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95 articles for “line feed”
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Comparison of RSM and ANN Modeling Approaches in Predicting the Laser Phase Transformation Hardening Parameters on the Heat Input and Hardened-Bead Profile Quality of Unalloyed Titanium
Abstract: In the present work, laser transformation hardening (LTH) of unalloyed titanium, nearer to ASTM Grade 3 of chemical composition was investigated using CW 2kW, Nd: YAG laser. The laser process variables such as laser power, scanning speed, and focused position play a major role in deciding the laser hardened bead quality. Two methods, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were used to predict the heat input and …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 36–59 Read article
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Automated Evaluation of Descriptive Answers
Abstract: This paper offers a smarter system of automatic evaluation of descriptive responses in educational tests. The time-consuming aspect of testing with traditional manual marking, the subjectivity of that process, and the impossibility of scaling it makes it inapplicable, particularly to large academic environments. To resolve the issues, the proposed solution combines the methods of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and hybrid image-text processing on the responses of handwriting and typed answers. …
Published in Emerging Trends in Languages · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Optical Character Recognition Using Back Propagation Neural Network
Abstract: This paper represents an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based approach for the recognition of English characters using feed-forward neural network. Noise has been considered as one of the major issues that degrades the performance of character recognition system. Our feed forward network has one input, one hidden, and one output layer. The entire recognition system is divided into two sections, namely training and recognition section. Both the sections include image acquisition, …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 11–18 Read article
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IoT-Based Motor Protection and Control System Using PLC and ESP8266
Abstract: Because of their straightforward design and affordable price, single-phase induction motors are frequently utilized in residential and small-scale industrial settings. However, conventional direct-on-line (DOL) control provides fixed-speed operation and offers limited protection against thermal overload and fault conditions. This article describes the design and implementation of an ESP8266 Node MCU-based PLC- based closed-loop motor control system with Internet of Things features. To increase operating flexibility and maintenance efficiency, the suggested …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power and Machine Systems · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 54–62 Read article
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A Review: Distortion Control in 20MnMoNi55 Material Using GTAW and SAW Process
Abstract: Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) is high quality and high precision welding process which is suitable for welding thin metals. Inert gases such as helium and argon, carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc. are used as shielding gases to prevent the weld bead from air, dust and other contaminations in welding. There are so many welding process parameters affecting the weld quality in GTAW. Important process parameters which mainly affect the weld …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 34–38 Read article
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Performance Evaluation and Operation of DSP Control UPS System
Abstract: An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a power controller that gives emergency electricity to a load when the mains energy fails. In on-line UPS, the load is always connected to the inverter though the UPS static switch. Specialized expertise is required for collection, analysis, and dissemination of technical information relating to high quality uninterruptible power systems. Inherent in these responsibilities is the coordination of technical and contractual matters relating to …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Design and Evaluation of High Bandwidth Micro-strip Patch Antenna Arrays for WLAN Applications
Abstract: Micro-strip antennas are preferred to WLAN applications because of their low profile, light weight and low power handling capacity. In this paper, micro-strip patch antenna (MSPA) arrays are designed and analyzed. The target frequency range is at S-band with frequencies that range from 2 to 4 GHz. Antenna arrays are explored to achieve higher gain and improved bandwidth (BW). The key parameters to obtain this goal are antenna dimensions such …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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An Interline Dynamic Voltage Restorer (IDVR) to Mitigate Voltage Sags
Abstract: Nonlinear load are the vast source for voltage sags. Loads such as arc furnace, large variable frequency drives (VFD) Voltage interruptions can cause severe economic loss to the power system. To protect sensitive loads at the consumer side generally a DVR (dynamic voltage restorer) can be used. DVR is connected in series with the line by injection transformer and it is generally located at the distribution side. DVR is basically …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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A Novel Approach to Design Underground Fault Locator in Power Cable
Abstract: AbstractIt is very difficult to find the exact location of cable fault in underground cables; generally, these problems occur in metropolitan cities. A large amount of money is invested in digging the earth. This problem leads to design this project to find out the exact location of the error occurs in the underground cables from the side of the feeder and liquid crystal display show the distance in kilometer and …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 31–35 Read article
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Process Parameters Optimization for Ammonia Decomposition up to 99% in Coke Oven Plants
Abstract: Catalytic ammonia decomposition is carried out in the byproduct-plant of Coke Oven-3. This process is picking up due to its ability to decompose the ammonia recovered from coke oven gas. Because of the corrosive nature of ammonia, its removal is a necessity in coke oven byproduct plants. The process begins with the ammonia vapors coming from the ammonia distillation column. The vapors from the distillation unit flow into a refractory-lined …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2012 · pp. 30–36 Read article
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Optimization of Machining Parameters for Minimum Surface Roughness Indicators during the Turning of AISI 316 L Stainless Steel
Abstract: Turning is the most common process associated with the production of cylindrical shapes because of its simplicity, rapidity and economy. However, it is one of the most complex cutting processes. Turning is considered to be a complementary process of other more important processes, and yet 70% of the generated chip comes from this cutting technique. Quality plays important role in manufacturing industry. In on-line quality control, controller is provided with …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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Grid-Connected Wind-Solar Hybrid System Analysis Using ETAP
Abstract: The Increasing integration of renewable energy sources in practice needs a thorough electrical performance assessment to guarantee reliable and stable operation of grid system. This work focuses on the modeling, simulation, and steady-state performance analysis of grid-connected wind-solar hybrid system through ETAP 19.0.1C. The suggested configuration is composed of 34.5 kV utility grid, eight units of wind turbine generators whose total installed capacity is 2.55 MW, six photovoltaic arrays, one …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power and Machine Systems · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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An Innovative Approach of the Analysis of the Low Noise of a CMOS-Based Amplifier for Analog Signal-based Applications
Abstract: A low-noise amplifier (LNA), which is based on the cascode feedback methodology, has been commonly used for various wireless protocol-based network applications nowadays. It is so because this topology ensures that the low-noise amplifier (LNA) can achieve quite a high performance and thus, provides a high qualitative output. This amplifier is operated with a low voltage supply in the range of few volts that requires that the impedances of the …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 7–15 Read article
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Effects of a Unani Polyherbal Formulation, Itrifal Mulayyan, on First and Second Degree Internal Haemorrhoids
Abstract: Background: Haemorrhoids are dilatation and tortuosity of anorectal vessels. Haemorrhoids above dentate line are called internal haemorrhoids and those below are called external haemorrhoids. These are caused mainly due to constipation. In 1st degree haemorrhoids, there is bleeding per rectum; in 2nd degree haemorrhoids along with bleeding there is prolapse of pile mass which reduces spontaneously. First- and second-degree haemorrhoids are the initial stages of internal haemorrhoids. If treatment is …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 18–22 Read article
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Xenopsylla cheopis and Plague: Biology, Transmission, and Control
Abstract: Xenopsylla cheopis, the oriental rat flea, remains the most important vector of Yersinia pestis in classical rodent–flea–human plague cycles. Its biology is tightly adapted to commensal rats, especially Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus, whose nests provide microhabitats that support all pre adult stages and favour persistent flea populations near humans. The flea’s holometabolous life cycle, including the capacity for prolonged pupal quiescence and opportunistic host-seeking by adults, underpins its ability …
Published in International Journal of Insects · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 Read article