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131 articles for “ITER”
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Artificial intelligence-integrated nanobiotechnology for precision medicine, smart diagnostics, and sustainable environmental applications
Abstract: Background: Nanobiotechnology integrates nanoscale materials with biological systems, enabling breakthroughs in drug delivery, biosensing, and environmental monitoring. However, the complexity of biological interactions and the vast parameter space of nano‑bio interfaces limit conventional design. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers powerful tools for modelling, predicting, and optimising these systems.Objective: This review provides a systematic, STM‑compliant overview of AI‑integrated nanobiotechnology across three domains: precision medicine (AI‑optimised nanocarriers, personalised therapeutics), smart diagnostics (AI‑powered nano‑biosensors, …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 28, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Linear Programming for Profit Optimization in Small-Scale Manufacturing: A Python-Based Simplex and Machine Learning Approach
Abstract: Profit maximization under resource constraints is a classic challenge. Small manufacturers face tight margins and scarce capital every day. This paper tackles that problem using four Python-based methods. The case study is Bintang Bakery in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. The bakery makes three bread types and faces 18 resource constraints. Data comes from Anggoro et al. Methods tested include LP revised simplex, Differential Evolution, PSO, and ANN Surrogate. General-purpose scipy minimizers …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Statistics · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 01–11 Read article
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Improving the Brake Efficiency of Racing Vehicle
Abstract: Aim of our project is to increase the efficiency of disc brake by doing various iterations on the disc size, brake pad material and brake oil. This project is strictly concern with disc brake of bike. At vehicles technical inspection stations, the braking system of a load-carrying vehicle is tested when the vehicle is free of any load; however, such tests do not reflect the operation of the brakes in …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 7–10 Read article
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LIFESAVER, Modified Version of an Ambulance
Abstract: LIFE SAVER’ is a modern iteration of a conventional ambulance with crucial medical equipment that can be vital to save the patient during a critical condition. This paper mainly focus on the exterior design of the conventional ambulance to use its more space for better treatment. The conventional ambulance has its basic exterior structure, in LIFESAVER ,the size and shape of exterior part is use and remodified in such a …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 20–24 Read article
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Effect of Geometry, Material and Blank Holder Force on Formability of BIW parts
Abstract: The major constituent of any car body consists of about 400 sheet metal stamped parts. Geometry and material of these parts is not uniform. In order to design these parts for any car, it is essential to know how these parts are manufactured. During our study of the manufacturing processes of these parts, we found that the part designs are repeatedly sent back to the body design team for change …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 29–37 Read article
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Design and Fabrication of Electric Car Jack
Abstract: Humans have always been enthralled by new scientific discoveries and technological advancements. The desire to produce something better in order to address the shortcomings of the prior iteration paved the path for ever-increasing technological demands. The automobile industry is another industry where new ideas or inventions are proposed on a daily basis to aid the industry's growth in all ways possible. With new innovations comes the obligation of constantly monitoring …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 29–32 Read article
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Planning for Optimum Maintenance Cost in Water Treatment Plants in Baghdad
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to develop model to reach breakeven point between periodicplanned maintenance and emergency maintenance. Hence, intensifying periodic maintenance wouldlead to cost increased, accordingly the emergency maintenance should decreased and visa verse. Theeffect of this intensifying periodic maintenance on emergency maintenance is to be determined usingsimulation model based on data collected for 8 working water treatment plants. Many attempts havebeen seen to reach this point …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 23–33 Read article
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Analysis of Proposed Diagrid Geometry Using Golden Ratio in Non-linear Regime of Material
Abstract: Lateral loads are critical in the design of high-rise structures. The buildings need to have high stiffness and must be able to resist lateral deformations and torsional rotations without having discomfort to the user. Diagrid structural system is one of the systems used in resisting lateral forces. In this study, diagrid geometry is generated using the ‘Golden Ratio’ concept and used to model 40, 50, and 60 story structures. Two …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Enhanced Genetic Algorithm Applied for Image Denoising Problem
Abstract: This research introduces a new approach to restoring an image disrupted by salt and pepper (SPN) noise using a genetic algorithm (GA) at all densities, called Enhanced GA (EGA). The key contribution of the proposed algorithm is to merge the genetic algorithm with imaging approaches that are embedded into the population in order to achieve rapid convergence. The concept is to turn a group of entities into a variety of …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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A Hexagonal Sierpinski Gasket Antenna with a Microstrip Feed Line and a Stub for UWB Applications
Abstract: In this paper a Sierpinski gasket hexagonal antenna is proposed with a feed line having a stub attached to it. Three iterations of the proposed antenna geometry were done and with this improved feeding technique for four resonant bands of operation from 2.86 to 3.3 GHz, 3.758–4.313 GHz, 7.514–8.5468 GHz and 12.352–10.976 GHz were obtained. The antenna is suitable for ultra wideband (UWB) and radiolocation applications. The proposed antenna was …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 14–18 Read article
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A Novel High Gain Cavity Backed Micro Strip-Fed Circular Triangular Corner Fractal Antenna for UWB Applications
Abstract: In the current article, a novel micro strip-fed circular triangular corner fractal unidirectional antenna with high gain is proposed for ultra wideband (UWB) applications. This antenna consists of circular patch with triangular slot with three iterations. A prototype of antenna has been designed on FR4 substrate having dielectric constant 4.4 and thickness 1.6 mm. This reference antenna is then placed in a cavity made up of FR4 having thickness same …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 19–24 Read article
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Design a Rectangular Spiral Microstrip Multi-band Antenna
Abstract: This paper presents a rectangular spiral microstrip antenna operate in multi-band between the frequency ranges of 0.5–5.0 GHz. The proposed rectangular spiral microstrip antenna will be light weight, flexible, slim and compact unit compare with current antenna used in these bands. The paper also presents the detail steps of designing the rectangular spiral microstrip antenna and at different iteration level. This paper is also present how to increase no of …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 15–23 Read article
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Modification in Heat Sink Design to Improve its Heat Dissipation Capacity for Current CPU Design
Abstract: AbstractElectronic equipment plays an important role in day-to-day life. Almost every object or equipment or machine uses electronic components to complete its task. For electronic component to work it needs electric current to flow through the circuits. And hence they become main reason of excessive heating. Continued shrinking of electronic systems has resulted in a histrionic increase in the amount of heat generated per unit volume. Air cooling with the …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Reducing the Uncertainty of Marine Accidents Failure Rate in Harsh Environment; Using Bayesian Theory
Abstract: The interest in arctic activities is strong, but has not led to significant quantifying analysis over the fact of finding rescannable failure rate. To attract investors and promote the development of a marine industry, a clear concept of project risk is paramount; in particular, issues relating to human role in operation are critical. In the public domain, reliability of information is often scarce or inappropriate for such environment. Also, an …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 30–39 Read article
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Side Lobe Reduction using Bacterial Foraging Optimization
Abstract: AbstractTo meet the need for long-distance communication, the directive characteristics and radiation pattern of the antenna must be improved. By arranging the antenna elements in an electrical or geometric pattern, such that the radiated energy of the radiation elements vector added in the desired direction of propagation and canceled in the unwanted direction, results in a better-designed antenna array. The elements of the antenna array may be uniformly or non-uniformly …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 7–15 Read article
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Survey on Fractal Microstrip Antenna for Multiband 5G Application
Abstract: In the paper, a two-iteration fractal structure antenna—based on the advantages of fractal geometry and incorporating the principles of conventional microstrip antenna design and resonant coupling technique—is studied for third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), fifth generation (5G), WLAN, and Bluetooth wireless applications. Antenna radiators were shown to have a fractal structure, much like a tree in the wild. The length of the radiator in a limited space can be …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 16–22 Read article
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH IN NOBAKE SAND
Abstract: No bake molds are expendable sand molds, similar to typical sand moulds, except they also contain a quick-setting liquid resin and catalyst. In no bake molding process the moulding sand is poured into the flask and held until the resin solidifies, which occurs at room temperature. It is called as a cold-setting process, as there is no heat involved in it. As a result of this molding process, mold produced …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 18–22 Read article
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A Novel Register Minimization Technique for Efficient Implementation of BLMS Filter
Abstract: Purpose: This paper presents a novel register minimization technique for the BLMS filter. The purpose is to reduce the number of registers leading to reduction in hardware resource used for BLMS filter and thus reducing the complexity. Design/Methodology/Approach: In the BLMS filter due to substantial number of register and hardware resource, Strassen’s algorithms are used to minimize the registers. Strassen’s algorithm is used for the matrix multiplication in the BLMS …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 18–31 Read article
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Comparative Study of Torque Ripple Minimization of PMSM using PI and Proportional Resonant (PI-RES) Controller
Abstract: The minimization of speed ripple of the permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) in low speed range becomes a major problem while applying the PMSM to refrigerant system. Earlier, an iterative learning controller was applied in conjunction with the conventional proportional integral (PI) speed controller to minimize the speed ripple. Here, a frequency variable resonance controller is applied in conjunction with the conventional proportional integral speed controller as a PI-RES controller, …
Published in Journal of Power Electronics and Power Systems · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 17–23 Read article
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Available Transfer Capability (ATC) under Deregulated Environment
Abstract: The structure of the power industry is moving towards deregulated environment from the regulatory environment (monopoly). With deregulation taking place in the power industry, it introduces a more competitive environment in terms of free choice of suppliers for the trading of electricity. Monopolies of an industry will lead to a poor performance from the sector as there are no competitions for the sole company to strive for improvement. It will …
Published in Journal of Power Electronics and Power Systems · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 85–88 Read article