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214 articles for “padding”
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Integrating Green Infrastructure in Urban Development and Street Design: A Comprehensive Approach to Sustainable Urbanization and Environmental Planning
Abstract: This study examines the comprehensive integration of green infrastructure in both urban development and street design as a critical approach to achieving sustainable urbanization and effective environmental planning. It explores the role of green spaces, permeable pavements, tree-lined streets, and natural water management systems in addressing urban challenges such as heat islands, flooding, and air pollution. Case studies from cities worldwide are reviewed to demonstrate the environmental, social, and economic …
Published in International Journal of Urban Design and Development · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 8–15 Read article
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Influence of Nanomaterial on Biofuel Extracted from Lemon Seed Feedstock
Abstract: Biodiesel, which is a type of biofuel, offers a replacement to the traditional diesel fuel currently available on the market, which is derived from petroleum that is both more sustainable for the environment and more attractive from an economic standpoint. A plethora of environmental benefits can be obtained through the utilization of this technology, including a reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases and particulate matter, as well as the possibility …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 200–210 Read article
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Optimizing Vehicle Structures Using Functionally Graded Materials of Aluminum and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
Abstract: This article investigates the optimization of vehicle structures through application of functionally graded materials (FGMs), specifically aluminium and carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. Such materials, known as FGMs, are characterized by spatial variations in composition and structure designed to improve so-called performance attributes. For the purposes of this research, the material properties of aluminium and CFRP composites are taken to be randomly distributed in thickness direction of a FGM …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 478–489 Read article
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Analysis of Gold Price Trend Using the Hidden Markov Model
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the behavior of gold prices in India through a two-state Hidden Markov Model (HMM). We first formulated crucial parameters, such as the Transition Probability Matrix (TPM), Initial Probability Vector (IPV), and Emission Probability Matrix (EPM). Subsequently, we constructed a hidden Markov probability distribution and evaluated Pearson’s coefficients to gauge the correlations separately for each state. The goodness of fit of the developed model was assessed …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 7–16 Read article
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Investigation of Mechanical Behaviour in Brake Shoe Liner by Using Composite and Nano Materials
Abstract: The mechanical performance of the brake shoe liners dictates the safety and efficiency of the vehicles; thus, brakes are very vital in ensuring controlled deceleration and stopping. In the past few decades, composites have significantly impacted the automotive industry through lighter, stronger, and sturdier alternatives to traditional materials improving overall performance. Nano additives are of key importance in such composites, improving not only the mechanical properties but, more significantly, the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 280–295 Read article
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Advanced Digital Twin and AI Integration for Real-Time Optimization in Polymer Production
Abstract: The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) with Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies opens up considerable avenues for reshaping polymer manufacturing by improving operational effectiveness, securing exceptional product standards, and advancing sustainability in the environment. This academic manuscript delineates an advanced framework that integrates IoT and AI with synergistic technologies, including blockchain, edge computing, and digital twin methodologies, to revolutionize polymer manufacturing processes. The proposed architecture utilizes IoT sensors for the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 81–89 Read article
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Hybridization Method for Injection Moulding Process, Optimization with Melting Temperature Parameters
Abstract: Due to the production of plastic products with complex shapes, the plastic injection moulding manufacturing method has recently received a lot of attention. In order to improve manufacturing performance, the cycle time for the injection moulding process has been reduced, the defect known as dimensional warpage that results from temperature differences inside the mould has been reduced, and the mechanical tensile strength of the material has been increased so that …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 337–345 Read article
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First Insights into Whole Genome Sequencing of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex: Molecular Diversity and Drug Susceptibility Patterns in Senegal
Abstract: Background: We conducted a bibliographic analysis of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in sub-Saharan Africa, which included the analysis of 8,139 genomic sequences from 34 of the 49 sub-Saharan African countries. Notably, only one complete sequence from Senegal was identified, which had been generated in the United States. Our primary objective was to utilize whole genome sequencing (WGS) to detect resistance in anti-tuberculous strains of the MTBC in Senegal. This …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 Read article
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Live Epidemiological Tracking of COVID-19 in Senegalese Participants of the Hajj
Abstract: Background: Since the COVID-19 outbreak, global efforts have focused on controlling the disease. However, intense cross border movements pose a risk for the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 strains. A recent example is the detection of cases among the 2024 Senegalese pilgrims returning from Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Investigations of these cases have revealed genomic evolution of the virus. The lack of surveillance may lead to the emergence of high-threat strains. This …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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Thermo-Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Enhanced Polyimide Composites for Aerospace Thermal Protection Systems
Abstract: Advanced aerospace thermal protection systems (TPS) require multifunctional materials that simultaneously provide high thermal stability, mechanical strength, and reliable electrical performance. Polyimide (PI) is widely used in aerospace structures due to its lightweight design and exceptional thermal durability, yet its low thermal conductivity and insulating behavior limit its effectiveness in heat dissipation and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. This study addresses these limitations by developing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-reinforced polyimide …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 966–982 Read article
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Mathematical Models for COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has really underlined the importance of mathematical modeling in understanding disease-spread dynamics and especially informing public health interventions. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive comparative analysis of various mathematical models used for COVID-19 studies, with a focus on assumptions underlying those models, strengths, and also the limitations in their applications as well as special focus is given to compartmental models, agent-based models, machine learning-enhanced models, and …
Published in Recent Trends in Mathematics · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 42–53 Read article
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Recent Trends in Rotary Kiln and Refractory Material Patterns in Cement Production: A Review Approach
Abstract: The manufacturing of cement and other industrial operations depend heavily on rotary kilns, which use refractory materials to endure high temperatures and challenging chemical conditions. With an emphasis on their effects on durability and operating efficiency, this study looks at the most recent developments in rotary kiln technology and refractory material choices. Various rotary kiln designs, typical refractory material patterns, and the difficulties posed by kiln failures are all covered. …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 27–34 Read article
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NOVA: The Virtual Desktop Assistant
Abstract: This research work details the design, development, and implementation of a voice-controlled desktop assistant aimed at streamlining everyday tasks and boosting user productivity. The assistant seamlessly integrates with various desktop applications and core operating system functions to automate routine operations, deliver relevant contextual information, and provide personalized suggestions based on observed user behavior and preferences. A standout feature of the system is its ability to monitor user activity levels and …
Published in International Journal of Computer Science Languages · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 19–25 Read article
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A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Lecture-Cum-Demonstration on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Biomedical Waste Management Among Allied Health Science Students at GIMS, Gadag
Abstract: Background: Biomedical waste management is a critical aspect of healthcare practice, and inadequate knowledge and poor handling can pose serious risks to health professionals, patients, and the environment. Allied Health Science students, as future healthcare providers, must be well-versed in the principles and practices of biomedical waste management. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a lecture-cum-demonstration program on improving knowledge and practice related to biomedical waste management among …
Published in International Journal of Evidence Based Nursing And Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 27–53 Read article
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A Qualitative Study on the Lived Experiences of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Attending Gynecology OPD, Bangalore
Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent hormonal disorder among women of reproductive age, affecting multiple aspects of their well-being, including physical, psychological, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions. Despite its widespread occurrence, the lived experiences of women with PCOS remain inadequately understood. The present qualitative study aimed to explore and interpret these lived experiences to enhance professional awareness, improve understanding, and promote better support for affected women. A phenomenological research …
Published in International Journal of Midwifery Nursing And Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 30–40 Read article
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The Effectiveness of Self-Instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding Vitamin D Deficiency Among Women in Selected Institutions, Bangalore
Abstract: Background and Purpose of the Study:Vitamin D deficiency is a widespread but often overlooked global health concern, affecting more than one billion individuals worldwide. Insufficient levels of vitamin D have been linked to an elevated risk of developing various chronic illnesses. Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to assess women’s baseline knowledge about vitamin D deficiency. It also sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-instructional module (SIM) …
Published in International Journal of Women's Health Nursing And Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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A Retrospective Study to Assess the Incidence of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women Admitted in a Tertiary Care Centre, Jalandhar, Punjab
Abstract: Background:Anemia during pregnancy is a common and preventable condition that contributes significantly to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including preterm delivery, low birth weight, and increased maternal morbidity. Despite the implementation of various national health programs in India, the burden of anemia among pregnant women remains high, particularly in rural regions. Objective: To assess the incidence and severity of anemia among pregnant women admitted to a tertiary care center in …
Published in International Journal of Women's Health Nursing And Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 38–42 Read article
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Combining Unstructured and Structured Clinical Data in a Hybrid Transformer Model to Enhance Cardiovascular Analytics and Clinical Decision- Making
Abstract: Since cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be a major global cause of morbidity and mortality, early and accurate risk prediction is essential for prompt intervention and individualized treatment. This study introduces a new hybrid transformer-based model that combines unstructured clinical narratives, structured data, and customized lifestyle characteristics. A comprehensive understanding of disease progression is made possible by the model's ability to capture contextual, temporal, and patient- specific insights through the …
Published in International Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 30–37 Read article
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A SEIR-Informed Stacked Fusion of Prophet, XGBoost, and LSTM for Ward-Level Epidemic Forecasting in Amravati Municipal Corporation
Abstract: Municipal epidemic preparedness depends on accurate short-horizon forecasts at fine spatial granularity. Ward-level incidence series are typically nonstationary due to changing contact patterns, interventions, reporting delays, and heterogeneous demographic and environmental factors. This paper presents a mathematically formulated hybrid forecasting architecture designed for Amravati Municipal Corporation (AMC). The method decomposes observed incidence into (i) a mechanistic SEIR baseline that enforces epidemiological structure and (ii) a data-driven residual learned using Prophet …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 17–23 Read article
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Polymer Matrix Characterization and Interfacial Engineering in Bamboo/Sisal/Chopped Mat Hybrid Fiber Composites
Abstract: The present investigation focuses on the characterization of polymer matrices and the interfacial behavior of bamboo, sisal, and chopped strand mat (CSM) fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. The work aims to understand how natural fibers influence the curing, thermal, and adhesion properties of hybrid composite systems. Experimental analyses were carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to evaluate curing …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 123–135 Read article