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491 articles for “surface properties”
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Enhancement in Surface Properties of Magnesium Alloy after Electroless Ternary Alloy Nano Composite Coating
Abstract: AZ91 Magnesium alloys have exceptional rigidity, low density, and electromagnetic protection properties, making them ideal for usage in numerous industrial components. But Magnesium alloys specially AZ91 have a significant disadvantage in terms of corrosion and hardness, which restricts their practical uses. One of the most recent ways for improving the corrosion and hardness of Mg alloys is electro-less nano-coating. This study investigates the hardness and corrosion properties of AZ91 Magnesium …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 8–13 Read article
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Improvement of Mild Steel Surface Properties by Fly-ash + Quartz + Illmenite Composite Coating
Abstract: Plasma spray of fly-ash composite gives a stable improvement of surface properties for industrially used materials/equipments, which has become a major technological research area encompassing studies in a broad range from medical field, chemical field to ceramic field. In the present investigation, coatings are developed on mild steel substrates using fly-ash + quartz + illmenite composite (in a weight percentage ratio of 60:20:20) at various plasma torch input power levels …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 125–131 Read article
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Exploring Carbon Nanotubes in Nanotechnology: Functional Properties, Surface Modifications, and Biomedical Innovations
Abstract: Significant progress has been made in nanotechnology in recent years, especially in the creation of sensors with a broad range of uses. Among these, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are cylindrical structures composed of carbon, with diameters in the nanometer range. CNTs originate from graphite sheets, where the graphite layers resemble a rolled-up, continuous, and robust hexagonal mesh. These hexagons have carbon atoms at their vertices. The fabrication of CNTs typically involves …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 24–31 Read article
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Dependence of Adhesion Strength of Plasma Spray on Coating Surface Properties
Abstract: It is well known that thermal plasma spray coatings have diversified utilizations, but not vividly in use, mainly because of high cost of spray grade powder, for development of thick coating > 50 µm on metal substrates. Present investigation aims at depositing plasma spray coating on metals using low-cost/waste materials. A mixture of fly-ash + 20 weight percent of Quartz + 20 weight percent of illmenite is used for coating …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 57–64 Read article
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Improving Highway Surface Course Properties of Asphalt Concrete for Heavy Traffic Loading using Mineral Fillers
Abstract: Failure signs seen on both rigid and flexible pavement as distresses is most often instigated by mix properties of the surface due to many factors. Traffic loading, Stripping or raveling is another possible cause of such effects. Stripping occurs when poor adhesion between asphalt cement and aggregate allows the aggregate at the surface to dislodge. As a result, mineral fillers in hot-mix asphalt concrete to obtain certain desirable properties has …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 12–22 Read article
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Effect of Surface Modification on Properties of Kevlar/Epoxy Polymer Composites
Abstract: In this study, a high-performance Kevlar/epoxy polymer composite was prepared using a hand lay-up technique. The Kevlar fiber was treated with calcium chloride/ethanol solution (CaCl2/EtOH) to enhance the interfacial interaction between the fiber and the epoxy matrix. The optimization of fiber surface treatment and fiber content for the best tensile strength (TS) of Kevlar/epoxy polymer composite was achieved using Box-Behnken design (BBD) through response surface methodology (RSM). Three parameters: CaCl2 …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 35–46 Read article
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Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and bioinspired photonic nanomaterials have emerged as promising multifunctional platforms for a wide range of applications in optoelectronics, nanomedicine, biosensing, fluorescence imaging, and photodynamic therapy. CQDs are nanoscale carbon-based materials characterized by unique optical and electronic properties, including size-dependent photoluminescence, high photostability, excellent water solubility, low cytotoxicity, and remarkable biocompatibility. These characteristics make them attractive alternatives to conventional semiconductor quantum dots for both technological and biomedical applications. Inspired by natural photonic systems such as photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes, rhodopsin-based photoreceptors, butterfly wings, and bioluminescent organisms, researchers have developed advanced nanostructures capable of efficient photon capture, energy transfer, and photoinduced charge separation. Recent advances in synthesis techniques, including hydrothermal, solvothermal, microwave-assisted, and green synthesis approaches, have enabled precise control over the size, surface chemistry, and optical properties of CQDs. Functionalization and heteroatom doping further enhance their photophysical performance and application versatility. In optoelectronics, CQDs have been incorporated into photodetectors, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and flexible electronic devices due to their tunable emission characteristics and efficient charge transport properties. In the biomedical field, CQDs are increasingly utilized for targeted drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, and photodynamic therapy because of their excellent fluorescence behavior and biological compatibility. Furthermore, bioinspired photonic nanomaterials are being explored for artificial photosynthesis and sustainable energy conversion systems, where efficient light harvesting and electron transfer are critical. This review highlights recent developments in the synthesis, photophysical properties, and multifunctional applications of CQDs and related bioinspired photonic nanomaterials, while discussing current challenges and future opportunities for the development of intelligent nanophotonic and bioelectronic technologies.
Abstract: Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and bioinspired photonic nanomaterials have emerged as promising multifunctional platforms for a wide range of applications in optoelectronics, nanomedicine, biosensing, fluorescence imaging, and photodynamic therapy. CQDs are nanoscale carbon-based materials characterized by unique optical and electronic properties, including size-dependent photoluminescence, high photostability, excellent water solubility, low cytotoxicity, and remarkable biocompatibility. These characteristics make them attractive alternatives to conventional semiconductor quantum dots for both technological and biomedical …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 16–24 Read article
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Structural, Optical, Surface, and Gas-Sensing Properties of rGO/Sn1–xZnxO₂ Nanocomposites
Abstract: rGO/Sn₁–ₓZnₓO₂ nanocomposites with x = 0.00–0.75 were synthesized by sol–gel auto-combustion followed by wet impregnation with reduced graphene oxide. The adopted synthesis route enabled homogeneous Zn incorporation into the SnO₂ matrix and uniform distribution of rGO, leading to improved structural integrity and interfacial contact between the two components. XRD confirmed a dominant tetragonal cassiterite SnO₂ structure, while FTIR, FESEM, EDS, UV–visible, and BET analyses verified oxide–rGO coupling, Zn-dependent structural modification, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 429–452 Read article
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Dispersion Analysis of Polypyrrole and ZnO Nanocomposite Thin Film using SPR Techniques
Abstract: The dispersion analysis of any material is crucial for studying its structure and composition. The interaction of the structure of the material with electromagnetic energy is also determined by studying its dielectric or optical properties. For studying dielectric properties, optical approaches are favored over electrical techniques, and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is the most suited of all techniques. It is used as a result to investigate the optical and dielectric …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 79–85 Read article
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Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Lignocellulosic Fiber from Calotropis gigantea Stem Fiber for Thermoplastic Composites
Abstract: In the current article, Calotropis gigantea fiber mat (CGM)/thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) strengthened non-woven unidirectional composites were successfully manufactured by hot compression molding using the film piling method. Micromechanical and physicomechanical properties such as tensile, flexural, compressive, impact properties, thickness, swelling, and water absorption of CGM/PP composites were evaluated for the effects of CGF composition, mercerization of CGF as well as the inclusion of two types of coupling agents (vinyltriethoxysilane and …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 15–33 Read article
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Exploring the Influence of SS 316L Nanoparticle Integration on the Flexural Strength of PMMA
Abstract: In the present study, a nano composite PMMA was prepared with the help of hot plate magnetic stirring and probe sonication at different loading conditions of nano sized reinforcement material SS 316L. In order to study the effect of independent factors (the amount of reinforcement material, stirring speed, and sonication time) on response variable (flexural strength), the central composite experimental design of response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized. The analysis …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 75–83 Read article
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Improving the Mechanical and Interfacial Properties of Bhendi Fiber via Chemical Surface Treatments
Abstract: Because of its primary benefits—moderate strength and stiffness, low cost, and being a renewable, degradable, and ecologically friendly material—natural fibers are believed to have potential use as reinforcing agents in polymer composite materials. Due to their inherent hydrophilicity, they have a tendency to retain moisture, which can impair or soften the fibers' adhesion to the surrounding matrix. This can have an impact on the performance of composite materials used in …
Published in International Journal of Advance in Molecular Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 22–32 Read article
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Harnessing Marine Byproducts and Optimization of Biopolymer Extraction Quality Using Response Surface Methodology and Study of Its Physicochemical Properties
Abstract: Chitosan, a versatile biopolymer derived from chitin, holds immense potential across various industries owing to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and biocompatible properties. This study aims to optimize the deacetylation process of chitin, sourced from shrimp shells, using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to produce high-quality chitosan. The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was employed to evaluate the effects of temperature, time, and alkali concentration on the degree of deacetylation (DD%), a key determinant of …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 125–139 Read article
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Contact Stress Analysis of Needle Roller Bearing Used in Synchromesh Gear Box
Abstract: The optimum selection of a bearing generally depends on particular application such as to transfer loads between the rotating and stationary members, and to permit free rotation. From among the wide range of bearings available in the market today has various considerations, such as the load-carrying capacity, the life of the bearing, and the working rotational speed need to be considered before a suitable bearing can be selected. Here for …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 5–20 Read article
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Effect of Surface Pore Filling and Adhesive Joining on Energy Absorption of Closed Cell Aluminum Foam
Abstract: The joining of aluminum foam is explored in this paper. Foam specimens were sectioned and joined with commercially available adhesive and tested for its energy absorption capability against a normal foam specimen. There was a decrease in the plateau stress but the decrease is not significant. The effect of surface pore filling by the adhesive was also realized. It was found that the adhesive in the surface cells introduces constraints …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 117–124 Read article
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Mechanical Properties and Temperature distributionofHard Facingof SS-304 steelby using SAW
Abstract: Surface engineering is a multidiscipline activity aimed at tailoring the properties or surfaces of engineering materials to improve their function or service life. Mostly; as applied to metals, surface engineering includes processes; such as plating, diffusion treatment, physical and chemical vapor deposition, ion implantation, thermal spray coatings, selective hardening, hard facing, and a variety of less-used and proprietary processes. However; these processes will be described briefly and it will be …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 18–29 Read article
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A Compact Review on Physical Vapor Deposition Techniques of Thin Films
Abstract: The effectiveness and performance of a material is greatly influenced by its surface properties. It is possible to manipulate and alter these surface characteristics to satisfy the particular characteristics for better results. One way of modifying these properties is by coating that particular surface with thin film. There exist wide number of methodologies for coating a surface or depositing thin films over it. These techniques can be categorized either as …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 9–17 Read article
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A Study on adsorption of Phenol red dye and Chromium (VI) metal ion using activated carbon derived from Lantana camara with the activation of potassium hydroxide.
Abstract: Commercial activated carbons are expensive to produce and regenerate, it is essential to produce activatedcarbon using low-cost raw materials and methods. This study's goal is to demonstrate the possible adsorptionproperties of activated carbon made from Lantana camara for the removal of dyes and metal ions fromaqueous solutions. In this study, activated carbon from Lantana camara stems was obtained through a one-step chemical activation procedure using potassium hydroxide KOH. The surface …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Effect of Spray Pyrolysis on the Properties of Chemically Sprayed CuO:Al Thin Films
Abstract: AbstractCuO:Al thin films were grown from 50 ml of spray solution on glass substrates by chemical spray at Ts=400°C using solution spray doping percentages of 0, 4, 5 and 6%. Copper acetate and aluminium chloride were used as Cu and Al sources, respectively. Independent of solution spray rate, the crystallites in CuO:Al films grow preferentially in the (201) plane, parallel to the substrates. The spray pyrolysis solution are using different …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Surface Engineering of Materials: A Review Based on Applications
Abstract: Surface characteristics of material play an important role for various applications. Like, there are many applications of the polymeric membranes in the fields of biomedical, filtration, food processing from the past few decades. But various problems have been faced in their applications due to bacterial and non-bacterial contamination on the surfaces. Many researchers have investigated the surface chemistry and roughness of the membranes to identify their properties and the difficulties …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 45–56 Read article