Search
644 articles for “Oxide”
-
Analysis and Characterization of Circuits for Leakage Power Reduction at Sub-50 nm in CMOS Circuits
Abstract: This paper analyzes various techniques to decrease leakage power in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) very large scale integration (VLSI) circuits, because due to continuous scaling of CMOS technology there is improvement in speed of semiconductor devices and the side effect of this scaling is leakage power. With the development of technology in CMOS VLSI Circuit, length of transistors has been reduced and speed of operation is increasing simultaneously. As …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 11–22 Read article
-
Conducting Polymer Based Sensors for Detection and Estimation of CO2
Abstract: AbstractCO2 is a greenhouse gas causing global warming, therefore, its detection and estimation by some smart sensors are extremely important. This review paper made an attempt to present current state of affairs on development of conducting polymer based smart sensors for detection and estimation of CO2. This is followed by a discussion on merits and demerits of spectroscopic techniques for sensing CO2. Applications of conducting polymer particularly, poly aniline (PANI), …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 1–7 Read article
-
Aerosol to Suggest Climate Delineation
Abstract: Marine aerosol of submicron sized biogenic originated organic fraction is subtending persistently constitutively compared to drastic variation based on volcanic eruptions. Sulphur is studied to form acid aerosol where the basic constituent in the stratosphere is reduced comparatively. High concentrations of organic fraction have been found from aerosol in marine boundary layer (MBL). Marine aerosol chemical composition has been influenced by the yearly biological cycle of the ocean, and so …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 51–58 Read article
-
Identification of Groundwater Arsenic Contaminated Vulnerability Zones in Alluvial Tract of West Bengal, India
Abstract: Underground water is regarded to be free from all types of pollutants hence it is considered to be safefor drinking. Consequentially, it is a predominant source of drinking water in several parts of the worldparticularly in the developing countries. Regrettably, empirical studies have also been conducted inother parts of the World and it is found that in twenty countries the subsurface water is contaminatedwith arsenic. Serious arsenic contamination is reported …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 15–26 Read article
-
Use of Advanced (i.e., Membrane) Technology for the Wastewater Treatment of Coke Ovens
Abstract: Coke plants produce gas, and coke for metallurgical purposes and also supply the raw materials for the manufacture of dyes, drugs, and high explosives. Naturally found coal is converted into coke in coke ovens. A large quantity of water is used for quenching hot coke and for washing gas. After quenching the wastewater contains high-suspended solids, high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (600–1300 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (1500–3000mg/L), phenols(500–650 mg/L), …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 114–126 Read article
-
Geochemistry and Clay Mineralogy of Weathering and Soil Profiles, Malappuram District, Northern Kerala, India: Its Implications on Paleoclimate
Abstract: The present investigation chiefly concerns with the geochemical and clay mineralogical studies on two weathering and soil profiles at Pathirappadam and Ernadampadam in Nilambur valley, Malappuram district, Kerala. We attempt to understand the mobility of elements, weathering paths, and the common weathering products of gneissic rocks weathering on the western flanks of the Western Ghats. Our results indicate the depletion of Na, K, Ca, Mg and enrichment of Al and …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–13 Read article
-
Removal of Toxic Metals from Industrial Wastewater by using Natural Adsorbent
Abstract: Heavy metal pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problem nowadays. Numerous investigation have been conducted for removing heavy metals by utilizing agricultural waste which have caught more attraction for its advantages and removal efficiency. Treatment process for removal of toxic metals include Bioadsorption, Precipitation, Ion Exchange, Reverse osmosis, Electrochemical treatment, Membrane Filtration, Evaporation, Flotation, Oxidation. Instead of using commercial materials, we have worked on inexpensive materials such …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 35–40 Read article
-
Minimization of Effluent Produced by Electrical Industry
Abstract: There are two fundamental reasons of effluent viz. prevention pollution and thereby protecting the environmental and protecting the public health by safe guarding waste supplies and preventing the spread of water borne diseases. When untreated industrial waste water is discharge it will contaminate the natural water body i.e., river, lake with hazardous chemicals. It is absolutely necessary to study the characteristic of industrial waste water, to ensure its safe disposal. …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 15–21 Read article
-
Review on Main Equations for Measuring Spray Properties in Centrifugal Injectors
Abstract: The method of fuel injection has a significant effect on the stability and proper mixing of fuel and oxidizer, which is done by the injector. In other words, the injector is a device that converts fluid into droplets. The faster and better the particle crushing rate, the faster the fluid particles will evaporate, resulting in higher thermal efficiency and higher thrust force. Therefore, how to inject fuel into the combustion …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 17–23 Read article
-
Swing Restored Low Power and Area Efficient 8-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit Using Modified Gate Diffusion Input Technique
Abstract: AbstractThe arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is one of the most fundamental operational units in any processor. The ALU is the heart of any system or any processor and the core component of the central processing unit because mainly all the fundamental operations are performed by the help of ALU only. So, it can be defined as the combinational unit that is used to perform its logical and arithmetic units. The …
Published in Journal of Microcontroller Engineering and Applications · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 19–29 Read article
-
Recovery of Tungsten and Copper from Waste Tungsten Copper Borings
Abstract: During the last many years, the unused tungsten and copper alloy from the discarded electric and electronic equipment and industrial scraps are gathering attention as a section of waste. Because of tungsten's many diverse uses, numerous types of scrap were available for recycling by a wide variety of processes. In the present study, tungsten and copper was recovered by leaching process in ammonium hydroxide solution followed by electro winning process. …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–8 Read article
-
Review on Corrosion of Welded Joints
Abstract: Corrosion is one of the major problems generally faced by welded joints made from various welding processes. Welding resistance of welded joints can be improved with addition of anticorrosive elements in the base metal. However certain other factors like fabrication technique, welding practice, welding sequence, moisture contamination, organic or inorganic chemical species oxide film and scale, weld slag and spatter, incomplete weld penetration or fusion also contribute for corrosion of …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 23–30 Read article
-
Structural, Mechanical, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Mn–Zn Substituted Ca-hexaferrites
Abstract: In the present investigation, the samples with chemical composition Ca(CoTi)0.5(MnZn)x/2Fe11–xO19 with (x = 0 to 1.0) have been synthesized using perfect stoichiometric proportions of reacting oxides by standard ceramic technique. The pellets of 15 mm diameter were prepared and sintered at 1313 K in air atmosphere for 106 h and characterized by using XRD and SEM. XRD studies of the samples showed hexagonal magnetoplumbite (M) structure with unit cell dimensions …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 99–111 Read article
-
Electrochemical Recovery of MnO2 from Spent Alkaline Batteries
Abstract: In the alkaline batteries of Zn/MnO2, the electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) is used as cathode that constitutes a very important part of household waste which contributes with heavy metals to the solid urban waste. This paper described the recovery of EMD by electro-oxidation on carbon cloth in acidic leached liquors from spent alkaline batteries. The maximum extraction for Mn and Zn were 43.68% (0.744 molL-1) and 56.11% (0.7321 molL-1) respectively. …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 9–16 Read article
-
Implications of WC–cobalt Composed Forms Matrix
Abstract: This article summarizes some forms of tungsten carbide in metals under composition. Accumulated ceramic and metal powders produce cement carbide (CC). Systems in these categories are used to manufacture resistive equipment. Cementation method of tungsten carbide is a metallic manner. CC mine drills are applied for any corrosion resistant purposes. Common matrix metals are Co, Ni, Cu, Al, etc. The performance fault from heat-treated assisted oxidation was assessed by the …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 26–31 Read article
-
A Study of Flyback Microinverter Topologies for Photovoltaic Applications
Abstract: AbstractThe microinverter system plays an imperative role in photovoltaic applications. Nowadays a central inverter system is substituted by a microinverter. The flyback inverter has the following advantages such as transformer separation, high voltage step-up ratio, low volume, high reliability, and provides high efficiency and relatively simple control. This paper proposes a collation of different flyback inverter topologies operating under various control schemes. A single phase current source inverter with hybrid …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 1–10 Read article
-
Effect study of Cu2O in Perovskite (CH3NH3PbX3, X: I, Br, Cl) Solar Cell as Hole Transport Layer
Abstract: AbstractThe detailed modeling and mathematical simulation on perovskite solar cells have been performed with three various perovskite materials, such as “methyl ammonium lead trial halide (MAPbX3, MA= CH3NH3, X: I, Br, Cl)” with aid of solar cell capacitance simulator software (SCAPS) tools. The electrical possessions of MAPbX3 material performed as “active layer” and measured different parameters such as “open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), power conversion efficiency (PCE), and short-circuit …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 5–10 Read article
-
Solid State Technology Reinvents Microwave Heating
Abstract: Since magnetrons first came into widespread commercial use in microwave ovens in the early 1970s solid state technology has evolved relatively slowly to be used in industrial heating, consumer cooking, drying, automotive applications etc. Recently, RF energy utilizing solid state devices has appeared in the market as a viable replacement for magnetrons as the heating engine. This route offers many advantages like better energy direction control, longer life, enhanced reliability, …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 6–15 Read article
-
Atomic Reactors and Use of Heat Pipes
Abstract: AbstractNuclear power and coolant purpose in passive space power systems have evaluated PWC – 11 niobium base alloys (Nb – 1Zr – 0.1 C) to be one of suitable alloy system. High temperature resistant but easy to oxidize alloy have considered to be important from comparatively higher strength as observed in various heat treatments. Oxygen availability in space has contaminated from material associated to construction. Design compatibility and versatile use …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 24–32 Read article
-
Compatibility Issues of Heat Pipes for Radioactive Exposures
Abstract: AbstractSelection of alloys are refractory materials those withstand high temperature, radioactive embrittlement effects for long periods. Effects of high temperature and neutron embrittlement are subjects considered in this article. Effects of coolants, reactive gases like oxygen are facts of importance to select materials for reactor construction system. Selections of radioactive protecting alloys like sleeves are of importance to produce systems within margins of weight. Compatibilities have been decisive among material, …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 24–32 Read article