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159 articles for “Diagnostic challenges”
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Advancements in Molecular Engineering: Innovations at the Nexus of Chemistry and Technology
Abstract: Molecular engineering, a frontier of chemistry, merges precision and innovation to design and assemble molecular structures with unprecedented control. This abstract explores recent advances, highlighting key breakthroughs and their transformative impacts. Starting with its roots in chemical synthesis and materials science, it traces the evolution towards rational design driven by computational tools and advanced characterization techniques, enabling tailored molecular architectures. A focal point is programmable molecules, where DNA nanotechnology principles …
Published in International Journal of Advance in Molecular Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 37–43 Read article
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Data to Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of AI/ML in Healthcare
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are fast revolutionizing the diagnosis of healthcare by augmenting accuracy, speed, and efficiency. AI/ML technologies facilitate earlier and more accurate disease identification with advanced algorithms for image processing, predictive modelling, and pattern recognition, frequently outperforming conventional diagnostic techniques. This review delves into the key contribution of AI/ML in contemporary healthcare, such as its use in clinical data analysis, imaging reports, and patient histories …
Published in International Journal of Biomedical Innovations and Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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CRISPR, Recombinant DNA, and LAMP-Based Platforms for Monkeypox: Emerging Tools for Diagnosis and Therapeutic Development
Abstract: Monkeypox, a zoonotic viral infection caused by the Monkeypox virus of the Orthopoxvirus genus, has recurred as a worldwide public health concern after recent outbreaks outside of its classical endemic areas in Central and West Africa. The resurgence has demanded a thorough reassessment of its epidemiology, mode of transmission, and clinical presentation. In light of these challenges, recombinant DNA technology (rDNA) has emerged as a candidate for developing vaccines, diagnostics, …
Published in International Journal of Virus Studies · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 7–28 Read article
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Transforming Rare Disease Diagnosis with AI
Abstract: Artificial intelligence is changing healthcare fast. It is making diagnoses accurate, helping doctors get better results, and streamlining how care works. This paper looks at how AI shows up in healthcare right now – where it is already making a difference, what is working, and what is still tricky. The focus is on machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision. Particular attention is given to using AI in diagnosing …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–40 Read article
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A Review on Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Parkinsons’s Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Its Future Challenges
Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a long-term, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that mainly occurs in people older than 60 years, affecting nearly 1% of this population. It is chiefly marked by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, a crucial brain region responsible for controlling motor functions. The resultant dopamine deficiency significantly disrupts motor control, manifesting in clinical symptoms such as tremors, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity, and postural instability. While PD …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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Classification of Skin Disease Images Using EfficientNetTransfer Learning Technique
Abstract: Melanomous Skin lesions are among the deadliest kinds of cancer. Despite being a very uncommon skin condition, melanoma is responsible for 75% of cancer-related deaths. Dermatologists perform dermoscopy more commonly than any other procedure. Since it aggravates the skin condition, a dermatologist will be the first to identify it during an inspection. Because this strategy depends on the user's visual perception and experience, it can only be used by highly …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Survey on Retinal OCT Image Preprocessing, Segmentation, and Deep Learning Based Classification
Abstract: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive technique that generates high-resolution, detailed cross-sectional images of biological tissues. By utilizing low-coherence interferometry, OCT enables visualization of tissue microstructure with micron-scale resolution, making it useful in various medical fields such as ophthalmology, cardiology, and dermatology. In ophthalmology, OCT is extensively used for diagnosing and monitoring retinal diseases like macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, allowing doctors to assess changes in tissue morphology over …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Impact of Training Program on Recent Innovations in Oncology Among Nursing Professionals
Abstract: Introduction: In recent years, there have been significant advancements and trends in the field of oncology treatment in India. This study aimed to evaluate impact of training program on knowledge regarding recent innovations in oncology among nursing professionals. After ethical approval, a pre-experimental, one group pretest- post-test design was used to conduct this research at anursing college of Punjab. Methods: The sample was selected using the total enumerative sampling technique. …
Published in International Journal of Oncological Nursing and Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 9–14 Read article
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Role of ABCDE Rule in Wound Assessment
Abstract: The diagnosis of chronic wounds poses an interdisciplinary and interprofessional challenge. In routine clinical practice, the appropriate diagnostic workup is frequently carried out insufficiently. In addition to financial obstacles, those involved in the process often lack the required knowledge, a circumstance that must be overcome. Today, the treatment of patients with chronic wounds is thus, commonly, merely symptomatic and frequently not accompanied by determination of the exact cause. The ABCDE …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 Read article
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A Comprehensive Review on Piezoelectric Composites for Energy Harvesting and Sensing
Abstract: The capacity of piezoelectric composites to transform mechanical energy into electrical energy and vice versa has drawn a lot of interest recently. This property makes them very appealing for use in energy harvesting and sensing applications. These materials combine the high piezoelectric performance of ceramics with the mechanical flexibility and processability of polymers or other matrices, enabling a wide range of practical uses in flexible electronics, wearable systems, and embedded …
Published in International Journal of Electro-Mechanics and Material Behaviour · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 19–24 Read article
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A Comprehensive Analysis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Abstract: Alzheimer's disease, the most prevalent form of dementia, is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by cognitive decline, particularly in memory function. The condition manifests in two primary forms: familial Alzheimer’s disease, affecting individuals under the age of 65 years, and sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, which constitutes the majority of cases and primarily afflicts adults aged 65 years and older. The prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease is influenced by various factors, such as …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2023 Read article
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Stretching Boundaries: A Comprehensive Review of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and its Subtypes
Abstract: The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) encompass 13 inheritable disorders affecting connective tissue. These conditions arise from genetic alterations impacting the structure of connective tissue. Every variant of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) exhibits distinct features and has specific diagnostic criteria. While certain traits such as joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility, and tissue fragility are common across all types of EDS. The range of clinical presentations spans from minor skin and joint looseness to severe …
Published in International Journal of Genetic Modifications and Recombinations · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 44–57 Read article
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A Systematic Review on Factors Contributing to Infertility
Abstract: Infertility is a multifactorial reproductive health condition affecting approximately 10–15% of couples worldwide and continues to represent a major clinical and social challenge. Despite substantial advances in assisted reproductive technologies, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic interventions, many couples still face difficulties in achieving pregnancy. The impact of infertility extends beyond physical health, often leading to emotional distress, social pressure, and financial burdens, especially in societies where parenthood is highly valued. Consequently, …
Published in International Journal of Tropical Medicines · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–35 Read article
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Nanoparticle-Based Early Diagnostic Tools for Tuberculosis and Malaria in Rural India
Abstract: Malaria and Tuberculosis continue to be two major public health challenges in rural India. The interplay between an inefficient health care system, late diagnosis, and under-identification of cases contributes to the high morbidity and mortality associated with TB and Malaria. Conventional methods, such as sputum microscopy for TB, microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria, have a higher benchmark of sensitivity that requires a certain amount of time, skilled …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 45–51 Read article
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Polymeric Microfluidic Chips for Rapid Point-of-Care Diagnostic Testing
Abstract: Polymeric microfluidic chips have emerged as promising platforms for rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostic testing by integrating sample preparation, fluid manipulation, biochemical reactions, and signal detection within compact and potentially low-cost devices. Their compatibility with materials such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), and polymer–paper composites provide considerable flexibility in device design and manufacturing. Advances in soft lithography, injection moulding, hot embossing, laser …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Implementing Machine Learning in Data Classification
Abstract: Data classification forms an essential aspect of artificial intelligence (AI) and soft computing, helping a great deal in the transformation of raw data into knowledge that forms the basis of numerous applications, such as fraud detection, medical diagnostics, and natural language processing. This study discusses the challenges and the state of the art in data classification, as far as scalability, noise handling, and feature selection optimization are concerned. It gives …
Published in International Journal of Data Structure Studies · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 15–22 Read article
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Clinicians’ role in the prevention and management of neonatal candidiasis in Punjab: challenges and opportunities.
Abstract: Background: Neonatal candidiasis is a growing concern in Punjab, particularly among newborns in neonatal intensive care units. The increasing prevalence poses significant risks to neonatal health, highlighting the need for effective management and prevention strategies.Objective: This study aims to explore the role of clinicians in preventing and managing neonatal candidiasis in Punjab while identifying the key challenges they face in clinical practice.Methods: A structured questionnaire was distributed to 350 clinicians, …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 26–33 Read article
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AI-Enhanced Interpretation of Cardiac Troponins: Toward Predictive Precision in Myocardial Injury
Abstract: Background: Cardiac troponins (cTn) represent the gold standard biomarkers for myocardial injury detection, yet their interpretation remains challenging due to various confounding factors and clinical contexts. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies provide remarkable possibilities to improve the interpretation of troponin levels by utilizing pattern recognition, predictive modeling, and clinical decision-making support. Objective: This review examines the current state and future potential of AI-enhanced cardiac troponin interpretation, focusing on machine learning applications, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Is Tissue Platelet Count an Important Diagnostic Tool for Oral Cancer?
Abstract: Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related deaths and a major challenge in today’s cancer management. Although many new therapies against malignant tumors have been developed over the last few years, the prognosis of most malignancies remains unfavorable, once metastatic spread has occurred. There are plethora of studies indicating that the interaction of tumor cells with platelets within the bloodstream is essential during this early phase of metastasis. Ironically, however, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 5–10 Read article
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Artificial Intelligence for Improved Healthcare: A Case Study and Applications
Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare ushers in a revolutionary period of innovation, but it also brings with it significant ethical dilemmas. This paper explores the complex relationship between AI and healthcare, emphasizing both its useful applications and the moral conundrums that arise. Ethical issues span a wide range, including patient privacy, transparency, accountability, and the unintentional reinforcement of biases in AI algorithms. Privacy concerns take center stage as healthcare providers …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Bioinformatics · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–12 Read article