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297 articles for “Black”
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Mobile Ad Hoc Network Gray Hole and Black Hole Attack Detection and Defences: Review
Abstract: Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an infrastructure less dynamic network which is created on demand. MANET is an assembly of mobile nodes which is a temporary network. Mobile nodes frequently come and go out of the network. Because of self-motivated or mobility in nature, nodes are very important factor for the security perspective. In this paper, a review on a various type of network attacks, such as black hole …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Evaluation of Majestic Darjeeling Green and Black Tea during Storage
Abstract: Three months storage in ambient temperature and humidity causes the changes in biochemical (antioxidant) and antimicrobial properties of Darjeeling green and black tea. Having higher extent of total polyphenol and non-enzymatic antioxidant flavonoid content green teas are able to show higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities against different microorganisms. Due to manufacturing procedures (greater extent of fermentation) some of the enzyme activities (including antioxidant enzyme catalase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase) are lowered …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 24–34 Read article
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Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Piper Nigrum (Black Pepper) Aqueous Extract
Abstract: In the present study, we wish to report the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using aqueous extract from fruit of black pepper. The extract with different concentrations was reduced with HAuCl4 aqueous solution at room temperature. The color change, pH change and UV-visible spectroscopic analysis reveal the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the final reaction product which confirms the reduction of Au3+ ion to gold nanoparticles. The FTIR spectra confirms …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2012 · pp. 48–57 Read article
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Influence of Methanolic Extractives of Prepupal Stages of Black Soldier, Hermetia Illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) on the Biochemical Parameters of Serum and Liver in the DMBA Induced Toxicity in Norwegian Rat, Rattus Norvegicus (L)
Abstract: The larvae of Black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens L., are reducing the environmental pollution through utilization of organic waste for their development on organic wastes and converting the organic waste into protein and fat rich biomass. Health promoting potentials of black soldier fly derived proteins as ingredient of diet appears to be crucial need of modern days. In present attempt, forty Norwegian Rats were utilized as experimental animals. The …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 1–19 Read article
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Evaluation of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal as an Alternative Protein Source in Broiler Chicken Diets: Effect on Carcass and Eating Quality of Broiler Chicken
Abstract: An experiment was conducted using broiler finishers to determine the effects of black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) in broiler rations on the sensory and carcass characteristics of the birds. A total of eight broiler chickens were randomly selected from 40 birds fed diets containing 0% (control) and 33% replacement of fish meal with BSFLM. At 56 days of age, eight birds were slaughtered after 8-hour feed withdrawal, dressed, eviscerated …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 18–21 Read article
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IoT-based Black Box Monitoring for Vehicle Crash Data Analysis and Improving Safety
Abstract: Road accidents are a significant global concern. This project proposes an Internet of Things (IoT)-based black box monitoring system for vehicles to enhance road safety through comprehensive crash data analysis. The system expands on traditional black boxes by incorporating various sensors (accelerometers, gyroscopes, GPS) and potentially in-cabin cameras (with privacy safeguards). This data offers a deeper understanding of crash dynamics, including impact severity, vehicle motion, and safety system deployment timing. …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 7–13 Read article
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Vehicular Black Box for Indian Cars
Abstract: Abstract: This study shows that there is an increase in the interest and development of black box in vehicles. Black box is a device that can be used to mitigate road accidents and are also used in post-accident investigation in order to speed up the investigation and claim processing of insurance. Black box need to store the driving data of the vehicle such as speed, GPS coordinates, brake lights, video, …
Published in Journal of Mobile Computing, Communications & Mobile Networks · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 18–22 Read article
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Cooperation Based Mechanism to Contrast Black Hole Attack in DTN
Abstract: AbstractDelay tolerant network (DTN) has intermittent node connectivity and nodes are highly mobile. Most often DTN behaves abnormally due to the presence of various malicious nodes and because of challenging environment they try to gain the benefit of presenting itself as a normal node. In this thesis, we focused on black hole attack. A black hole node silently removes or drops the packets without acknowledging the source and destination. When …
Published in Journal of Web Engineering & Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 17–20 Read article
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ENHANCING THE STRENGTH OF BLACK COTTON SOIL WITH ENZYME AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE
Abstract: Expansive soils are troublesome and prone to ground movements, which can cause substantial damage to underlying buildings as well as a loss in bearing capacity. Moisture fluctuation activates the expansive character of soils, causing it to swell and shrink. This has long been known in geotechnical engineering. To treat expansive soils, a variety of stabilizing additives such as lime, cement, and fly ash have been employed. In recent years the …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Planning and Development Architecture · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Inhibition of Growth of Selected Bacterial Species Through the Use of Methanolic Maceratives of Black Soldier Fly Pre-Pupae
Abstract: The attempt is dealing with of analysis of effect of maceratives of prepupal stages of black soldier fly (BSF) (Hermetia illuncens L.) in methanol on the inhibition of the growth of selected bacterial species. The bacterial species used for the study include: Salmonella typhimurium (L.); Escherichia coli (L.); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (L.); Bacillus cereus (L); Bacillus subtilis (L); Streptococcus cremoris (L); Streptococcus faecalis (L); Staphylococcus aureus (L); Klebsiella pneumoniae (L); Salmonella …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 30–44 Read article
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Decolorization of Diazo Dye Amido Black 10B by a Bacterium Kerstersia sp. Strain VKY1
Abstract: Amido Black 10B, a diazo dye having various industrial applications was decolorized by a bacterium Kerstersia sp. strain VKY1. The effect of various parameters such as dye concentration, pH, temperature and NaCl concentration was investigated. At 200 mg/l dye concentration, the strain decolorized 81% of the dye at temperature 35°C and pH 7.0 in 36 h of incubation. This strain decolorized the dye over a wide range of pH (5–11), …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 37–43 Read article
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Multifunctional Corn Husk Fibre/PLA–PBAT Hybrid Composites with Carbon-Black Percolation for Structural Self-Sensing Applications
Abstract: This study developed multifunctional polymer composites based on a PLA/PBAT (Polylactic Acid/ Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)) thermoplastic matrix reinforced with 20 wt.% corn husk fibre (CHF) and functionalized with conductive carbon black (CB) for smart consumer-electronics casings. Alkali treatment modified the lignocellulosic fibre surface, improving fibre–matrix interfacial adhesion and stress transfer within the polymer composite. Thermal characterization showed that the PLA cold-crystallization temperature decreased from 112.5 °C for the unfilled blend to …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 Read article
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Routing Protocols and Blackhole Attack in Mobile Ad Hoc Network: A Survey
Abstract: AbstractMANET is a dynamic, decentralized and infrastructure-less network. Any node can link the network and go away from the network at any point of time. In MANET, there is no infrastructure therefore every node acts as a host and router. They are related to each other via peer-to-peer network. Decentralized means there is nothing like client and server. Each and every node acts like a client and a server. Each …
Published in Journal of Mobile Computing, Communications & Mobile Networks · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 33–40 Read article
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A Survey on Various Applications and Blackhole Attack in Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Abstract: The present Mobile Ad hoc Networks known to be (MANETs) become well-liked issue for researchers, and distinctive studies have been prepared to raise introduction of ad hoc networks. In the MANET nodes are bargain to promote packets for each other impart more distant than to their scope of transmission. The mobile node is conveying through each other without some kind of foundation. MANET is an alluring technology for some applications, …
Published in Recent Trends in Parallel Computing · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Physicochemical, Biochemical and Microbiological Characterization of Green and Black Tea during Storage in Different Packaging Materials
Abstract: The storage of tea is an important endeavor for tea industry. The appealing characteristics of this beverage are its aroma, taste, color as well as its antioxidant and antimicrobial qualities. The different manufacturing strategies for black and green tea affect the shelf life of different types of commercially available tea varieties. Different types of packaging alter the quality parameters of different tea clones. The quality parameters are assessed according to …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 5–30 Read article
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Changes in Physicochemical, Biochemical and Microbiological Quality Parameters of Green and Black Tea during Storage
Abstract: The shelf life of different packaged tea is very important concern of tea industry. Thealuminium packaging is better than any other packaging to determine best before use. Thusdifferent times are applicable for both green and black tea to keep their physicochemical,biochemical and microbiological parameters. The rate decrease of quality parameters(according to FSSAI regulation) are higher in Green tea (sharp changes started from 3 rdmonths) than Black tea (gradual changes) in …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 26–31 Read article
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Investigation on Synergistic effect of Carbon Black on Flow properties of EPDM Composite
Abstract: Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer is one of the most widely used rubbers in automotive exterior sealing systems. It is the material of choice for automotive sponge weather strips around doors, trunks and hoods. Its exceptional air and ozone resistance capabilities, combined with its compounding adaptability, result in high-performing profiles at a low cost, while sealing off water, dirt, and noise for the life of the vehicle. Over the last decade, …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 37–48 Read article
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Principal Component Analysis of Black and Brown Seeded Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Genotypes at Jimma and Bonga Southwestern Ethiopia
Abstract: Sixty-four soybean genotypes were evaluated for cluster analysis based on their morphological characters. The field experiment was carried out at Jimma and Bonga in south-western Ethiopia during the main cropping season of 2019. The experimental study was laid with simple lattice design with two replications. Data on 11 quantitative agronomic traits were gathered. For all of the examined variables, analysis of variance revealed substantial to very significant variations among genotypes. …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Crop science and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 13–17 Read article
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Harnessing Microbial and Phytoremediation Techniques for Sustainable Remediation of Heavy Metals in Black Cotton Soils
Abstract: Black cotton soils, renowned for their fertility and moisture retention capabilities, face significant challenges due to heavy metal contamination, posing threats to both agricultural productivity and environmental integrity. This review paper presents a comprehensive overview of bioremediation strategies aimed at mitigating heavy metal pollution in black cotton soils. The paper underscores the importance of addressing heavy metal (HM) contamination, emphasizing the need for exploring bioremediation techniques, as it sets the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 5, 2024 · pp. 193–201 Read article
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Ground Improvement Techniques for Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil by Using Fly Ash
Abstract: In India 22% of the geographical area is covered by expansive ‘Black Cotton Soil’. These soils are characterized by their highly swelling and shrinkage properties. In dry conditions these soils have high strength which is almost completely lost when they come in contact with water. These soils are having high degree of expansion which creates a lot of problems during the execution of work and after completion of it. Hence, …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 30–34 Read article