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66 articles for “basic fundamentals”
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The Evolution and Impact of Numbers: From Ancient Tallies to Quantum Computing: Review Article on Numbers
Abstract: Numbers are among the most fundamental constructs in human civilization, serving as the backbone of mathematics, science, technology, and virtually every aspect of daily life. They represent not only quantities and measures but also relationships, structures, and patterns that underpin the fabric of human understanding. From the earliest tallies etched on bones by prehistoric humans to the sophisticated numerical systems embedded in today’s artificial intelligence and quantum computing, the evolution …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 15–19 Read article
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Digital Preservation in Libraries: An Overview
Abstract: Preservation of conventional resources became more flourishing and organized when the libraries and archives started incorporating preservation into their overall planning and resource allocation. Digital preservation is fundamentally experimental as well as full of risks linked with untested Digital preservation strategies. Archives hold millions of documents like manuscripts, rare books, paintings, photographs, and historical records, which represent human heritage. With the passage of time, paper manuscripts start getting fragile and …
Published in Journal of Advancements in Library Sciences · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 40–48 Read article
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Advances in Photocatalytic Catalysts for Wastewater Treatment
Abstract: Water is a fundamental component of the life support system and is indispensable for the survival of all living organisms. Life cannot exist without water, and human societies depend on it for drinking, agriculture, industry, and sanitation. Water resources are increasingly under pressure in terms of both quality and availability, largely due to rapid industrial development, expanding urban areas, and rising population levels. These human-driven activities have played a major …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 44–56 Read article
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Interior Design for Disaster Resilience
Abstract: In the age of heightening environment actuated calamities and the thriving intricacy of metropolitan scenes, the basic to implant catastrophe flexibility inside plan resounds with remarkable criticalness. This examination paper embraces a general odyssey, diving into the complicated interchange between inside plan and catastrophe flexibility inside the constructed climate. Drawing upon a tremendous embroidery of insightful writing, exact investigations, and genuine models, the paper fastidiously disentangles the multi-layered methodologies, developments, …
Published in International Journal of Climate Conditions · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 01–15 Read article
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Green Chemistry to Improve Our Lives
Abstract: One of the most fundamental and effective tools to use on the road to sustainability is green chemistry. The US Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge was introduced in 1995. In 1996, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry established the working party on green chemistry. Following that, regular scientific conferences began to be held. In 1990, the Royal Society of Chemistry sponsored Journal of Clean Processes and Green Chemistry, the …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Ecology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 24–27 Read article
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Physics of Semiconductors and Electronic Circuits
Abstract: This study talks about the basic ideas behind semiconductor physics and how important they are for making and running modern electronic circuits. It starts with a look at intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, going into how charge carriers move, energy band theory, and how doping affects how well the electricity flows. Next, the conversation turns to semiconductor devices like diodes, bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), and field-effect transistors (FETs). The focus is …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 9–17 Read article