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Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication Review Article

Design and Simulation of an Optical Fiber Communication System Using MATLAB

  1. Asmita Chavan Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pandharpur,
  2. Bhakti Gavali Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pandharpur,
  3. Aditi Gavali Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pandharpur,
  4. Jyoti Ghadage Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pandharpur
  5. Vaibhav Godase Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pandharpur

Abstract

Optical fiber communication is widely used for high-capacity data transmission because of its large bandwidth, low attenuation, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and support for wavelength-division multiplexing. These properties make fiber a fundamental medium in access, enterprise, submarine, and backbone networks, where high data rates, low error probability, and reliable transmission over distances ranging from buildings and campuses to metropolitan and long-haul links are required. This paper presents a MATLAB-oriented design framework for a basic intensity-modulated, direct-detection optical fiber communication system. The model includes a binary source, electrical transmitter, optical source, fiber channel, photodetector, receiver processing, and performance evaluation. Key parameters include launch power, fiber attenuation, link length, chromatic dispersion, receiver noise, signal-to- noise ratio (SNR), and bit error rate (BER). The framework is organized as a modular, staged architecture in which the source, transmitter, channel, detector, and decision stages are independently configurable, allowing impairments such as attenuation, dispersion, and noise to be added incrementally and verified separately. Four original figures and four tables explain the system architecture, analytical trends, parameter selection, and proposed evaluation experiments. A MATLAB starter script is included for a reproducible link-budget calculation, and a structured validation plan is described, including comparison with closed-form power equations, noiseless receiver testing, and benchmarking against theoretical BER curves. The plots are analytical illustrations based on stated assumptions, not results from an executed waveform-level MATLAB simulation. The paper therefore provides a transparent baseline that can be extended with realistic component data, dispersion filtering, noise generation, and bit-by-bit detection. Limitations of the simplified model are explicitly acknowledged, and directions for future waveform-level implementation and experimental validation are outlined.

Keywords

References (26)

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