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893 articles for “Cost time”
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Optimizing Residential Energy Costs with PEV-based Energy Storage and Particle Swarm Optimization
Abstract: This research addresses the critical challenge of optimizing electrical energy usage amidst the increasing integration of variable renewable energy sources and the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). The core objective is to alleviate the energy cost burden for residential consumers by leveraging the capacity of Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) as an auxiliary energy source. Through innovative utilization of PEVs for both charging and discharging actions based on dynamic electricity …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 19–29 Read article
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Survey of System-on-Chip Modular Test Approach
Abstract: The advancement in semiconductor technology over the past few decades has enabled the industry to develop new design and reuse methodologies referred as System-on-chip (SoC) design. These typically integrate heterogeneous mix of various complex analog and digital cores, with all their necessary electronic circuitry. The recent advancements have led to the use of the 3D structures (3D-SOCs) that brought along the benefits of higher performance, minimum average interconnect length, reduced …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 56–70 Read article
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Factors Affecting Building Construction Tendering Costs: Studies of Saudi Arabia
Abstract: AbstractThis study is conducted to assess and rank factors affecting cost at the pre-tender stage for building construction projects in Saudi Arabia. 43 factors affecting opponent cost estimate were identified through literature review and discussion with some construction specialists. The factors were tabulated in a questionnaire form and a questionnaire survey including 32 consultants and 21 owners was performed. The study finds a strong agreement between owners and consultants in …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 26–33 Read article
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IoT-based Smart EV Level 1 Charger: A Review
Abstract: This study presents the design and development of an IoT-based smart Level 1 charger for electric vehicles. The proposed system provides an intelligent and automated charging solution that optimizes the charging process, monitors the electricity consumption, and ensures the safety of the environment and the users. The system consists of a charging station equipped with a Wi-Fi module, a microcontroller, an LCD display, and an Android mobile application for remote …
Published in International Journal of Electrical and Communication Engineering Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 14–20 Read article
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Intelligent Design Approaches in Microwave Engineering Using Machine Learning Techniques
Abstract: In microwave engineering, machine learning (ML) has become a potent technology allowing quicker design cycles, improved modelling accuracy, and automatic optimisation of complicated systems. Recent developments in the use of ML methods to microwave components and systems, including antennas, filters, and high-frequency circuits, are summarised in this study. In the framework of electromagnetic simulation, surrogate modelling, and parameter extraction, supervised and unsupervised learning algorithms are addressed. Moreover, the study looked …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 31–38 Read article
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A Review on Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot Using Spartan-3E FPGA for Sensor Fusion and Real-Time Motor Control
Abstract: Two-wheeled self-balancing robots (TWSBR) are a popular application of embedded control and robotics because they operate on the inverted pendulum concept, which is naturally unstable. The main objective of such robots is to continuously maintain balance by estimating the tilt angle and applying corrective motor action in real time. In most practical systems, low-cost inertial sensors such as accelerometers and gyroscopes are used for tilt measurement. However, accelerometer readings are …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 17–27 Read article
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A Sustainable and Green Prototyping Framework for Low-carbon and Resource-efficient Virtual Product Development
Abstract: The increasing emphasis on sustainable manufacturing has intensified the need for environmentally responsible design and development methodologies for polymer and polymer-composite materials, where material selection, processing routes, and waste generation play a critical role in overall environmental impact. This paper presents a Sustainable and Green Prototyping (SGP) framework that integrates Virtual Prototyping (VP), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and multi-objective optimization to systematically reduce carbon footprint, energy consumption, and material waste …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 459–471 Read article
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Semiring-Weighted Automata and Recursive Path Counting for Multi-State Reliability in Discrete Infrastructures
Abstract: Multi-state infrastructures such as communication backbones, microgrids, warehouse routing systems, and sensor-actuator pipelines evolve through discrete event sequences rather than through a single binary "working/failed" transition. This paper develops a semiring-weighted automata framework for reliability analysis in which state changes, repair actions, and degraded operating modes are represented by weighted transitions on a finite automaton. A path valuation is defined over an additively idempotent reliability semiring and extended to a …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 30–36 Read article
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The Role of Cost Estimation/Tendering in Engineering Projects in Nigeria
Abstract: Energy is the bedrock of development of any nations as the overall development of the economy is tied to its energy supply. Despite the potential huge deposit of energy resources in the world, adequate provision of infrastructure to raise the living standard of the people has always been denied. Energy supply contracts most times are stalled due to factors attributable to poor cost planning and failure to adopt a suitable …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 38–42 Read article
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EduTest Portal Using Java with Spring Boot
Abstract: The "EduTest Portal" is an innovative and comprehensive web-based platform developed to transform and modernize the traditional examination system. It utilizes modern technologies to provide a secure, efficient, and highly user-friendly environment for conducting online assessments. This platform is designed to overcome the common drawbacks of manual exam procedures, such as excessive paperwork, time consumption, human error in grading, and the high cost of administration. EduTest Portal offers a streamlined …
Published in Recent Trends in Programming languages · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 07–16 Read article
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Design and Development of Dual Head Filling and Crimping Machine
Abstract: Automation has changed the working scenario all over the globe. It has increased productivityand efficiency while decreasing the time needed by conventional methods. The shift towardsautomation has resulted in more production in less time. But in countries like Indiaimplementing automation in small scale industries is both complex and costly. This paperproposes a semi-automatic machine which can be used for filling and crimping operation of aperfume bottle. The idea is to …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 28–33 Read article
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AquaSential: Autonomous UAV-Based Water Quality Monitoring System
Abstract: The increasing occurrence of waterborne health risks and the presence of harmful microorganisms in freshwater environments highlight the need for rapid and continuous water quality monitoring. Traditional laboratory-based testing methods often require significant time and manual sampling, limiting their ability to provide immediate information about changing environmental conditions. This work presents AquaSential, a low-cost, portable, and UAV-ready water quality monitoring system designed for real-time assessment of freshwater bodies. The proposed …
Published in Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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AI-Driven IoT Ecosystems for Real-Time Thermo-Chemical Decision Making
Abstract: The efficient management of thermo-chemical processes is a critical challenge in modern industry, where maintaining precision, operational safety, and energy efficiency directly influences productivity and sustainability. The convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed conventional industrial systems into intelligent, data-driven environments capable of continuous monitoring, predictive analysis, and autonomous decision-making. By integrating interconnected sensors, edge computing, cloud platforms, and advanced machine learning algorithms, industries …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 10–15 Read article
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IoT and Smart Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring: Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions
Abstract: Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) plays a critical role in ensuring the safety, resilience, and sustainability of civil infrastructure systems. In recent years, the convergence of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and smart sensor systems has revolutionized the field of SHM. This integration enables continuous, real- time monitoring, facilitates predictive maintenance, and reduces the costs associated with structural inspections. IoT-based SHM frameworks leverage wireless sensor networks, cloud computing platforms, and intelligent …
Published in Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Music Reactive led using Arduino
Abstract: In recent years, the integration of technology into interactive systems has garnered significant attention. Among the many applications, music-reactive LED systems have become popular, offering dynamic visualizations that respond to audio inputs. This paper explores the development and implementation of a music-reactive LED system using Arduino, focusing on real-time audio signal processing and LED control based on the frequency spectrum of the sound. By utilizing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithms …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 27–33 Read article
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Prediction of Mechanical Properties for Advanced Engineering Applications utilizing Polymer Composite Materials by Machine Learning
Abstract: Polymer composites show great promise as engineering materials because of their mechanical performance, resistance to corrosion, lightweight nature, and adaptability in design. Aerospace, automotive, biomedical, maritime, and civil engineers all rely on mechanical property prediction to cut down on trial expenses, expedite product development, and optimize material selection. Speedy design optimization is not possible using traditional numerical and experimental methods due to the high costs associated with material characterisation, computational …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 1258–1284 Read article
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Self-Healing Structural Polymer Composites Incorporating Bio-Inspired Nanofillers
Abstract: Self-healing polymer composites become an attractive family of intelligent materials that are capable of autonomously repairing damage, which will enhance their durability, reliability and service life in extreme engineering applications. The materials are based on the principles of nature, using the nanofillers that are derived from biological systems to improve mechanical properties and self-healing capabilities by utilizing hierarchical structures and multifunctional interface interactions. The recent developments on the formulation of …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Performance Evaluation of a Tilted Single Axis Photovoltaic Tracking System under Different Weather Conditions
Abstract: AbstractExperimental studies were carried out using 37 W photovoltaic (PV) panels under different weather conditions over a prolonged duration of time to evaluate the performance of a low cost tilted single axis tracking system in comparison with a horizontal single axis tracking system and two fixed PV systems. A horizontal single axis PV panel tracker (HSAPVPT) and a tilted single axis PV panel tracker (TSAPVPT) were set up to compare …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 45–55 Read article
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Adoption of Managerial Skills for Strengthening Civil Engineering Construction and Infrastructural Development in Nigeria
Abstract: Managerial economy is vital for environmental and national development. Infrastructure development is that the basis of measuring the performance of democratic leaders and the inspiration of excellent democratic governance. This paper examined infrastructural development in Nigeria with in view of incorporating managerial skills for optimal performance. Challenges and way forward were checked for effective and efficient delivery of projects. Government has the facility to place in situ all measures that …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 14–20 Read article
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Utilization of Sugarcane Bagasse as Biopolymer Adsorbent for Arsenic (III) Removal from Aqueous Solutions
Abstract: The present study focuses on the removal of the heavy metal As(III) from aqueous solutions using the low cost adsorbent, sugarcane bagasse. The effect of contact time (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 min), adsorbent dosage (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 gm) and metal concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ppm) on the adsorption were studied and the optimum conditions were …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 30–44 Read article