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512 articles for “Anti – infective”
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Incidence of Community acquired MRSA in the nasal swabs of general population of Gulbarga region
Abstract: Background: Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a major pathogen in both community and hospital settings. Nasal carriage of S. aureus represents a major risk factor for the development of infection with this bacterium. Objective: The aim was to study community acquired MRSA incidence among nasal swabs of general population of Gulbarga. Methods: Nasal swabs from anterior nares were collected for the isolation of S. aureus from 224 …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 8–13 Read article
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THE EVOLVING ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN THE DISCOVERY OF CANCER DRUG THERAPY
Abstract: The term "cancer" refers to a broad range of diseases that develop in any organ or tissue of the body when malignant cells multiply out of control, cross their usual boundaries to infect surrounding body regions, and spread to other organs, primarily problems that arise in breast cancer and lung cancer. The world recognizes Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a cutting-edge technology. Today, several institutes, organizations, and individuals are aiming to …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 74–87 Read article
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Role of Unani Herbal Medicine in the Management of Acute Hepatitis (Warm Kabid Haad)
Abstract: In unani system of medicine acute hepatitis is known as Warm Kabid Haad. Almost all unani physicians described about hepatitis; its etiology, sign and symptoms, prevention and treatment in their classical texts. In conventional system viral infections of the liver are classified as hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses. Hepatitis A is a milder version of the disease, whereas hepatitis D is more severe. Hepatitis is of two …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Herbal Science · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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The effective therapeutic strategies to fight against COVID-19 in India
Abstract: In December 2019, the global pandemic coronavirus infection (COVID-19) was first detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, Central China. It is caused by coronavirus-2, which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). This was declared by World Health Organization on 11th March 2020. In India, the first case of COVID-19 infection was reported in Kerala on January 27,2020 of a 20 yr old female presented to an Emergency Department in General Hospital, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 43–49 Read article
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Role of Pharmaceutical Software in Vaccine Development and Manufacturing Process Optimization
Abstract: Vaccine development and manufacturing have become increasingly complex due to the emergence of diverse vaccine platforms, stringent regulatory expectations, and global demand for safe and effective immunization. Across the vaccine lifecycle – from antigen design and preclinical evaluation to large‑scale manufacturing and post‑marketing surveillance – pharmaceutical software now plays a central role in handling data, optimizing processes, and ensuring regulatory compliance. Software tools support in silico antigen and epitope design, …
Published in International Journal of Vaccines · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Biochemical and Structural Characterization of Helicobacter pylori Peptide deformylase by Computational Methods
Abstract: Helicobacter pylorus is classified as class one carcinogen in causing gastric cancer. Peptide deformylases (PDFs) present in bacteria removes the formyl group from the N-terminal Methionine of newly synthesized proteins which is necessary in protein maturation. These enzymes have shown as new targets in antibacterial, antimalarial and anticancer drug discovery. Here an insilico technique was initiated to characterize structural and biochemical properties of this protein. Pair wise sequence alignment with …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Bioinformatics · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 22–28 Read article
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Vaccine Candidates and Animal Models for Kala-Azar
Abstract: Kala-azar or Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a serious human disease in tropical regions and rapidly emerging as an opportunistic infection in HIV patients. The available treatment against VL is associated with toxicity and drug resistance. Even though the development of vaccines against VL is received limited attention. The only successful immunization strategy in humans has been leishmanization, which is based on the development of durable immunity after recovery from infection …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 29–35 Read article
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Adjuvant Unani Formulations used in Fournier’s Gangrene Patient: A Case Study
Abstract: Fournier’s gangrene is a rare infection characterized with fast-progressing myonecrosis, which affect regions of perineum, genitalia and perianal area. E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus putridus, Staphylococcus and Klebsiella are commonly involved. Symptomatically presented as sudden pain in the scrotum, fever, severe toxicity, very fast spreading cellulitis of scrotal skin, extending to the groin and often to anterior abdominal wall. The aim of this case study is to acknowledge the effectiveness …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 35–41 Read article
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Second Hand Smoke (SHS) Awareness and Exposure in Residents of Resettled Colony of Chandigarh, India
Abstract: Second hand smoke (also known environmental tobacco smoke or passive smoking) means when a non-smoker inhales the smoke exhaled by a smoker from a tobacco product. World health organisation estimates that as a result of passive exposure to tobacco smoke each year 600,000 people die. There are 33% of men, 35% of women and 40% of children who do not smoke but are exposed to second hand smoke and still …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Typhoid Fever: Etiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management
Abstract: Typhoid fever is a systemic and potentially life-threatening infectious disease caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, which primarily spreads through the fecal-oral route via ingestion of contaminated food and water. It continues to be a major global public health concern, particularly in developing and low-resource countries where poor sanitation, inadequate personal hygiene, and unsafe water supplies prevail. The disease is characterized by prolonged high-grade fever, abdominal discomfort, headache, loss of …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Neglected Tropical Diseases Among Women and Children in Rural Liberia: A Regional Perspective
Abstract: Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) remain a critical public health challenge in Liberia, disproportionately affecting women and children in rural regions due to systemic inequities in water, sanitation, and healthcare access. This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence and risk factors of NTDs among 1,000 participants (600 children above 15 years and 400 women aged 15–49) in rural Liberia using stratified and cluster sampling. Laboratory diagnostics, including Kato-Katz stool analysis, urine filtration, …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Horizons in Neuralgia Care: Addressing Unmet Needs and Future Prospects
Abstract: Neuralgia refers to intense, sharp, and often chronic pain resulting from damage or irritation to nerves. It is typically characterized by sudden, shooting pain along the course of a nerve, significantly impairing daily functioning and impacting both physical and emotional well-being. Given its intensity and chronic nature, neuralgia presents a complex challenge in clinical management, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis and effective intervention to improve patient outcomes. This comprehensive …
Published in International Journal of Brain Sciences · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Ramifications of Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Security
Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) has pros and cons for cyber security: AI can improve network security, anti-malware, and fraud detection. AI can simulate cyberattacks, automate responses, and analyse enormous databases. AI-powered phishing and deepfakes are cyber risks. AI can potentially be attacked and become a liability for corporations. AI has transformed cyber security, bringing both new opportunities and challenges. AI-powered tools discover abnormalities faster, automate threat responses, and improve threat detection …
Published in International Journal of Information Security Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 40–45 Read article
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Herbal Immuno-modulators- Pros and Cons
Abstract: Recently, there has been a greater global focus on plant research, and a ton of data has accumulated to show the enormous potential of the medicinal plants used in various traditional systems. In actual practise, the majority of immunostimulants and immunosuppressants are cytotoxic medications with substantial side effects. In treating immune-related disorders, there is growing interest in using herbal medicines as multi-component agents to modulate the complex immune system and …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 22–29 Read article
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To Rule Out the Efficacy of Haridradi Drugs in Respiratory Allergic Disorders in the Childrens.
Abstract: Allergic diseases in children have increased significantly in recent years and they are a major cause of morbidity in the children. Although there is a genetic predisposition, exposure to allergens i.e pollens, irritants, infections, diets and inhalant will determine the sensitization. At present, the best approach to the children who are at high risk for the development of allergies is to introduce environmental and dietary control and adopt early measures …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 53–60 Read article
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Diet-Driven Enhancement of Immune Resilience, Disease Resistance, and Performance: Mechanistic Insights, Nutritional Interventions, and Implications for Sustainable Dairy Development
Abstract: This review synthesizes current knowledge on how dietary strategies can strengthen immune resilience, improve disease resistance, and enhance productive performance in dairy systems while advancing sustainable development. Immune function in dairy cattle is profoundly influenced by nutrition, with energy, protein, essential amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds playing critical roles in shaping both innate and adaptive immune responses. Suboptimal nutrition impairs immune competence, increases susceptibility to infectious …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 15–24 Read article
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Giant Primary Hydatid Cyst of Spleen—A Rare Clinical Entity
Abstract: Hydatid cyst (echinococcosis) is a zoonotic disease, caused by infestation of larval form of parasite of tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus (eg). Humans are infected through faeco-oral route by the ingestion of food and milk, contaminated by dog faeces containing the ova of parasite or by direct contact with dog. Liver is the commonly involved organ (57.8%) followed by the lungs (26.4%). The kidneys, spleen, brain, soft tissues of neck, appendix and …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 21–24 Read article
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Modulating Immune System of Mosquitoes with A Novel Salicylate Derivative: A Bioinformatics-Based Study
Abstract: The present study aims to compare the interactions of a novel derivative of salicylic acid, 5-(2-nitroethynl) salicylic acid (5-SANA, salicylic acid nitroalkene), and salicylic acid with the critical residues of mosquito’s juvenile hormone binding protein (mJHBP). Given the better water solubility of 5-SANA and salicylic acid, it is believed that they can interact quicker than the natural substrate, juvenile hormone (JH), with the cavity of mJHBP, a circulating protein in …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Diagnosis of Dengue by NS1 Detection: Comparison of Rapid Immunochromatography versus ELISA Kits
Abstract: Dengue is an acute infectious disease of viral etiology. It is probably one of the most important arthropod borne viral disease in terms of human morbidity and mortality. The spectrum of disease ranges from self-limited dengue fever to more severe forms of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). So, to reduce mortality and morbidity early and accurate diagnosis of dengue is essential. Study assessed comparison of currently …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 18–22 Read article
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Progression in multi-omics and immunological research on host-parasite interactions: Transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics, metabolomics, and immune responses
Abstract: The interaction occuring between hosts and parasites is a quick and multi step-complex biological process that tries to influence disease outcomes. In recent years, multi-omics approaches, such as transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics, metabolomics, and immunological studies, have gathered substantial eye in dissecting these interactions at a microscopic level. These techniques enable a vast understanding of the molecular structures involved in parasitic infections and host defense mechanisms. This article reviews the advancements …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article