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1653 articles for “rats”
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Safe Routes to School: Best Practice and their Applicability to Urban Context
Abstract: Safe routes to school (SRTS) programs aim to encourage active transportation for children through enhanced safety, accessibility, and infrastructure within the areas surrounding schools. SRTS has become increasingly popular worldwide as a method of promoting public health, decreasing traffic, and promoting community cohesion. Yet bringing SRTS to urban environments comes with special challenges. Urban locations often have high traffic volumes, inadequate pedestrian facilities, socioeconomic inequities, and variable policy backing that …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–35 Read article
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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Breast Cancer and Its Prevention Among Adolescent School-Going Girls
Abstract: Introduction: Breast cancer claims the lives of over 500,000 women globally each year. In low-resource settings, most women are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease, resulting in low 5-year survival rates, typically ranging between 10 and 40%. However, in regions where early detection and basic treatment are both available and accessible, the 5-year survival rate for early-stage localized breast cancer can exceed 80%. Objectives of the Study: The …
Published in International Journal of Community Health Nursing And Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Persistent Atmospheric and Ecosystem Impacts of Enteric Methane Emissions from Intensive Livestock Production Systems
Abstract: Enteric methane emissions from intensive livestock production systems exert a significant long-lasting influence on atmospheric stability and ecosystem integrity. Recent observations confirm that global methane emissions continued to rise through the early 2020s, with total emissions exceeding 620 teragrams per year by 2024, driven by expanding ruminant production and associated feed systems. Anthropogenic sources accounted for more than 330 teragrams per year, reflecting sustained growth in agricultural and fossil fuel …
Published in International Journal of Atmosphere · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 18–38 Read article
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Rising Temperatures and Surface Mass Loss in Greenland: Implications for Regional Glacier Dynamics and Global Sea Level Rise
Abstract: In Greenland, the ice sheet serves as one of the strongest indicators of global climate change, with consistently rising temperatures driving it toward an even more negative mass balance. Over the last two decades, warmer conditions have exacerbated surface melting, darkened ice, and resulted in feedback stimulating further loss. This study assesses how those temperature trends—particularly during summer peak months—have impacted the stability of Greenland's ice, and then, more importantly, …
Published in Journal of Offshore Structure and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 15–22 Read article
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Speech and Swallowing Impairments in Herpes Zoster: A Case Report
Abstract: Herpes zoster (HZ), caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus, can extend beyond dermatological manifestations to involve cranial nerves, resulting in complex speech and swallowing deficits. This case report presents a 54-year-old male with herpes zoster–related cranial neuropathy, who developed unilateral vocal fold paralysis, dysphonia, and dysphagia. Comprehensive assessment included perceptual, acoustic, endoscopic, and patient-reported outcome measures. Perceptual voice evaluation revealed severe dysphonia with breathiness, asthenia, strain, and reduced loudness, confirmed …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 Read article
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Optimization of EDM Machining Characteristics of Reinforced Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites by Taguchi
Abstract: Aluminium alloys metal matrix composites (AMMC) play a vital role in various industries, such as aerospace and automobiles. This study investigates the machining characteristics of AL8079 - based composites reinforced with 15 wt. % TiB₂ and 5 wt. % MoS₂ using Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM). The machining process was optimized using the L9 orthogonal array (OA) Taguchi - based design of experiments, and input parameters were considered at three levels, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 939–951 Read article
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Influence of Mechanical Parameters on Corrosion Behavior of Metal Coupons in Simulated Environmental Conditions
Abstract: This study investigates the influence of mechanical parameters—namely applied stress, surface roughness, and deformation history—on the corrosion behavior of metal coupons exposed to corrosive environments. Mild steel and aluminum alloy specimens were prepared with controlled variations in tensile stress, polishing grades, and cold-working levels to simulate real-world mechanical influences. These coupons were immersed in a 3.5% NaCl solution under ambient conditions, and their corrosion rates were monitored over a 30-day …
Published in International Journal of Fracture Mechanics and Damage Science · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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Phase – Field Modeling of Brittle and Ductile Fracture Under Complex Loading Conditions
Abstract: Phase-field modeling has emerged as a powerful computational framework for predicting fracture behavior in engineering materials, offering a unified description of crack initiation, propagation, branching, and coalescence without the need for explicit crack tracking. This study presents an in-depth examination of phase-field modeling applied to both brittle and ductile fracture under complex loading conditions, including multiaxial stress states, cyclic loading, thermal gradients, and dynamic impact. The phase-field approach regularizes the …
Published in International Journal of Fracture Mechanics and Damage Science · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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The Impact of Bacteria and Biostimulants on Crude Oil Breakdown in Loamy Soil
Abstract: This study investigates the influence of bacteria and biostimulants—specifically Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves soaked in both water and ethanol—on the degradation of crude oil in loamy soil. A laboratory-scale bioremediation setup was employed using a batch reactor model and first-order degradation kinetics to assess total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) breakdown under controlled conditions. Various analytical tools and procedures, including gas chromatography (Agilent 6890) and microbial media such as nutrient agar and mineral …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 15–22 Read article
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A Review of Literature on Breast Cancer: Molecular Insights, Clinical Approaches, and Future Perspectives
Abstract: Breast cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women globally. Although both men and women can get the condition, women are more likely to get it, and its prevalence has been rising globally in recent years. The epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment options, and survival rates of breast cancer are all examined in this review of recent research. Breast cancer can show up as a lump …
Published in International Journal of Oncological Nursing and Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 15–20 Read article
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Cybersecurity in Web Automation: A Machine Learning Approach to Lightweight Intrusion Detection
Abstract: Launch-Attack is a lightweight and practical threat-detection framework designed specifically for smaller web-automation environments, including setups that rely on tools such as Selenium. Rather than aiming to replace large enterprise-grade security platforms, the framework focuses on offering an accessible option for developers, testers, and researchers who need real-time monitoring without the heavy resource demands of traditional systems. The model relies on machine-learning techniques implemented through Scikit-learn, enabling it to detect …
Published in Journal of Web Engineering & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 34–40 Read article
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A Systematic Review on The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Assisted Reproductive Technology
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) over the past five years, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, treatment personalization, and overall success rates. AI-driven algorithms and machine learning models have been integrated into various aspects of ART, including sperm selection, embryo grading, and predicting implantation success. Deep learning techniques have improved image-based embryo assessment, reduced human subjectivity and increased efficiency. Additionally, AI-powered predictive analytics have helped optimize ovarian stimulation …
Published in International Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Styrene, Carbonate Materials to Minimize Aberration in Free Space Optical Communications
Abstract: Enhancing wireless connectivity, particularly in harsh weather circumstances, is possible through the use of polymer-based materials in Free Space Optical (FSO) communication systems. In the production of optical components like lenses, beam shapers, and protective enclosures for FSO transmitters and receivers, polymers are being used more and more because of their lightweight, affordable, and adjustable optical qualities. This study examines how well a polymer-integrated FSO link performs over 1–10 km …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 675–686 Read article
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Comparative Study on Oro Dispersible Tablets of Candesartan Cilexetil Formulated with Natural and Synthetic Disintegrants
Abstract: Candesartan cilexetil, a BCS class II drug with low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability (15%), poses challenges for oral delivery. To address this limitation, the present study focuses on polymer-based inclusion complexation and composite formulation strategies to enhance solubility and dissolution behavior. The drug was incorporated into β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), a cyclic oligosaccharide polymer, by the kneading method in different drug-to-carrier ratios. Among these, the 1:1 molar ratio complex exhibited the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 687–695 Read article
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Magnetic Metal–Polymer Composites with Ferromagnetic Particle Networks for EMI Shielding in Flexible Electronics
Abstract: The rapid expansion of flexible and wearable electronic systems has intensified the demand for lightweight, mechanically compliant materials capable of effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. In this study, magnetic metal–polymer composites with magnetically aligned ferromagnetic particle networks were developed and systematically investigated for EMI shielding in flexible electronics. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was employed as an elastomeric polymer matrix due to its excellent flexibility, dielectric characteristics, and compatibility with particulate fillers. …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–39 Read article
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Bayesian Optimization–Driven Operating Parameter Tuning for Maximizing Methane Yield in Anaerobic Digestion
Abstract: To achieve maximum methane production in an anaerobic digestion (AD) process, a combination of various operational parameters must be tuned nonlinearly in the digestion ecosystem. The conventional trial and error optimization methods are slow, resource consuming, and in most instances, cannot model the intricate parameter interaction in biogas production. The current work introduces a Bayesian Optimization-based model to optimize the set of conditions to maximize the level of methane produced …
Published in International Journal of Energy and Thermal Applications · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Experimental Validation and Implementation Framework for Optimized Methane Yield Prediction in Anaerobic Digestion
Abstract: The correct validation and realistic application of optimized anaerobic digestion (AD) models are essential steps in transferring biogas production systems to real-life. This paper outlines an experimental validation and deployment pipeline of an AI-optimized model of the methane yield prediction model based on the application of more advanced machine learning and Bayesian optimization methods. Others The validated surrogate-assisted optimization model was tested with controlled laboratory-scale AD experiments at optimized operating …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Noise and Pollution Control · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–32 Read article
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Optimization of Sustainable Electrochemical Machining Parameters for Polymer based Materials Using AHP Integrated TOPSIS Method
Abstract: The current paper describes the use of the AHP-TOPSIS method to optimize process parameters in sustainable electrochemical machining of polymer composites. Combine lightweight polymer matrices with reinforcing particles or fibers such as TiB₂, SiC, or Al₂O₃, offering high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and design flexibility, making them ideal for aerospace and automotive applications. Non-conductive and heterogeneous nature poses challenges during electrochemical machining, as it affects current distribution and material removal …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1048–1059 Read article
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Electromagnetic and Dielectric Performance of Polymer–Ceramic Composite Substrates for Fractal-Based IoT-Antenna Fabrication
Abstract: Polymer–ceramic composite substrates play a crucial role in determining the electromagnetic performance, mechanical stability, and thermal reliability of radio-frequency devices. In this work, a polymer-based composite substrate is systematically investigated for its suitability in compact IoT and RFID antenna applications. A fractal-structured antenna is employed as a functional test platform to evaluate the dielectric behavior, impedance characteristics, and radiation efficiency of the composite substrate. Novelty of the proposed reader antenna …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1518–1534 Read article
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Bioinspired Nanocomposite Bone Pins: Fabrication, Evaluation, and Suitability for Orthopedic Implant Applications
Abstract: Bone tissue engineering (BTE) requires scaffolds that mimic bone’s mineral–organic composition, offering mechanical strength, bioactivity, and degradation rates compatible with regeneration. Conventional metallic implants face corrosion and toxic ion release risks, while ceramics like hydroxyapatite (HAp) are bioactive but brittle. This study reports a multifunctional hybrid scaffold combining HAp for osteoconductivity; polycaprolactone (PCL) and collagen for flexibility and biocompatibility with sodium citrate for nanoparticle dispersion, ferrocene (Fc) for catalytic bioactivity; …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 526–540 Read article