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259 articles for “agar-agar”
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THE FACTORS THAT SHOULD INFLUENCE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMS ACROSS THE GLOBE
Abstract: World is in a state of a long fight with poverty since technology advancement’s and automation came into existence, various policies and poverty alleviation programs mutually by many of the governing governments and policymakers have been put in place with the goal to eradicate poverty which however they have not yielded the expected result. The goal of this qualitative study was to investigate the claim by beneficiaries & policy lawmakers …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Job Shop and Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problems: Heuristic Optimization
Abstract: The development of modern wide-area engineering problems, as well as recent trends towards the creation of sustainable engineering systems for daily objectives have given birth to complex studies addressing technical, but also economical and environmental, aspects related to simple or multi-objective optimization problems. Recently, heuristic and (meta) heuristic approachesthat apply combinations of different heuristics with or without traditional search and optimization techniques were proposed to solve such problems. This paper …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 25–31 Read article
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New ERA of Education: Virtual Learning Environment
Abstract: Modern methods in order to improve the effectiveness of the education will be discussed, including the advantages, disadvantages, and use of the virtual learning environment (VLE). Information technology transfigure the economic world structure. It also provides a new learning and development opportunities in which well-trained workforce is needed. In the existence of a VLE, it can be a radical change of the existing aspects of the learning and interaction between …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 32–37 Read article
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Which is the Best 10T Static CMOS Full Adder for Ultralow-Power Applications?
Abstract: This paper presents the analysis of various 10-transistor CMOS 1-bit full adder circuits in terms of their output levels and finds out the suitable adder cell at 200 mV in subthreshold region at 16-nm technology node for ultra-low power applications. This paper also provides worst case output levels (sum and carry) of all the analyzed adder cells (which are presented in the paper) for various input combinations.Keywords: CMOS, carry, 2:1 …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 45–50 Read article
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A New Sub-1 Volt Reference for Low Voltage Application Based on MOSFET’s Threshold Voltage Extractor
Abstract: A CMOS voltage reference circuit featuring MOS transistors threshold voltage extractor has been developed. The circuit implemented using 0.35µm CMOS AMS process generates a reference of 574 mV for a power supply of 3.3V with 726µW power consumption. The circuit presents a variation of 43 ppm/ºC for the –10 to –110ºC temperature, and 18.6 dB PSRR at 1 KHz. A vital analytical approach is presented to provide a universal design …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2013 · pp. 14–19 Read article
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Technology Limits on Differential Gain and Unity-gain Bandwidth of a Differential Amplifier: A Theoretical Analysis
Abstract: The limiting relationship between differential dc voltage gain and unity-gain bandwidth of an externally unloaded differential amplifier have been explored. It has been observed that the product of differential dc voltage gain and unity-gain bandwidth of a differential amplifier has an upper limit which is a technology constant. Keywords: Technology limits, differential amplifier
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 118–124 Read article
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Comparative Analysis of Partial Product Addition in Vedic Urdhva Tiryakbhyam Multiplier
Abstract: Multiplication is one of important operations performed in many digital signal processing applications. Hence the performance of the multiplier will affect the overall performance of the DSP processor. The methods like booth multiplier, and array multiplier are used. Vedic multiplication technique had proved its importance in getting the speed of multiplication. It is required to add the generated partial products quickly, to generate the result of multiplication faster. To add …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 15–32 Read article
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High Mechanical and Fracture Strength SCC Using ChoppedFiber
Abstract: In this article, the development of Self Compacting Concrete is progressive point of interest in the historical backdrop of development industry bringing about overwhelming utilization of SCC worldwide are explained. It has numerous benefits over typical cement regarding improvement in efficiency, lessening in labor and general cost, fantastic completed item with great mechanical reaction and durability. The fibers utilized as a part of the examination are 12 mm since quite …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 41–43 Read article
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Sustainability of PPP Infrastructure Projects: Lessons from the Indian Experience
Abstract: Though the development of infrastructure projects either through private investment in case of public-private partnership (PPP) or using general funding, leads to the promotion of sustainable development (SD), but on account of giving more emphasis on the business interests of private sector there is the tendency of financial aspect taking precedence over the social and environmental aspects of sustainability. As a result, the infrastructure development through PPP route exhibits concerns …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Fiber-Reinforced Cement Mortar for Brick Masonry
Abstract: Masonry construction has some advantages in comparison to reinforced concrete and steel construction. Masonry buildings are widely used for housing construction not only in India but in many parts of the world. These advantages are thermal comfort, sound control, possibility of addition and alterations after construction, less form work, easy and inexpensive repair, use of locally available material, need of less skilled labor and less engineering intervention, etc. Seismic resistance …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 7–10 Read article
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Enhancing Concrete Strength: Investigating the Impact of Glass Fines on Mechanical Properties
Abstract: The global emission of CO2 from cement industries poses a significant environmental challenge, being a primary contributor to environmental issues. Numerous researchers have explored alternative cementitious materials to formulate robust and long-lasting concrete. This study focuses on utilizing waste glass powder (GlP), derived from rejected soda-lime glass bottles collected from various sources, for experimental purposes. The laboratory experiments investigate the behavior of concrete incorporating glass as a partial substitute for …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 15–23 Read article
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Smart Precision Agriculture using Wireless Sensor Network and IoT
Abstract: This study presents wireless irrigation and plant disease detection system. This system aims toreduce the manual work for the farmer by incorporating wireless technology to ensure theefficiency. The entire system consists of Wireless Sensor Node Units and a WirelessInformation Unit. Each sensor node is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor, asoil moisture sensor and a microcontroller to measure the sensor data values. In addition tothese sensors, we have used …
Published in Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 8–13 Read article
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Topology, Operation and Control of Modular Multilevel Converter for Grid Application: A Review
Abstract: Modular multilevel converter (MMC) is a widely accepted technology for high voltage direct-current (HVDC) application. Due to its modularity, scalability, power quality, and no need of bulky filter on ac side, they are widely used as voltage source converters in HVDC applications. This paper presents a comprehensive study on MMC technology for grid applications along with different modulation techniques and voltage balancing strategies which are essential for the converter to …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 25–47 Read article
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A Review on Growth of Renewable Energy Sources
Abstract: The increasing population need to complete their requirement of energy. The extensive use of energy can’t be decline. It is our basic need to survive in the world. The classification of energy sources is renewable and non-renewable. Renewable energy is a flow of energy in the nature repeatedly for a long time or is endless, like the sun. The motive of renewable energy is to making strategies for sustainable development. …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 24–31 Read article
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Review Paper for Drives used in Electrical Vehicle (EV) and Hybrid Electrical Vehicles (HEV)
Abstract: The pollution of environment is increasing due a very large numbers of conventional vehicles present today. To reduce pollution the electric and hybrid electric vehicle are very beneficial. As the decade of low cost fuel is coming to an end the electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle is a good alternative to the conventional vehicles. These electric vehicles are driven by an electric motor may be AC or OC fed …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 23–27 Read article
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IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION ON ENVIRONMENT
Abstract: In this present study, major effect of transportation on environment is investigated. The work is performed in order to find influence of transportation on rural, urban community and ecosystem globally. As per recent survey according to GOI, significant had been increased in vehicle all over India. It had been seen that rate of increase of vehicles day by day is proportional to level of pollution. There is no effective substitute …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 23–26 Read article
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UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL WASTE MATERIALS IN SOIL STABILIZATION OF RURAL ROADS: A REVIEW
Abstract: In India, the growth of rural sector directly depends on the road connectivity, which provides the platform and sustainability for economic activities in rural areas. However, difficult topography and unstable geology make the rural road constructions hard. Therefore, the locally available waste materials can be utilized to improve the soil characteristics and can promote the low cost road construction. The present Study is aimed to review the improvement of engineering …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 40–44 Read article
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A Basic Framework for Evaluation of Rural Road Network Conditions
Abstract: Evaluation of rural road condition has been extensively used as an effective means to support decision-making on investment and management of rural road in both developed and developing countries. Distresses in the form of surface defects, cracks, deformation, disintegration, are common on rural roads. Rural roads must be maintained to provide safe, efficient fast and economic vehicle operations. Evaluation of conditions is recognized as essential requirements for effective maintenance management …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 17–22 Read article
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Role of Street Lighting for keeping us Safe
Abstract: Street lighting gives us the ability to be able to see in the dark on roads. Lighting reduces crime and traffic accidents by a considerable amount. Therefore, for these reasons, it is necessary to have adequate street lighting. This study presents number of benefits to street lighting. It can be used to promote security in urban areas and to increase the quality of life by artificially extending the hours in …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 31–37 Read article
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COVID-19 Impacts on Agriculture and Food Security
Abstract: COVID-19 and lockdown originally had the effect that the shift in demand curve to the left resulted in "leveling off" the prices of agricultural produce. The reason for this was not the lack of demand due to rising prices. The reason for this was that due to their consumption being limited to homes and lack of workers, most companies were forced to reduce production in their factories. The coronavirus pandemic …
Published in Current Trends in Information Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 1–6 Read article