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101 articles for “Direct Synthesis”
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Minimizing the Synthesis Time of Nanostructured Powders in Planetary Mills using Biogeography-based Optimization (BBO) Algorithm
Abstract: A key objective in processing of nanostructured powders via high-energy ball milling is to minimize the synthesis time. This paper presents the application of biogeography-based algorithm for optimization of milling parameters in order to minimize the synthesis time of nanostructured powders in planetary mills. At first a direct relationship between the inverse of the milling time and the power of the planetary mill was established, which allows the validation of …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 6–18 Read article
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Amorphous Carbon Nanotube (ACNT), Two-dimensional Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets (MoS2) and Amorphous Carbon Nanotube-MoS2 Nanohybrids: A Brief Theoretical and Practical Analysis
Abstract: Recently, carbon nanotube and MoS2 nanosheets have been showing great interest in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology for its exceptional physical, optical and electronic properties. The synthesis procedure of crystalline carbon nanotube is immensely tough for which researchers are focused on amorphous carbon nanotube. Single layer MoS2 with direct band gap shows better semiconductor behavior such as photoluminescence, makes them more acceptable in optoelectronic applications in comparison with graphene, …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 21, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Key Generation Algorithms Using Difference Equations with Multi-Precision Arithmetic: A Review
Abstract: Modern cryptographic systems rely on robust key generation to secure data and communication. This review explores the integration of difference equations and multi-precision arithmetic for cryptographic key generation, addressing limitations in traditional methods like pseudorandom number generators and chaotic systems. Difference equations produce deterministic yet chaotic sequences ideal for cryptography due to their sensitivity to initial conditions and nonlinearity. However, finite precision arithmetic can lead to periodicity and loss of …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 23–36 Read article
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A Comprehensive Review on Nanostructured Polymer Composites for CT Imaging Contrast Enhancement in Brain Tumor Diagnosis
Abstract: The detection and characterization of brain tumors require high-resolution and non-invasive imaging modalities that have the ability of differentiating tumorous tissues and healthy brain tissues. Computed tomography (CT) can be included in this number because, in addition to providing speedy scans and penetration to deep tissue, the diagnostic capability in soft tissue organ such as the brain is poor despite low natural contrast. The review is dedicated to the emerging …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 148–162 Read article
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Advancements in Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Review of Algorithms, Applications, and Future Directions
Abstract: Gaining knowledge of Machine learning (ML)-guided format algorithms leverage predictive models to generate novel devices with optimized properties across several domains, which include drug discovery, fabric synthesis, and biomolecular engineering. Selecting an effective format set of policies consists of identifying appropriate hyperparameters, predictive models, and generative mechanisms to maximize format fulfilment. This study introduces an established method for set of policies requirements, ensuring that generated designs meet predefined fulfilment criteria, …
Published in Recent Trends in Programming languages · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 17–33 Read article
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Integrated Plasma Gasification Technologies for Enhanced Energy Conversion and Environmental Sustainability: A Short Review
Abstract: Plasma Gasification emerged as a constructive tool for waste management and cleaner energy production. The versatility of the process makes it a promising solution of the global energy crises. In this paper, a brief coverup is done of integrated plasma models. Plasma technology is an emerging solution for recycling a wide range of waste making it a highly sustainable, efficient, and environment-friendly process. The integration of Plasma Gasification with complementary …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 67–75 Read article
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Radiopaque Polymer Composites for Improved Visualization of Interventional Devices
Abstract: Radiopaque polymer composites are increasingly important for improving the visualization of interventional medical devices under X-ray and fluoroscopic imaging while maintaining the flexibility, mechanical performance, and processability required for minimally invasive applications. This narrative review summarizes recent developments in radiopaque polymer composites, with emphasis on radiopaque filler selection, polymer–filler interactions, processing strategies, structure–property relationships, biocompatibility, and device applications. A focused literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Spherical Crystallization: Making Biopharmaceutical Parameters Tilorable
Abstract: Particle engineering is quiet important now a days. It should have good flow and compression properties for good tableting ability and render it suitable for advanced tableting devices. From years dry and wet granulation serves the purpose but since last two decades direct compression has achieved much attention amongst Pharma industry. In order to make the powder blend directly compressible Spherical crystallization methods have been developed; to make it appropriate …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials: Recent Advances and Future Directions
Abstract: This review explores essential flame-retardant polymers that play a vital role in various industries such as electrical & electronics, automobile, manufacturing, and firefighting. This review also highlights the latest progress in the design and synthesis of flame-retardant polymers, highlighting novel approaches such as the incorporation of nanomaterials, bio-based flame retardants, and the use of intumescent systems. Recent advancements include high-throughput screening, computational design, bio-based and sustainable flame retardants, self-healing materials, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 5, 2024 · pp. 125–132 Read article
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Synthesis and Chemical Characterization of Novel Series of Benzoxazinone Derivatives
Abstract: The objective of the current work is to synthesize some novel benzoxazinone derivatives and to study their antibacterial activity in particular. Thus an effort has been made in this direction. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized some novel benzoxazinone derivative is summarized.As estimated, benzoxazinone derivatives exhibited significant to moderate antimicrobial activity. Therefore, a detailed study of toxicity is necessary. Heterocycles formed the sites of reactions in many enzymes or co-enzymes. …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 41–57 Read article
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Designing Aspects and Recent Advances in Digital Holographic Microscopy
Abstract: Recent advances in Digital Holographic Microscopy have been discussed in this paper, besides throwing some light on the designing aspects of optical components like beam splitter and neutral density filter for the optimization of system performance. Some important related subtopics like spectral resolution of digital holograms, and Fourier-synthesis holography have been technically discussed. The optimization of acoustical holographic components for use in renewable energy production is presented in this study. …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 06–18 Read article
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Plant Bioactive Metabolites and Their Role in the Prevention and Control of Dental Diseases and Infections.
Abstract: The oral diseases, including dental caries and periodontitis, affect masses worldwide, and have historically been managed with synthetic antimicrobials that cause deleterious side effects, leading to mounting bacterial resistance. Consequently, contemporary dentistry is rapidly shifting toward phytomedicine using plant bioactive molecules, such as polyphenols, terpenes, anthraquinones (berberin, eugenol, curcumin, catechins, allicin, and azadirachtin. These compounds offer potent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-regenerative properties that are crucial for preventing and curing dental …
Published in Emerging Trends in Metabolites · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 47–66 Read article
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Polymer Phase Change Materials: Innovations, Applications, and Future Directions
Abstract: Polymer-based phase change materials represent a significant advancement in energy storage and thermal management technologies due to their ability to absorb, store, and release heat during phase transitions. This article reviews recent innovations in polymer phase change materials, focusing on the synthesis, characterization, and performance enhancement techniques. The development of polymer composites with enhanced thermal conductivity, improved phase change enthalpy, and extended thermal cycling stability is discussed. Additionally, the integration …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Novel Synthesis of Encapsulated Super Paramagnetic Iron Nanoparticles (Fe3O4) and its Evaluation in Drug Delivery System
Abstract: Nanoparticles can be defined as solid, submicron, colloidal particles ranging in size from 10–100 nm in diameter, generally but not necessarily made of natural or synthetic polymers, in which drugs can be adsorbed, entrapped, that exhibit new or enhanced size-dependent properties as compared to microparticles. Iron oxide nanoparticles are often magnetic by nature, which means that they obey Coulomb’s law, and can be manipulated by an external magnetic field gradient. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 11–24 Read article
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Structural, Morphological, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Sol–Gel Synthesized Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles for Photovoltaic Applications
Abstract: Solar cells are a promising renewable energy source, converting solar energy into electrical power. The performance and efficiency of solar cells can be enhanced by incorporating multiferroic materials, which have the potential to improve energy conversion. Bismuth ferrite (BFO) is one such material that has attracted attention for photovoltaic applications due to its bandgap energy, which ranges from 2 eV to 2.7 eV. However, its practical efficiency is currently low …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 28–41 Read article
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Al-MMC Foam: Synthesis and Characterisation
Abstract: Aluminium alloy composite foams are produced in the laboratory using TiH2-CaCO3 dual foaming agents. The density of the developed material varied along various cross sections. There exists a more pronounced variation in density along the direction of foaming. Compressive and tensile tests are performed on Aluminium Metal Matrix composite (Al-MMC) specimens of different relative density. The compressive stress-strain response of the material establishes their engineering utility in terms of their …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 18–27 Read article
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Metals and Minerals in Pharmacy: Current Trends, Biomedical Applications, and Future Innovations
Abstract: Metals and minerals have played important roles in medicine for centuries, ranging from the use of simple mineral powders in traditional therapies to the development of modern metal-based drugs and nanomaterials. In recent years, advancements in material science, nanotechnology and pharmaceutical engineering have expanded the biomedical relevance of inorganic materials far beyond their conventional use as excipients. This review highlights the growing integration of metallic and mineral systems into pharmaceutical …
Published in International Journal of Minerals · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 12–24 Read article
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A Constraint-Driven Generative Design Methodology for Modular Actuated Robotic Components in Decentralized Manufacturing
Abstract: This work formalizes a constraint-driven generative design framework for actuator-integrated robotic components intended for decentralized additive manufacturing. Conventional topology optimization typically prioritizes structural efficiency while treating actuator integration, modular interfaces, and fabrication constraints as secondary considerations. In contrast, the proposed methodology encodes these requirements as first-order geometric and mechanical constraints prior to automated material redistribution. The framework defines preserved actuator geometry, bounded design envelopes, representative loading abstractions, and manufacturability-aware domains …
Published in International Journal of Robotics and Automation in Mechanics · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Brief Review on Synthesis of CdSe Nanomaterials
Abstract: Semiconductor nanomaterials which belong to II–VI groups of periodic tables are considered to be important class of materials for both fundamental research point of view as well as production of solid state devices. Among all II–VI groups of semiconductor nanomaterials, cadmium selenide is found to be one of the potential materials for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices and in biomedical applications because of its direct band gap nature and the …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 20–26 Read article
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Squeeze Casting of Hybrid Aluminum Matrix Composites: A Critical Review of Process Optimization, Reinforcement Strategies, and Performance Outcomes
Abstract: Increasing demand for lightweight, performance-oriented components in automotive, aerospace, and defense industries has driven advancements in squeeze casting, a hybrid technique merging forging and die-casting advantages to produce near-net-shape aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) with superior mechanical-tribological properties. This review critically examines the interplay of process parameters (e.g., squeeze pressure: 70–150 MPa, melt temperature: 650–800°C), reinforcement characteristics (volume fraction ≤10%, particle size: 10–71µm), and interfacial engineering strategies (flux-assisted bonding, ultrasonic dispersion) …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 52–60 Read article