainable ‘green electronic’ material which …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 35–41 Read article
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Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Hepatotoxicity and Treatment - A Literature Review
Abstract: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major clinical and regulatory challenge, posing risks to patient safety and drug development worldwide. As the primary organ responsible for xenobiotic metabolism, the liver is particularly susceptible to toxic injury from prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, herbal products, and dietary supplements. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) accounts for a substantial proportion of acute liver failure cases and remains a leading cause of post-marketing drug withdrawal. Its …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–17 Read article
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Review on Functional and Histological Effect of Lead on the Central Nervous System
Abstract: Environmental and occupational exposure to a large number of chemicals occurs at various stages throughout human life. The nervous system is the organ that appears to be the most sensitive and chief target for lead-induced toxicity in comparison to other organs. Lead is also found in lead-glazed ceramics, and food is eaten or stored in containers painted with lead-based paint or lead-containing glaze may contain significant amounts of lead. Lead …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 29–33 Read article
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Advances in Biopolymer Based Nanocomposite Materials for Food Packaging Applications
Abstract: This Article provides an in-depth exploration of the recent innovations in biopolymer-based food packaging, highlighting natural materials like starches and proteins, as well as synthetic biopolymers such as polylactic acid (PLA). With the escalating global concerns about environmental degradation and the detrimental effects of plastic waste, there has been a growing emphasis on finding eco-friendly, biodegradable substitutes to reduce plastic pollution and dependence on fossil fuels. Among the biopolymer alternatives, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 390–404 Read article
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Determination of Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Soil using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gazipur District, Bangladesh
Abstract: This study was undertaken to determine the presence of pesticide residues in some agricultural soils of Gazipur district in Bangladesh. The collected soil samples were analyzed for some selected pesticides such as DDT, methoxychlor, acephate, fenthion, fenitrothion, parathion, ethion, carbaryl, carbofuran and cypermethrin by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with PDA detector. The results showed that none of the soil samples were contaminated with organochlorine and pyrithrium pesticides. Soil …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Impact of Marine Pollution Threats and Conservation of Marine Biodiversity
Abstract: Ocean occupies 71% of earth’s surface and is traditionally divided into four large basins including North and South Atlantic, North and South Pacific, Arctic and Indian oceans. In India we have a vast coastal area of 7516.6 km from Kolkata to Gujarat and also many islands including Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep with vast fin and shellfish biodiversity. Human interference and both natural and artificial factors pose the biggest threat …
Published in International Journal of Marine Life · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 20–24 Read article
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Veterinary Mycology: Fungal Infections in Livestock and Companion Animals
Abstract: Fungal infections represent a significant yet often underestimated challenge in veterinary medicine, affecting both livestock and companion animals. Veterinary mycology encompasses a diverse group of pathogens, including yeasts, molds, dimorphic fungi, and dermatophytes, that can cause localized or systemic diseases with substantial health, economic, and zoonotic implications. In livestock species, such as cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, pigs, horses, and camels, fungal infections manifest as dermatophytosis, mycotic mastitis, aspergillosis, keratomycosis, and …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 44–51 Read article
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Adverse Effects of Oil Spills on Human and Marine Life and Causing Deterioration to Ecological Balance
Abstract: Petroleum based products are vital to human existence as water, and serves as the basic wall of defense for the future generation. Oil spills have become a global problem in developed and industrialized countries. Accidental spills and leaks damage the highly complex marine ecosystem resulting in some significantly environmental disasters. Short and long-term effects of oil spill on marine environment generate a widespread public concern with an enormous pressure on …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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A Review on Banana Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites through Advanced Surface Treatments and Manufacturing Techniques
Abstract: In today's rapidly evolving world, heightened environmental concerns and stringent government regulations have spurred scientists and researchers to seek biodegradable and renewable alternatives to synthetic materials. Natural fibers, derived from resources like banana, jute, bagasse, and sisal, offer distinct advantages such as low density, comparable strength, non-toxicity, cost-effectiveness, and minimal waste disposal issues over synthetic counterparts. Extensive research has explored the potential applications of these natural fibers, with banana fibers …
Published in Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 Read article
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A Futuristics Pyrolysis Technique: Conversion of Waste Plastic Polybags Into Fuel
Abstract: Plastics are high molecular weight materials composed of repeating polymer units and can be classified based on factors like chemical composition, structure, stiffness, application types, and processing methods. A key environmental issue with plastics is their non-biodegradability, causing them to persist in the environment. Pre-consumer plastic waste includes manufacturing defects, rejected items, and excess materials produced during virgin plastic manufacturing. In India, around 15,342 tons of plastic waste are collected …
Published in International Journal of Advance in Molecular Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Knowledge and Implementation of Infection Control Measures Among Nurses Caring for Patients with Chemical Gas Exposure
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge and the extent of implementation of infection control measures among nurses caring for patients exposed to chemical gases. A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted, and a sample of staff nurses working in clinical settings with potential chemical exposure roles was selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire assessing knowledge of chemical inhalation hazards and …
Published in International Journal of Emergency and Trauma Nursing and Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 56–60 Read article
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Toxic Trails: Land Degradation Induced By Pollutants
Abstract: Land degradation, driven by various pollutants, poses a significant threat to global ecosystems, agriculture, and human well-being. This review article explores the mechanisms through which pollutants, including heavy metals, pesticides, industrial chemicals, and urban waste, contribute to soil erosion, salinization, acidification, and loss of soil biodiversity. The article presents detailed case studies from regions such as China, India, Nigeria, the United States, Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Australia, highlighting the diverse …
Published in International Journal of Land · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 37–45 Read article
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From Space to Sea: Leveraging Satellite Technology for Monitoring Marine Debris
Abstract: Marine trash endangers ecosystems, so efficient detection is critical. This article describes a novel strategy for improving detection accuracy by integrating YOLOv7 instance segmentation with attention processes. Three models are evaluated: lightweight coordinate attention, the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) for spatial-channel focus, and the bottle neck transformer, which relies on self-attention. On an annotated satellite image dataset, CBAM has the greatest F1 scores in box recognition (77%) and mask …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Determination and Study of The Effect of High Concentrations from Heavy Metals in Environmental Samples
Abstract: This study focused on determining the concentrations of heavy metal ions to assess the environmental pollution levels of five T stations. Based on this, five samples were collected from different environments in Najaf Governorate, and the levels of heavy metal pollution were compared with the permissible values set by the World Health Organization. The research study concerned measurements of the increase and decrease in the concentration of elements and minerals …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 77–84 Read article
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Estimation and Study of Contamination by Elements (Ni, Cu, Mg, Sn) in Dust of Areas near Fuel Stations in Najaf Governorate
Abstract: The research focused on studying and determining the levels of pollution in dust collected from various stations in the city of Najaf near fuel situations represented by four Fuel Situations (Soor Alnajaf Situation, Reebal Situation, Alkarar Situation, Alqudus Situation ), for this we selected 4 situations for current study, to determine the levels of pollution and compare them with the internationally permitted levels of elements (nickel, copper, and magnesium). Air …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 6–14 Read article
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Green Chemistry Techniques used in The synthesis of Organic and Biochemical Compounds
Abstract: Green chemistry is closely related to “the design of chemical products and processes that specifically eliminate the use or generation of substances that are hazardous to humans, animals, plants, and the environment.” Green chemistry contains 12 principles that guide how a chemical is produced and used in a green and sustainable way, reducing pollution. Sustainable chemistry is a scientific concept that seeks to improve the efficiency with which natural resources …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 01–9 Read article