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266 articles for “co-morbidity”
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SGLT2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease: Expanding Therapeutic Horizons beyond Glycemic Control
Abstract: Heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are closely related clinical diseases that significantly increase morbidity and death worldwide. The co-occurrence of both conditions is frequently referred to as the "cardio-renal syndrome," in which the failure of one organ hastens the decline of the other. The original purpose of sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors was to treat type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) by reducing blood sugar levels. Nevertheless, new data …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Contribution of Dalak (Massage) in the Treatment of Waja-uz-Zohar (Back Pain): A Review
Abstract: Classical Unani literature presents a detailed understanding of Waja-ul-Mafasil (diseases of bones and joints) among which Waja-uz-Zohar (low back pain) has received extensive attention. Distinguished Unani physicians meticulously described its etiology, clinical features, complications, and treatment modalities. According to Unani theory Waja-uz-Zohar is defined as pain originating from the muscles, ligaments, and connective tissues surrounding the lumbar and lumbosacral regions. Prominent scholars, such as Ibn Sina and Zakariya Razi, attributed …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Role of Radiation Therapy in the Management of Mycosis Fungoides
Abstract: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) consists of spectrum of diseases of which Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary's syndrome are most common. Mycosis Fungoides (MF) is a low-grade, chronic lymphoproliferative disorder affecting skin caused by abnormal proliferation of CD4 + T-cells. The incidence of MF is showing an increasing trend all over the world. Also, it is seen twice as often in males as in females (2:1) and mostly it occurs after fourth …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2012 · pp. 6–15 Read article
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Cardiac Structural and Functional Changes in Anaemia: A 2D Echocardiographic Study in an Indian Population
Abstract: Anemia is a widespread global health concern, particularly prevalent in developing countries, like India, where it contributes significantly to cardiovascular morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate cardiac structural and functional changes in anaemic patients using 2D echocardiography and to assess correlations between haemoglobin levels and echocardiographic parameters. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 125 anaemic patients (defined as haemoglobin <13 g/dL in males and <12 g/dL in females) at …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 39–44 Read article
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Review of Atorvastatin As A Potent Drug For Cardio-Vascular Disease(CVD)
Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly atherosclerosis, remains the leading cause of death worldwide, significantly burdening public health, especially in Western societies. Metabolic syndrome and arrhythmic complications further exacerbate cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Among restorative specialists, statins particularly atorvastatin have gotten to central in both the essential and auxiliary anticipation of coronary heart infection (CHD) due to their strong lipid-lowering properties and additional pleiotropic impacts. Atorvastatin, a selective HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, not …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 8–18 Read article
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Seroprevalence of Dengue Viral Infection in Patients Attending To a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kota, South–East Rajasthan, India
Abstract: Background: Dengue virus (DENV) is the most important cause of mosquito-borne viral disease in humans world-wide. Dengue fever is caused by four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV)-DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4 .Infections is transmitted mainly by Aedes aegypti. In India, a dengue virus infection has been frequently encountered in epidemic proportions in several states. Objectives: This study was conducted to report the seroprevalence of Dengue virus infection in South-East Rajasthan. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 Read article
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Interplay of Thyroid Dynamics in Type 2 Diabetes: A Comprehensive Analytical Study at Government Medical College, Kota, and Affiliated Hospitals
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent endocrine metabolic condition that causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. Innumerable metabolic processes within our bodies depend on thyroid hormones. Excess or deficiency in insulin or thyroid hormones might cause functional problems. The intricate relationship between thyroid disorders and diabetes has been recognized for a considerable period. Patients with diabetes have been known to experience thyroid malfunction, the most prevalent kind of which is hypothyroidism. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 6–11 Read article
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A Correlational Analytical Study on Smartphone Usage, Physical Activity & Sleep Quality Among Health Science Students
Abstract: Physical activity refers to any bodily movement generated by skeletal muscles that results in the use of energy. It is considered risk factor for various cardiovascular disease leading to higher mortality and morbidity. Sleep is naturally occurring condition marked by a change in consciousness, a significant reduction in sensory activity and the suppression of most voluntary movements. Technological advancements over the past two decades have resulted in rise in smartphone …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Bioinformatics · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 22–32 Read article
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Histopathological Findings of Endometrium and its clinico-pathological co-relation
Abstract: Background: Endometrial diseases are ranked among the most common gynecological disorders that affect women globally. These diseases cut across all age groups and contribute significantly to increased morbidity and mortality. Aim: To establish a database with respect to histopathological patterns and frequencies of endometrial diseases in women of various age groups. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a Tertiary care Hospital in Sangli (Maharashtra) for a period …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 33–38 Read article
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Seroprevalence with Clinical Manifestations and Laboratory Profiles of Scrub Typhus Infection in Patients Attending to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kota, South-East Rajasthan, India
Abstract: Background: Scrub typhus, a zoonotic rickettsial illness, is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium. It is transmitted by the bite of larval (chiggers) trombiculid mites.Owing to frequent outbreaks witnessed in different parts of the country in the recent past, scrub typhus is being described as a re-emerging infectious disease in India. Overall mortality varies from 7 to 30%. Objectives: The objective of the present study was to …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 Read article
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The Dual Crisis: Antibiotic Resistance and the Discovery Void – A Review of Novel Therapeutic Strategies and Non-Traditional Approaches
Abstract: The global rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as one of the most critical public health challenges of the 21st century, threatening to undermine decades of therapeutic success and rendering conventional antibiotic regimens increasingly ineffective. Parallel to the escalating resistance rates is a profound “discovery void,” characterised by a steep decline in the development of new antibiotic classes since the late 20th century. Together, these two interconnected crises create …
Published in International Journal of Antibiotics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 47–65 Read article
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Nanotechnology in Surgical Drains: Reducing Infections and Promoting Healing Post-Surgery
Abstract: Surgical drains are widely used in postoperative care to evacuate accumulated fluids, minimize dead space, and reduce complications such as hematoma and seroma formation. Despite their clinical importance, conventional drains are frequently associated with retrograde bacterial migration, biofilm formation, and increased risk of surgical site infections (SSIs), which contribute significantly to postoperative morbidity and prolonged hospital stay. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the development of nano-functionalized surgical drains with …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 54–67 Read article
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An experimental study to assess the efficacy of VAT on knowledge of Breast Cancer and practice of BSE among women in Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh
Abstract: Introduction: Breast cancer is more common in developing and industrialized nations alike, including India. Every year, more than a million cases of breast cancer are diagnosed worldwide. Insufficient awareness on breast cancer has been shown to be a significant contributing cause to the high rates of morbidity and death among women by refraining them from going to screening facilities, participating in BSE, and delaying treatment. Breast Cancers are second most …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 38–42 Read article
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Breast Cancer at Community Level in Bangladesh
Abstract: Background: Breast cancer is an issue of gaining concern in Bangladesh that causes high mortality and morbidity. Lack of screening and surveillance programme contributes to this. Almost no baseline data were found in this issue, though Government of Bangladesh launched a breast cancer surveillance programme based on clinical breast examination (CBE). This research was an effort to produce some baseline data to strengthen the programme of Government of Bangladesh. Methods: …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 4–7 Read article
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A Comparative Study to Assess the Fetal Outcome Among Normal and Anemic Mothers at Sultania Zanana Hospital at Bhopal
Abstract: Anemia during pregnancy is a significant public health concern, especially in developing countries like India. It is a clinical condition characterized by a deficiency in hemoglobin levels, often due to inadequate intake of essential nutrients such as iron, folic acid, and vitamins. The World Health Organization classifies anemia during pregnancy as having hemoglobin levels under 11 g/dL, with specific thresholds varying by trimester. Maternal anemia not only affects the mother's …
Published in International Journal of Midwifery Nursing And Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 41–74 Read article
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Dystocia in Dairy Cattle: Causes, Consequences, and Preventive Measures for Improved Reproductive Health and Productivity
Abstract: Dystocia, or calving difficulty, is a significant reproductive challenge in dairy cattle, with far-reaching impacts on animal health, productivity, and farm economics. This review paper comprehensively explores the primary causes, consequences, and effective preventive measures associated with dystocia in dairy cows. Dystocia arises from a complex interplay of genetic, physiological, environmental, and management-related factors, including breed predisposition, maternal and fetal size, pelvic structure, and gestational nutrition. The consequences of dystocia …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 14–33 Read article
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Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health
Abstract: Antibiotics, among the most significant discoveries of the 20th century, have prevented infectious diseases from claiming millions of lives. However, their widespread use and misuse have created strong selection pressure, enabling microbes to develop antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to many drugs. Over time, AMR has spread primarily through human-to-human contact, both within healthcare settings and in the community. It is driven by a complex interplay of healthcare and agricultural factors, including …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 13–26 Read article
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Clinical Practice: The Differential Diagnosis of Dental Pain
Abstract: In clinical dental practice, patients often present with pain in the oral cavity. While some oral pain may be generalized in nature, the clinician has to consider other factors that involve pain and discomfort. Many symptomatic teeth do not need endodontic treatment – on the contrary, they have undiagnosed occlusal problems, caries, fractures or referred pain. For the teeth needing endodontic treatment, this paper provides several modes of diagnostic methodology. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 18–23 Read article
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Thrombocytopenia as an Indicator of Malaria
Abstract: Malaria remains today one of the major health problems in most parts of India with increased morbidity and mortality.Low platelet count is regularly related to malaria and has been describing by numerous workers. Thrombocytopenia is a routine characteristic of severe malaria and happens in both P. falciparum and P. vivax disease regardless of the acuteness of infection. The study was conducted in the population of Nadiyad city, and district Kheda …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–3 Read article
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Diagnostic and Treatment Factors in the Relationship of Co-occurring Bipolar Disorder and Diabetes
Abstract: From an epidemiological standpoint, bipolar disorder and diabetes (Type II diabetes mellitus) exhibits high prevalence and universal distribution, found in men and women of all ages, races, ethnicities, cultures, and socioeconomic groups. Bipolar disorder and diabetes often present as co-occurring medical conditions along with characteristic metabolic, neurochemical, and neuroanatomical changes. The co-occurring conditions are associated with the increased morbidity, chronicity, lower treatment response, and premature mortality. Risk factors for these …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 24–30 Read article