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36 articles for “dissolved Solids”
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IoT-Enabled Monitoring of AC Condensate Water for Quality Assessment and Early Detection of HVAC System Health
Abstract: The shortage of water and expensive reactive maintenance of HVAC are major problems in the modern building management. The paper introduces an Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled air conditioning (AC) condensate to water resource (predictive maintenance) and sustainable water reuse. The nature of our approach defines the quality of the condensate water at the baseline and indicates that it contains low levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) and has almost neutral …
Published in Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–35 Read article
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Investigation of Pollution Status in River No. 2, Freetown, Sierra Leone, Using Physicochemical and Bacterial Indicators
Abstract: This study assessed the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of surface water in the River No. 2 watershed, Sierra Leone, through monthly sampling from March–August 2024 at upstream, midstream, and downstream sites. Analyses included temperature, turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, ammonia, fluoride, sulfite, nitrate, lead, arsenic, chromium, and microbial indicators (Escherichia coli, fecal and non-fecal coliforms). Most physicochemical parameters met WHO drinking-water guidelines. pH (7.0–7.3), TDS (7–17 mg/L), turbidity …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 11–27 Read article
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Green Hydrogen Production Using Air-Conditioner Condensate Wastewater: A Review of Solar-Powered Electrolysis Systems
Abstract: As the world moves toward sustainable and clean energy solutions, growing attention has been directed toward alternative energy carriers such as Hydrogen (H 2 ). Hydrogen is considered an attractive energy option due to its high-density energy and ecofriendly properties. However, most conventional H 2 production methods rely on fossil-fuel-based processes such as steam methane reforming and coal gasification, which contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation. As …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Machine-Learning-Assisted Development of Polymer-Biochar Composite Adsorbents for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Gomti River Water
Abstract: Rapid urbanization, industrial discharge, and agricultural runoff pose a significant threat to freshwater sustainability and public health. Within these ecosystems, polymer pollutants—such as microplastics, nanoplastics, synthetic fibres, and additive residues—have emerged as persistent vectors capable of adsorbing and transporting toxic heavy metals. Because these polymeric contaminants dynamically interact with conventional aquatic parameters to alter pollutant mobility and ecological risk profiles, there is an urgent need to transition from passive environmental …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 72–95 Read article
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Real-time Water Quality Analysis Using Fuzzy Logic
Abstract: Nowadays the availability of safe drinking water is very difficult. In our project we are analysing water quality using different parameters like pH, turbidity, temperature and TDS for determining its safety level by monitoring the data from the readings. Moreover, we have a monitoring system for the data and also a webpage where all the data from these system is displayed. The sensors are connected to an Arduino Nano microcontroller …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 01–11 Read article
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Microneedles: An Innovative Drug Delivery System
Abstract: Microneedles represent a groundbreaking innovation in drug delivery systems, offering a transformative alternative to conventional hypodermic needles and transdermal patches. This advanced technology combines the precision and efficacy of needle-based delivery with the convenience and pain-free nature of patches, creating a minimally invasive platform that addresses many limitations of traditional drug administration. Microneedles are designed to penetrate the stratum corneum – the skin’s outermost layer – without reaching pain-sensitive nerves …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 60–67 Read article
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Microneedles: A Modern Breakthrough in Drug Delivery Systems
Abstract: Microneedles (MNs) represent a revolutionary and transformative advancement in the realm of transdermal drug delivery systems, which are designed to facilitate the administration of therapeutic agents through the skin. These exceptionally small, micron-scale needles penetrate the stratum corneum, thereby enabling the direct delivery of pharmacological agents into the underlying dermis or the upper epidermis, consequently enhancing bioavailability while simultaneously circumventing the detrimental effects of first-pass metabolism and the degradation that …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 01–07 Read article
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Fast Dissolving Oral Thin Films: A Review
Abstract: Fast-dissolving oral thin films (FDOFs) represent a significant advancement in drug delivery technology, offering advantages over traditional solid dosage forms, especially for patients with swallowing difficulties. FDOFs dissolve rapidly in the mouth, releasing the active ingredient without the need for water or chewing. They have picked up ubiquity due to their comfort, taste veiling capabilities, and progressed persistent compliance. Ideal drugs for FDOFs should possess characteristics such as solubility, stability, …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 24–31 Read article
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Oral Thin Films of Ondanetron Hcl: Formulation and Performance Evaluation
Abstract: This study had the goal to formulate oral polymeric thin film that would dissolve and disintegrate instantly, while also having high mechanical features. These are the most advanced forms of solid dosage forms. Solvent casting was the technique employed to create oral thin films. These are additionally referred to as buccal films/strip, mouth dissolving films, oral thin films, as well as oral strips of paper. These films are suitable for …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Estimating Heavy Ion Concentrations in the Shatt AlKufa Area and Studying Methods for Recycling Wastewater
Abstract: This study includes practical methods for treating chemical pollution in wastewater. The proper disposal of wastewater is essential for providing a healthy environment for communities, adhering to international standards and utilizing the latest chemical and scientific methods to maintain a surrounding environment free from sewage pollutants. The goal of wastewater treatment is to prepare it for discharge into agricultural drains or for use in irrigation. Treatment removes a large percentage …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 17–22 Read article
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Corrosion Testing and Evaluation of Inhibitors Performance
Abstract: Choosing test methods that will analyze specific needs, like film barrier strength that real field settings is essential for the proper evaluation and development of inhibitors. The flowing loop and the bubble test are two examples of the first and second, respectively. Corrosion is measured by gravimetric, electrical noise, alternating-current impedance, potentiodynamic measurement, linear polarization and gravimetric. The inhibitors action can be analyzed in different corrosive environments. Their performance is …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 82–88 Read article
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A Review on: Oral Thin Films: A New Approach to Effective and Easy Drug Delivery
Abstract: Oral Thin Film (OTF) is an advance drug delivery system in which drug is incorporated into dissolvable strip and place in oral cavity for rapid absorption. OTF is useful for patient such as pediatric and geriatric who have difficulty swallowing pills. It provides rapid action, precise dosage and improved bioavailability. OTFs consist of fast-dissolving films, extended-release films, and mucoadhesive films for various therapeutic applications. The manufacturing processes of OTFs such …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 22–41 Read article
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Advancements in Solubility Enhancement Through Liquisolid Compact Technology: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: The study examines Liquisolid Compact Technology as an innovative approach for improving the bioavailability and solubility of drugs that are poorly soluble in water. Liquisolid systems, comprising solid carriers and liquid drugs, offer advantages such as improved drug release and bioavailability, reduced manufacturing costs, and controlled drug delivery. The technique involves dissolving or suspending the drug in non-volatile solvents, adding carrier materials, super disintegrants, and coating materials, and then compressing …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 25–34 Read article
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Zolmitriptan Mouth Dissolving Tablets: Development of Formulas and Invitro Evaluation
Abstract: Pharma Burst ODT super disintegrants were used in different concentrations to manufacture Zolmitriptan fast dissolving tablets by a direct compression method. With a 28° angle of repose, there is good flow. The densities for bulk and tapped materials are 0.410 (g/ml) and 0.500 (g/ml), respectively. The compressibility index and Hausner ratio have values of 19.05 and 1.24, correspondingly. According to IP standard, weight variation test results range from 121.4 mg …
Published in Emerging Trends in Personalized Medicines · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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Advances in Solubility Enhancement Strategies for Poorly Water-soluble Drugs: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Solubility enhancement holds significant importance in the field of pharmaceutical research as it aims to augment the solubility and bioavailability of drugs that possess low solubility. Poorly soluble drugs pose a considerable challenge in drug development due to their tendency to display inadequate absorption, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy. The advancement of solubility enhancement techniques encompasses a wide range of approaches, including physical and chemical methods, as well as innovative technologies …
Published in International Journal of Vaccines · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 01–09 Read article
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Grey Water Recycling
Abstract: Domestic grey water recycling and reuse in residential buildings have been comprehensively examined. It is estimated that recoverable grey water can account for approximately 35% to 40% of total household water demand, highlighting its substantial potential to reduce freshwater consumption in domestic settings. A comprehensive worldwide review of grey water recycling and reuse practices has been reported, highlighting the increasing importance of sustainable water management in both developed and developing …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 69–77 Read article