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847 articles for “estimate”
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Glutathione: Postoperative Study in Breast Carcinoma
Abstract: Breast cancer represents a significant problem in the world. Glutathione a tripeptide is found in all mammalian tissues. Thus any change in its synthesis or utilization can profoundly influence the redox status of cells. In this study blood sample was collected from 60 FNAC confirmed breast cancer patients (preoperative and postoperative three months) and 30 normal healthy controls for the estimation of glutathione. There was significant increase in glutathione in …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 3–6 Read article
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Knowledge and Understanding about Cervical Carcinoma, Risk Factors and Prevention among Rural Women in Pandiruppu, and Maruthamunai Area, Ampara District of Sri Lanka: A Survey
Abstract: Cervical carcinoma has been regarded as the second most common form of cancer among women after breast and colorectal cancer. In Sri Lanka the second most common causes of deaths due to cancer among women is cervical carcinoma. According to the report of Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka in 2007, the estimated number of cervical carcinoma cases was 732. Awareness about cervical carcinoma and its prevention is quite less amongst …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Practice of Breast Self-Examination among Female Health Care Professionals in Maichew Town Health Facilities, Tigray, Ethiopia: Institution Based Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract: Breast cancer is among the major life-threatening public health concerns and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Breast self-exam (BSE) is commendation for all women starting in their 20s to know how their breasts normally look and feel like and to notice any changes occur. They should be told about its benefits and limitations too. It is an important procedure in the early detection of breast cancer. It is estimated that …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 30–37 Read article
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Iron Deficiency Anemia: From Historical Background to Management—A Review
Abstract: The word anemia comes from the ancient Greek word άναιμία, anaimia, meaning ‘lack of blood’. Simply, anemia means a decrease in the total amount of hemoglobin (Hb) or the number of red blood cells (RBCs). Anemia remains a widespread public health problem with major consequences on human health as well as social and economic development. Globally, the most significant contributor to the onset of anemia is iron deficiency (ID) so …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 29–40 Read article
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Current Tumour Immunotherapy strategies and their molecular basis
Abstract: AbstractStudying cancer and devising techniques to combat the deadly disease has witnessed a paradigm shift, from conventional toxic treatments of radiation and chemotherapy, to a more specific, and biologically significant immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy. This can be seen in the global immunotherapy market, which is dominated by North America region valued about $45.9 billion in 2017 that is estimated to reach about $115.9 billion by 2025, and is closely …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 1–18 Read article
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Immunology and Immunotherapy of Pulmonary adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review
Abstract: Lung cancer is the world's second leading cause of death, with an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Approximately 80% of all lung cancer is caused by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Due to lack of early detection and treatment, the incidence rate of lung cancer prognosis remains low. CD4+T-lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells are among the immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. The …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 15–25 Read article
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Extrapolations of Periwinkle Secondary Metabolites as Multitarget Inhibitor of Breast Cancer Proteins
Abstract: Objective: Breast cancer is considered as one of the most common and dangerous forms of cancer. It is a significant public health issue on a global scale. The study estimates that 10.0 million people will die from cancer this year, and 19.3 million people will develop the disease overall (BC). In this computation approach nowadays emphasises for new drug discovery, the target protein EGFR (5UGB), ER (2QGT), and PI3KA (4OYS) …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 22–36 Read article
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Relation of Thyroid Profile in Gall Stone Disease Patients
Abstract: Introduction: Gallstone disease is a very common gastro-intestinal disorder which is present worldwide. They may form because of many different disorders and the basis for it is impaired metabolism of cholesterol, bilirubin and bile acid and is characterized by formation of stones in hepatic or common bile duct or gall bladder. There has been a discussion, regard to the relation of thyroid disorders and gallstone disease, there are several explanations …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 8–12 Read article
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Non-healing Ulcer Treatment with Unani Formulation Zaroor-e-Qawi: A Case Series
Abstract: Non-healing ulcers (Qurooh-e-Aseeerat-ul-Indamaal) are those ulcers which do not heal by conservative treatment within six weeks. In Indian community its prevalence reported in year 2004 was 4.8 per1000 populations. About 1% of total western population suffers from it. This estimate is likely to increase many folds because of the increasing population of elderly people and the people with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, arterial and venous diseases. It badly affects the patient’s …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 9–14 Read article
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Study of Leucocyte Count, Serum Bilirubin and C-Reactive Protein Values in Preoperative Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis
Abstract: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies all over the world. In appendicular perforation, morbidity and mortality increases significantly. A prompt diagnosis and early surgery can only be done if clinical findings are supported by laboratory tests. To estimate preoperative serum leukocyte count, total bilirubin and C-reactive protein levels in patients with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis and compare them with histopathological diagnosis postoperatively. Cross sectional study …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 20–26 Read article
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Role of Imaging and Clinico-Endoscopic Assessment in the Upstaging and Management of Laryngeal Malignancies
Abstract: Carcinomas of larynx are the very common primary head and neck malignancies. Cancer of larynx accounts for 30 percent of all head and neck cancers. The American Cancer Society’s most recent estimates for laryngeal cancer in the United States for 2013 are, about 12,260 new cases are laryngeal cancer, being 9680 in men and 2580 in women. Laryngeal cancer has also a strong socioeconomic association, being twice as common in …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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Knowledge of Staff Nurses Regarding Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Abstract: Heart disease is the world’s largest killer, claiming 17.5 million lives every year. About every 29 sec, an Indian dies of heart problem. As many as 20,000 new heart patients develop every day in India, six crore Indians suffered from heart disease and 30% more are at high risk. By 2020, India will have the largest coronary heart disease (CAD) burden in the world and will account for one third …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 6–11 Read article
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Osteoarthritis-A General Review
Abstract: Osteoarthritis or degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) may first appear without symptoms between 20 and 30 years of age. The symptoms, such as pain and inflammation, appear in middle age. Till the age of 55 it occurs equally in both sexes; after 55 the incidence is higher in women. It is estimated that approximately four out of 100 people are affected. The incidence of osteoarthritis in India is as high as …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 11–25 Read article
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Chronic Renal Failure: A General Review
Abstract: Chronic renal failure is also known as chronic kidney disease in which there is progressive loss in kidney function over a period of months or years. The symptoms of worsening kidney function are not specific and might include feeling generally unwell and experiencing a reduced appetite. The definition of chronic kidney disease has been simplified over the last 5 years. It is now defined as the presence of kidney damage …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 23–31 Read article
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A Statistical Analysis of Cephalic Index of the Different Communities of Assam Brought for Autopsy at Department of Forensic Medicine, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital
Abstract: Cephalic Index also known as ‘Cranial Index’ or ‘Index of Breadth’ is one of the important parameters that help to differentiate human races. The cephalic index was first described by a Swedish anatomist, Anders Retzius (1796–1860) and was first used in physical anthropology in classifying ancient human remains of Europe. It is one such data obtained from skull which can aid in identification of a particular race or community, describe …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 31–37 Read article
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PHD-2 Activation to Stabilize HIF-1α and FASN in Mammary Gland Cancer
Abstract: Activation of prolyl hydroxylase-2 (PHD2) has emerged as an attractive target to counteract tumor hypoxia and thereby uncontrolled cellular proliferation. We utilized an integrated strategy to identify new PHD2 activators using series of in silico tools and in vitro methods. The in silico screening helped to identify 4-ethyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromen-7-yl acetate (BBAP-3), [4-(7-acetyloxy-4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylchromen-3-yl)phenyl]acetate (BBAP-4), 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,2,4-trimethyl-2H-chromen-7-yl acetate (BBAP-5) as an activator, who are structurally similar to KRH102140 (a known activator of PHD2). All …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 28–33 Read article
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Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Activities in Brain and Plasma of Several Species of Birds in India
Abstract: Since timely acquisition of concurrent controls is not always feasible, development of a reference data of normal cholinesterase (ChE) activities for various wildlife species particularly for birds is necessary to diagnose anticholinesterase exposure. In the present study, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities in brain and plasma of several species of birds collected from Ahmedabad, India, during 2005–2007, were determined. Brain AChE activity ranged from 1.24 µmole/min/g in Indian white-backed …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2012 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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A Study of Cranio-Facial Injuries in Medico-Legal Autopsies
Abstract: Injury to the cranium and face is a common finding in medico-legal autopsies. Blunt trauma to the cranium is most frequently caused by road traffic accidents, assaults, falls from height and also from impacts by machineries. However, road traffic accidents accounts for the commonest occurrence of cranio-facial injuries. International labour organization 1994 estimated that nearly 2 lacks workers die annually and 1200 lacks are injured. Studies of traumatic cranial injuries …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 15–18 Read article
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Nephrotoxic Effect of Herbal Medicine and Supplements: A Review
Abstract: Nowadays, alternative medicines have become a multibillion-dollar industry and continue growing. Herbal medicine is one of the primeval forms of medicine which is prepared exclusively from herbal plants. The Ayurvedic medicinal cure method is also been used as a prescription for chronic diseases such as cancer, asthma, diabetes, and end-stage renal diseases and increasing interest in European countries respectively. According to the report of world health organization (WHO), 4 billion …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 28–35 Read article
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Toxicity of Copper Sulphate on Behaviour, Hematological and Biochemical Parameters of Mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala
Abstract: The present study deals with the toxicity of copper sulphate on behavior, hematological and biochemical parameters of Mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala. Copper sulphate was prepared and characterized by using SEM, FTIR and XRD. The physic-chemical characteristics of water sample were analyzed before the experiment. The sub-lethal analysis on Cirrhinus mrigala in different concentrations such as 10–40 and 50 ppm of copper sulphate were used for a period of 96 h. Based …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 26–32 Read article