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369 articles for “Node”
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Challenges Beyond 100 nm MOS Devices
Abstract: MOS devices have been aggressively scaled down in research and in the production in last few years. Sub-100 nm feature size MOS circuits have been used for many. However, many serious limitations and problems emerged with such a small geometry MOSFETs are used to realize very large-scale integrated circuits. Commercial 45 nm technology node, has much higher production cost and it is one of the greatest concern for scaling down …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Methodical Strategy for STATCOMs Optimal Placement to Enhance Voltage Stability Margin Considering Circular Optimization Algorithm
Abstract: This study analyses voltage stability in the presence of STATCOM, focusing on the relationship between Voltage stability collapse and power system voltage stability. STATCOM and its optimal allocation are anticipated to enhance the voltage stability of the power system. Circular optimization algorithm is used to identify optimum sizing of STATCOM to increase voltage profile of the system. Practical simulation results are verified on IEEE 30 bus system considering multiple STATCOMs …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 14–23 Read article
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Comparison of RSA and ECC Public key Cryptography Techniques in WSN
Abstract: Nowadays, the usage of the wireless sensor networks becomes more advanced and popular. The more these technologies are increasing; there is more necessity for the security mechanisms where the networks have increased diverse. So many security mechanisms solutions are been proposed in the domain of WSN so far and mostly these solutions are usually based on the cryptographic techniques or algorithms. This paper describes two public key cryptography techniques namely, …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 28–35 Read article
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Forest Fire Detection System
Abstract: The IOT industry is rapidly growing in the current scenario. Each one of us now understands the significance of Internet of Things. At present, it is being used in almost all industries making our lives a bit easier. Forest fires have become a massive threat across the globe, causing numerous negative impacts on human habitats and forest ecosystems. Climatic changes and the greenhouse effect are among the consequences of such …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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A Reliable Low Standby Power 6T SRAM Cell
Abstract: The project introduces a low standby power 10T (LP10T) SRAM cell that focuses on achieving high read stability and write-ability while minimizing power consumption. The LP10T SRAM cell uses a robust cross-coupled design that combines a Schmitt-trigger inverter with a double-length pull-up transistor and a regular inverter with a stacking transistor. One of the key advantages of the LP10T SRAM cell is that it separates the read path from the …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 33–59 Read article
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A Review on Sybil and Sinkhole of Service Attack in VANET
Abstract: AbstractVehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is one of the forms of wireless network. VANET communication is between vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure. Vehicular Communication (VC) systems of a practical dealing signal. The safety and security are major issues to secure our network. It prevents critical information from arriving. It also increases the danger to the driver, if it has to depend on the application’s information. For example, malicious node …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 7–11 Read article
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IoT Based Smart Agriculture
Abstract: AbstractAgriculture, farming or cultivation are important occupations since the history of the human race is maintained. The word "Agriculture" represents all entities that came beneath the linear sequence of links of organic phenomenon for masses. Since humans are the smartest living species on earth, their smartness always encourages them to discover and innovate. This desire to innovate led to many inventions like the wheel, advancement in standards of living, language, …
Published in Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 7–11 Read article
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Analysis of 2-Stage Inverter Delay Line with Supply Voltage Variation
Abstract: Nowadays, the performance parameters should not affect the variation in fixed parameters like leakage current, leakage power, propagation delay, and power delay product. So this study is basically focused on the effects of changes in supply voltage (0.8–1.2V) on the various performance parameters of 2-stage inverter based delay line based on CMOS architecture. A delay line is a discrete element in digital theory, which simply allows a signal to be …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 31–35 Read article
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Stress Analysis and Deflection of Longitudinal Beam and Validate by using ANSYS
Abstract: This study investigates the deflection and stress distribution in a long, slender longitudinal beam of uniform rectangular cross section made of linear elastic material properties that are homogeneous and isotropic. The deflection of a longitudinal beam is essentially a three dimensional problem. An elastic stretching in one direction is accompanied by a compression in perpendicular directions. The beam is modeled under the action of three different loading conditions: vertical concentrated …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 4–8 Read article
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Heterogeneous Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Network using Enhanced Energy Detection and Matched Filter
Abstract: AbstractOne of the most predominant aspect in cognitive radio networks is spectrum sensing which allows a secondary user (unlicensed user) to detect the presence or absence of a primary user (licensed user). A number of sensing techniques have been proposed in the past. In order to achieve a high spectrum efficiency, the compatibility of the common spectrum detection techniques primarily used such as energy detection and matched filter are employed …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 35–42 Read article
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Identifying Black Spot Location Using GIS System in Kerbela City
Abstract: From the challenges facing the world in highway area is the life and financial loss due to traffic accidents. This is the case for Iraq because it is from the most dangerous countries in terms of traffic accidents. To reduce traffic accidents, the causes of these accidents such as; driver, vehicle and roadway should be determined. To diagnose the cause of accidents, there is an urgent need to determine the …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Structural Design of Prestressed Concrete Box Girder
Abstract: Bridge Structure is used to carry over the roadway within urban and suburban areas. A bridge structure is basically a facility that connects many busy places through a common route to reducing the traffic volume. Planning and Construction of such structure are very much important in modern times as we notice that majority of the Metropolitan Cities in India are on the verge of getting saturated due to Urbanization. The …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 8–12 Read article
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Walkability Concerns in Built Environment of NOIDA City
Abstract: Walkability has remained a cause of concern since the dawn of civilization. Its importance has risen in the present times in the vehicle dominant urban environs. Rapid urbanization and unprecedented growth of private vehicles have kept the planners focusing on constructions of roads without giving much regard to pedestrian facilities. NOIDA has come up as an industrial and economic opportunities node in 1972 resulting into immense migration and urban sprawl. …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 11–15 Read article
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Clustering based Model to Provide Defense against DDoS attacks in MANETs
Abstract: AbstractSecurity of MANETs is the part of extensive issue of research in past years. MANET is liable to DDoS attacks because of its no fixed infrastructure, changing topology, open medium, cooperative and trust-based algorithms and absence of a well-defined line of defense. DDoS attack is a synchronized attack created by attackers to overflow the target network with big quantity of information in the form of packets such that the resources …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 7–13 Read article
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Improved Performance by Using k-means Clustering in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network
Abstract: AbstractVANETs are formed by applying the principles of MANETs, in which all node, i.e., vehicles can pursue traffic law with high speed. VANETs support two types of communication: vehicle - to- vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to-infrastructure (V2I). Vehicles communicate to RSU for the exchange of keys for the security purpose and RSU communicate to Authentication Server (AS) for the formation of secret keys. But in existing work they perform nonsymmetric …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 17–24 Read article
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Comparative Study of LEACH and its Optimized Variants in Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract: AbstractTo capture sensed data from different locations, Wireless sensor network (WSN) requires large number of sensors in the monitoring area. A sensor helps in sensing and forwarding data to an application data store but due to inadequate energy, preserving the network lifetime and its operation remains a major challenge in WSN. To overcome this challenge different clustering techniques are proposed in literature. LEACH is a primitive clustering technique from which …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 60–69 Read article
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IoT-based Home Appliances: An Overview
Abstract: The internet of things (IoT), the next-generation internet, gives people a comfortable way of life by managing and interacting with remote controls for household appliances. With standards expanding primarily for wireless communication between devices and gadgets in human life, commonly referred to as things, to aim a product using the standard technology that will be useful to the lives of others, is a huge contribution to society. IoT-based home appliances …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 20–28 Read article
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A New Method for Measuring Overall Reliability and Performance in Growing Computer Networks with Static and Variable Connections
Abstract: ABSTRACTThis paper presents a computational study on the performance of reliability measures by using optimized ANN for computer networks with fixed and varying link reliabilities. This paper focus on the design of minimum cost reliable computer networks when a set of nodes, their topology, and links are given to connect them. A comparative study of various approaches for evaluating reliabilities has been studied such as Monte Carlo simulation methods and …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Research Issues and Challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Review
Abstract: AbstractAt present, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are receiving significant attention due to its vast potential. Current advancements in the communication field, computing and sensing field, have attracted many research efforts and huge investments from various quarters in WSN area. Still, there are many research issues in WSN. This paper provides an overview of various research issues and challenges of WSN.Keywords: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), sensor nodes, base station (BS), issues …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Scalable Key Management System for Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract: AbstractThis paper is about the sympathy of the probable wireless sensor networks (WSN) application; moreover because of source margins, key supervision arrangement emerges as a demanding concern for WSNs. Individual of the foremost concern when manipulating a key supervision system method, is the network scalability. Certainly, the code of behaviour must sustain a large quantity of nodes to allow a bulky scale exploitation of the network. In this paper, we …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 36–46 Read article